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FIN 340 Useful Excel Functions for Capital Budgeting
Net Present Value =NPV(rate, value1, value2, …..) This function does not account for the initial investment, so that must be accounted for separately. The function assumes that ‘value1’ represents the cash flow in year 1. Rate represents the cost of capital. Internal Rate of Return =IRR(values, guess) This function assumes that the first cash flow occurs in year 0, thus the first value you enter represents the initial investment. You can enter in a guess for the IRR, but this is not necessary. Profitability Index There is no separate Excel function for the PI. However, we can use the NPV function instead to calculate the PV(cash inflows) and then divide that by the initial investment. Additional Useful Function =IF(logical test, value_if_true, value_if_false) The =IF function can be useful to determine whether a particular project value results in an accept or reject decision for the project. The logical test would be, for example, NPV > 0 for a project. If this were true, then the next term in the function would indicate what happens if the test is true, and the last term in the function would indicate what happens if the test is false. Generic example: In cell A6, you enter in a value between -‐100 and 100. In cell A7, you have the following =IF statement: =IF(A6 > 0, “Positive or Zero”, “Negative”) If the value entered in cell A6 is less than zero, then you will find “Negative” in cell A7. Otherwise you will find “Positive or Zero” in cell A7. =ABS(value) The =ABS function returns the absolute value of the referenced cell. Great Reference Sheet for Basic Excel Functions: http://www.customguide.com/cheat_sheets/excel-‐2013-‐quick-‐reference.pdf