mutiple choice and short answer

Question 1

What kind of seawater is densest?

Cold, high salinity

Warm, low salinity

Warm, high salinity

Cold, low salinity

Question 2

The __________ Ocean is the largest; the __________ Ocean is the smallest.

Arctic; Atlantic

Pacific; Arctic

Atlantic; Indian

Pacific; Indian

Question 3

Which element is most common dissolved in seawater?

Gold

Sodium

Chlorine

Magnesium

Question 4

__________ are huge circular-moving current systems that dominate the surface of the ocean within an ocean basin.

Upwellings

Tombolos

Gyres

Coriolis

Question 5

The daily tidal range is of the least magnitude during __________.

slack water

the daytime

spring tides

neap tides

Question 6

1. Match the term with the definition.

Abrasion

Wave period

Wavelength

Hard stabilization

Beach nourishment

Submergent

Emergent

Tidal delta

A.	Building structures along the coastline to prevent movement of sand.
B.	Pumping sand onto the beach from some other area, temporarily replenishing the sediment supply.
C.	The distance from one wave crest to the next.
D.	The amount of time it takes for two wave crests to pass the same point.
E.	A deposit of sediment resulting from a flood current passing through an inlet.
F.	The sawing and grinding action of water armed with rock fragments.
G.	Like the Atlantic coast of the United States, an area of sea level rise relative to the land.
H.	Like the Pacific coast of the United States, an area of land uplift relative to sea level.

Question 7

Examine the figure. Match each of the lettered locations with the name of the shoreline feature shown there.

A.

B.

C.

D.

a.	Sea stack
b.	Tombolo
c.	Spit
d.	Baymouth bar

Question 8

The best place to look for crabs is between the high tide and low tide zones (the tidal flat). Knowing this, would you expect to find more crabs during a full moon/new moon or during a quarter moon stage? Explain why.

Question 9

Discuss two reasons why summer temperatures in coastal locations in Southern California are cooler than coastal locations at the same latitude in Georgia.

Question 10

Examine the chart below. At what latitudes do we find the maximum salinity? Briefly explain what contributes to high salinities here versus polar and equatorial regions.

Question 11

A variety of techniques and efforts are used to stabilize shorelines throughout the world. Discuss these techniques. Are they temporary or permanent? Also, discuss at least two ways in which the development/urbanization of coastal areas contributes to shoreline erosion? (Hint: think about rivers and what they contribute to our beaches. Also, what increases with the creation of roads and rooftops?) Your response should be at least 200 words in length.

Question 12

After the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, the US put in place a temporary moratorium on new off-shore oil developments. Now Congress has voted to renew off-shore drilling with passage of the Restarting American Offshore Leasing Now Act (H.R. 1230). What do you think about the importance and safety of off-shore oil drilling? Should we continue? Did we learn anything from Deepwater Horizon that could make future off-shore oil developments safer (please be specific)?

Your response should be at least 200 words in length.