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Module 1 Assignment 2: Diagnosis

Mark Billy

Arizona state University

10/08/2016

 

 

Diagnosis

Introduction

Diagnosis is always an important part of the healing process. It is always very important to know the state of the body in terms of health. In some cases it helps to go or the regular full body checkups and in most cases, worse circumstances are avoided through these occasional visits. The world of medicine keeps taking a new turn and everyday there is a new discovery towards a better way to maintain the healthcare sector. When dealing with patients a diagnosis is always what is expected when they visit the clinician with symptoms. It is not easy where healthcare is involved but risks are always worthy.

Principal and Secondary Diagnosis

The principal diagnosis is known as the cause for admission or rather the first disease discoverable. In this case the principal diagnosis was mental illness following attempted suicide. This is what landed her in the hospital. However she was later referred and the secondary diagnosis is coded depression, this was the underlying issue all along. These are two diagnoses that led the doctor to refer. These two diagnoses have their advantages as it is important for a clinician to know exactly how to go about the diagnosis and also help in determining the most suitable method to use (Seccareccia,2010).

Reasons for selecting the principal and secondary diagnoses

The main reasons for selecting principal and secondary diagnosis is because what the definitions say and the coding according to the new guidelines clearly indicate what the diagnosis they both are. The patient lacks to state the historical condition so as for the coder to identify it as the principal (Dekel,2006). In this case coder are not able to identify a link to the various diagnosis and in reference to AHA clinic coding this shows only after the main studies are done, meaning there is not a conclusive definition in this regard. These diagnoses help in creating a way forward, so that the clinician knows what to expect or have a clue as to what they are dealing with. It also helps in saving time and sometimes in saving lives of the patient involved.

Social and Cultural Factors

Society always has its way of guiding people and making sure that they set the right pace for what they term as legal. People tend to pick up what surrounds them. In most cases if a child grows up around alcoholics there are higher chance the child will be alcoholic and society defines morals. Social factors will definitely affect or rather influence the diagnosis. (Seccareccia,2010). In some scenarios there may be a society that does not believe in certain diseases or may not believe that some form of behavior may be as a result of the surrounding so they conduct it anyway. This may be an undermining factor to what the diagnosis end result will be.

Educational and technology have now become very close, particularly when using online learning the environmental factors can be different and bring about varying experiences, They can allow students to basically use real identity or give an anonymous identity which is either during classroom communication or elsewhere . Advantages in anonymity in race, age, and gender are a good thing as there are increased chances in the student participation and there is increased cross-cultural communication. Risks include increased in the aggressive or hostile behavior meaning the behavior in this case and exposure is different. (Mason. & Kaye, 1989).

However, culture is defined as the set norms that guide a society, there may be constraints that may restrict how to go about the diagnosis. This is likely to highly tamper with the diagnosis. If the cultural believes do not support certain trends there is a higher chance of diverting the diagnosis to what is more acceptable. This is because with the diversity of cultures there may be different views and set norms on how a culture is supposed to function. (<BIB>Mezzich & Caracci, 2008</BIB>). Thus, it is very evident that diagnosis help to know the way forward and plan on how to go about the treatment but with the involvement of culture a misdiagnosis may occur leading to wrong treatment.

Differential diagnoses.

Differential diagnosis is supposed to begin all treatments. It is the mandate of the clinical operative to diagnose disorders from the presented symptoms. There is always an underlying problem in this case because premature diagnosis occurs often and within the first few minutes as a clinical special it is very likely that they can determine the patient diagnosis. The problem comes in when interpretation has to be done and the questions that follow after presentation of the symptoms can clearly tell what the clinician is anticipating. Sometimes the diagnosis from other conditions may be applicable but not always. (Mason. & Kaye, 1989). Many of the chronic conditions today require long term and in most cases acute care services and these can be managed through proper diagnosis, prevented or even reversed with the use of wellness and prevention programs. There is so much hope with the industry evolvement. There are still problems with the applications to get into the programmes involving treatment.

Sometimes there may be a diagnostic bias especially if the patient does not physically depict what they may have , hence the importance of conducting hypotheses then apply methodical science. The probable reasons for differential diagnosis are to enable the patient fully understand probable causes or why the symptoms may be a possibility of a certain illness. A patient has to understand why some illnesses were eliminated or why the doctor came to a certain conclusion (Claire, 2015). It is very important to explain to the concerned parties why certain options were eliminated and to give them a clear understanding of their illness. Differential diagnosis helps the clinician consider other options so that incase the first diagnosis is wrong they have other options to consider.

Actual Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis

Actual Diagnosis gives the clear and accurate results. The best way is to determine what the patient is suffering from without second guessing. As a clinician it is always a relief if you can determine what the patient is actually suffering from so as to start the treatment plan immediately with the perception that there may be a risk to life. Differential diagnosis is what the patient is most likely to be suffering from; the clinician will eliminate possibilities until they are left with the actual diagnosis. So in my opinion actual diagnosis is always better because no one wants to keep second guessing their illness. The differential diagnosis is good but the actual diagnosis is better. (Selwyn,2011)

Justification.

Actual diagnosis is considered better than differential diagnosis because of accuracy. With philosophers you can access them anytime anywhere online hence education has become widespread. When a patient is given actual diagnosis their mind is at peace as opposed to differential diagnosis, which only leaves them pending. In my opinion, other factors held constant like culture and society, it is only logical that a patient actually understands the exact diagnosis so that they can start a treatment plan (Seccareccia, 2010). Therefore patients who are diagnosed with mental illnesses can arrange a routine treatment which they can follow accurately without confusion. It is clear that actual diagnosis can work in favor of both the patient and the clinician involved. Differential diagnosis is therefore not the best in most cases.

Conclusion

Differential Diagnosis give the probability and possibly help come a long way in determining what a patient is likely to be suffering from. It is always great to weigh options and give the accurate diagnosis and that is why there are many underlying factors that have to be considered when trying to come up with a diagnosis. People have experienced the continued changes in the field of healthcare. Students have continued to learn online and this has maximized literacy in the world. Cultural backgrounds, society and exposure may be some of the possible factors that may highly determine that diagnosis but all the same the actual diagnosis is always best. Sometimes misdiagnosis occurs but this is supposed to be very rare. In the case o this case study the patient in question is mostly affected by circumstances and exposure as the underlying factors to their diagnosis and in this case they barely have nothing to do with culture but mostly social.

References

Seccareccia, D. (2010). Cancer-related hypercalcemia. ; Can Fam Physician. 56 (3): 244–6,

Dekel, G(2006). Learning Technologist .

Richey, R. (2008). Reflections on the 2008 AECT Definitions of the Field. TechTrends. 52 (1): 24–25.

Selwyn, N. (2011) Education and Technology: Key Issues and Debates. London: Continuum International Major.

Claire A. (2015). Teaching Online: A Guide to Theory, Research, and Practice. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press.Publishing Group.

Mason. R. and Kaye, A. (1989). Mindweave: Communication, Computers and Distance Education. Oxford, UK: Pergamon Press.

Mezzich O. & Caracci A. ( 2008</BIB>). Education and Technology: Diagnosis. London: Continuum International Major.