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yfengt003
geography_assignment.docxRunning Head: GEOGRAPHY DISCUSSIONS 1
GEOGRAPHY DISCUSSIONS 2
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Question 1
The authors argue the hyper globalist view as an approach which sees globalization as a new age in human history. This new era is characterized by the declining relevance and authority of nation-states, which come about due to economic logic of a global market. Hyper globalist authors believe that the power of national governments is waning. Skeptical perceives globalization occurred at the end of the 19thcentury. Skeptic authors argue that the power of national governments is growing. The authors say that skeptics also disagree whether old cleavages are becoming irrelevant. The third world is not being drawn into a global economy that destroys old lives of benefit and exploitation. Transformationalist Perspective differs fundamentally from the other two perspectives in that there is no single cause behind globalization and the outcome of processes of globalization is not determined. This perspective doesn’t explain much factors driving globalization.
Transformationalist authors, however, view the nature of national governments as changing. The most efficient perspective is skeptic since in reality national government is growing in terms of powers (David A. Sonnenfeld, 2002).“ Brexit” comes from two words Britain and exit. Britain wants to exit from partnership with the European Union after world war two. Purpose of EU is to form a “single market”. By Britain exciting might destabilize economy. Brexit will signal a retreat of globalization
Since is a it will act as pull back of globalization. This is in agreement with skeptical perception. EU should look for a way to increase unity to prevent future exits, in next agenda should be unison this is to promote unity in this partnership which exist in EU countries to prevent further exit.
Question 2 (You did same with wding000, please change to me)
Definition of terms
Urbanization refers to process which rural areas become urbanized as a result of industrialization and economic development. It denotes migration of people from rural to urban over time. Generally urban the population is large and dense where else in rural population is small and sparse.
Impacts of industrialization on urbanization
The industrial revolution had impact on urbanization. This is traced in the world’s history. Due to migration from rural areas to urban, the urban population is growing at a faster rate in comparison rural population. About half of the world’s population now live in cities, and this proportion is higher in the developed countries of the world. About 27 percent of Americans live in urban areas (Christopher, 2010). Industrialization and urbanization are intertwined since they go together.
Four sectors of economy
Industrialization and urbanization will lead to better performance of all the four sectors in terms of contribution towards economy. Industrialization affects the four sectors of economy that is in household sector, government sector, foreign sector and business sector.
· Household sector this are family units which make society. Economy exist for the benefit of household. It provides lab our in payment of wedges.
· Business sector– where production takes place. This sector brings together capital of production that is land, lab our and capital.
· Foreign sector includes everything beyond the boundaries of domestic economy. This sector deals with imports and exports of nation. For instance industrialization will contribute towards more exports hence supporting foreign sector
· Government sector include state, ruling bodies of federal and local governments. This sector is responsible for collecting taxes, provides goods and services for citizens, passing laws and control the other three sectors.
Economic unevenness begin to arise in United States because economy growth was more in urban areas than rural areas hence influencing demographic growth in urban areas.
Question 3
Both Cuba and Venezuela, social gains are often counterbalanced with criticism of each country’s practice of democracy since plays an interesting role in building socialism. In Cuba, electoral democracy was often perceived as insufficient or problematic. At the lower level delegates are directly by their constituents to represent and voice the concerns of their respective communities. However, as the voting process as we move toward higher levels of government direct participation becomes more constrained. However, in Venezuela, democracy is the reason for the Bolivarian Revolution. Free and fair elections since 1998 have supported the Chavez administration throughout multiple elections and referenda. But with the preservation of democracy comes the difficulty of maintaining popular support over rival candidate.
The issue of democracy brings difference between Cuba and Venezuela. Venezuela gives citizens greater authority in deciding the political, economic, and social affairs of the country where else Cuba denies the citizen the chance. A defining feature of Cuba's quest for socialism has been its historic dependence on numerous outside factors while in Venezuela, in its relatively slower advocacy for anti-capitalistic policies. Venezuela's more prominent position in global economy hence less susceptible to outside forces than Cuba. The Cuban government has followed a non-linear approach socialistic policymaking when conditions but Venezuela embrace of socialism. Development in Cuba in long term is negative, democracy should be given a big room.in Venezuela long run the development will be positive, it should be encouraged to use even better tactics. Governments must choose between meeting the demands of capital and meeting the demands for greater social justice (Silvia Pedraza , Carlos A. Romero, 2013).
References David A. Sonnenfeld, A. P. (2002). Globalisation and Transcformstion of Environmental governance. American Behavioral Scientist, 318-339. Chiristopher, H. (2010). AP Human Geography. New Jersey: College Board. Silvia Pedraza , Carlos A. Romero. (2013). CUBA AND VENEZUELA: REVOLUTION AND REFORM. Chaliand.
