Response Paper

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Chapter 1

Science, Schooling, and Educational Research

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

How do early childhood experiences affect schooling?

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Research Question

The educational world

The educational experiences and orientations of people in addition to ourselves

Information from many sources

Criteria for evaluating various answers

Methods for seeking your own answers

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Learning About the Educational World

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Observing

Selective observation

Instances that confirm our beliefs

Inaccurate observation

Generalizing

Overgeneralization

Conclude that what we know for some is true for all

Reasoning

Illogical reasoning

Invalid assumptions

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Errors in Thinking

Reevaluating

Resistance to change

Ego-based commitments

Excessive devotion to tradition

Uncritical agreement with authority

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Errors in Thinking

Reduce potential sources of error in reasoning about the educational world

Methods of science

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

The Educational Research Approach

Personal

Researcher’s own life, experiences, and values

Academic

Gain better understanding of educational processes

Policy

Policy and program needs

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Motives for Educational Research

Quantitative

Data are numbers and quantities

Analyze data with statistical procedures

Qualitative

Data are words, pictures, or video

Identify patterns and themes

Narrative interpretations

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Not necessarily sharp distinction

Triangulation

The use of multiple methods to study one research question

Difference in motive

Quantitative

Explanation, description, or evaluation

Qualitative

Exploration

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Quantitative and Qualitative Methods

Descriptive

Measurement

Sampling

Survey research

Exploratory

“What is going on here?”

Unstructured information

Qualitative methods

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Types of Educational Research

Explanatory

Identify cause and effects of educational phenomenon

Experiments

Surveys

Evaluation

Implementation and effects of educational policies and programs

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Types of Educational Research

Positivism

Object reality

Natural science

Universal laws of human behavior

Post-positivism

External objective reality, can not be perceived by science

Intersubjective agreement

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Educational Research Philosophies

Interpretivist

Qualitative research

Reality is socially constructed

Understand what meanings people give to reality

Constructivist

How different stakeholders in educational settings construct their beliefs

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Educational Research Philosophies

Constructivism

Descriptive research

Evaluation research

Explanatory research

Exploratory research

Generalizability

Illogical reasoning

Inaccurate observations

Measurement

Qualitative methods

Quantitative methods

Positivism

Post-positivism

Practical Significance

Resistance to change

Science

Selective observation

Triangulation

Check/Schutt, Research Methods in Education

Key Terms