nutrition fsn 127 refrence book nutrition from science with you

Chapter 6. Proteins

1. What are proteins and how do we use them?

2. Structure of proteins

a. Amino acids

b. Protein folding into 3-D shape

c. Denaturing a protein

3. Some amino acids are essential (9/20)

4. Digestion and absorption

5. How much protein do you need

a. AMDR, RDA

b. Nitrogen balance

6. Rating protein quality

7. Too much or too little protein

8. Vegetarian diet and protein

Chapter Review questions for Chapter 6 (proteins)

1. List 5 specific uses of protein in the body.

(For example: the body’s muscle tissues contain contractile proteins that allow them to contract.)

2. What is the basic building block of a protein? Make a labeled sketch of such a building block – include carboxyl group, amine group and R group.

3. The bonds between the protein’s building blocks have a specific name – what is it?

4. A simple chain of these building blocks is not a completely functional protein. What has to happen to the chain to make a functional protein?

5. What does the term denaturation mean? What can cause a protein to denature? During what body process do we regularly denature proteins?

6. What is meant by the term “essential amino acid”? How many amino acids are essential? What are their names? (You won’t have to know these for exam)

7. What are some of the ways a protein is rated? (Describe at least 2 – tell what they are measuring)

8. How much protein do you need according to the AMDR guidelines? Provide answer in both grams and kilocalories.

9. How much do you need according to the 0.8 g/kg body weight guideline? If you are a very active athlete and/or body builder, you may need 50 -100% more than this (1.2 g/kg – 1.6 g/kg) and you can report this number if it applies.

10. Read p 232 – 235 (2nd edition) or 238-240 (3rd edition) in textbook (Vegetarian Diets). How much lower is the incidence of heart disease for people eating a vegetarian diet? ________ Name 3 dietary components might be low or missing from a vegetarian diet, and describe the associated risks, and/or remedies. (Second edition describes risks and remedies, third edition , only remedies)

11. Read pp 238-240 (2nd edition) or 233-234 (3rd edition) in your text (Are Protein Supplements Necessary?) How much protein per serving is typical for protein powders? Assuming a suggested 3 servings per day, how much protein is that compared to your needs (from questions 8 and 9 above)? What does the text say about amino acid supplementation?