I need help with writing
English 100T, Summer 2016
Questions to Ask about the Rhetorical Situation
Author
1. Who is the author?
2. Is the author male or female?
a. How might gender have influenced the author’s essay?
3. Where is the author from?
a. How might this location have influenced the author?
4. When was the author born?
a. How might the author’s age have influenced his/her writing?
b. How might this time period have affected the author?
5. Is the author credible?
a. Has the author published other things? What kinds of things?
b. Is the author considered an expert in his/her field? How do you know?
6. What is the author’s tone?
a. Why does the author use this tone?
b. What emotions does the author have for the topic of the essay? How can you tell?
7. What is the author’s stance on the topic?
a. How do you know?
Audience
1. Who is the intended audience for the essay?
a. How do you know?
2. How old is the intended audience?
a. How do you know?
3. What gender is the intended audience?
a. How do you know?
4. What culture does the intended audience come from?
a. How do you know?
5. Where is the intended audience located? Is the intended audience rural, suburban, or urban?
a. How do you know?
6. What race is the intended audience?
a. How do you know?
7. What is the educational background of the intended audience?
a. How do you know?
8. What does the audience already know about the topic?
a. How do you know?
b. How much background information does the author need to give the audience so that they will understand his/her main points?
9. Does the audience agree or disagree with the author?
a. How do you know?
10. Why would the audience be choosing to read this essay?
a. How do you know?
Purpose
1. Why did the author write the essay?
a. Entertainment
b. Information
c. Scientific exploration
d. Humor
e. Social awareness
f. Argument
g. Explanation
h. Description
i. Definition
j. Experimentation
k. Publication
l. Financial gain
2. Did the author achieve this purpose?
a. If yes, how? What strategies did the writer use to achieve this purpose?
b. If no, why not?
Message
1. What is the overall topic of the essay?
a. How does the author feel about this topic?
b. How does the audience feel about this topic?
2. How does the author want the audience to feel about this topic?
a. What does the author do to influence the audience?
b. How does the author make the audience feel about the topic?
3. Why did the author write an essay (not a book, poem, story, song, or other type of communication) about this topic?
a. Why is an essay an appropriate genre?
b. Would another genre have been more appropriate? Why or why not?
4. What strategies does the author use to convey his/her message?
a. Are these strategies successful? Why or why not?
b. How would the audience respond to these strategies?
c. Why did the author choose these strategies?
d. How do the author’s word choices affect his/her message?
e. How does the writer’s use of punctuation affect his/her message?
f. How does the length of the writer’s paragraphs affect his/her message?
g. How does the length of the writer’s sentences affect his/her message?
h. How effectively did the writer communicate? What could the writer have done to communicate better?
Context
1. When was the essay written?
a. How might this time period have influenced the author?
b. How might this time period have influenced the audience?
c. What major world events were happening during this time period?
d. How might this time period have influenced the author’s message?
e. How this time period have influenced the author’s purpose?
2. Where was the essay written?
a. How might this place have influenced the author?
b. What major world events happened in this place?
c. How might this place have influenced the audience?
d. How might this place have influenced the author’s message?
e. How might this place have influenced the author’s purpose?
f. Where was the essay originally published?
i. How might this have influenced the essay?
ii. What other kinds of writing is typically published in this source? Is this essay typical of the kind of writing published in this source? Why or why not?
3. In what culture was the essay written?
a. How might this culture have influenced the author?
b. How has this culture influenced the world?
c. How might this culture have influenced the audience?
d. How might this culture have influenced the author’s message?
e. How might this culture have influenced the author’s purpose?
4. What is the political situation in which this essay was written?
a. How might politics have influenced the author?
b. How might politics influence the audience?
c. How might politics influence the author’s purpose?
d. How might politics influence the author’s message?