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Leading Productive Teams

MSL 630

Hall # 5

It’s a Great Place to Work, Except for the People! Differences on the Team

Format for Hall session

• Introduction of the Hall

• Hall Topics

• Christian worldview applications

• Major points for the week’s learning

Topics we’ll cover

• Conflict and the Christian world view

• Balanced approach to conflict resolution from a Biblical perspective

• Types of Conflict

• Conflict Management Approaches

• Norms of Fairness

• Cross Teams Conflict

• The leader’s role in conflict

• Team Conflict case study

Biblical Foundation

• John 16 : 33 – In this world you will have tribulation, but be of good cheer- I have overcome the world.

Hall Objectives

• Types of Conflict

• Conflict Management Approaches

• Norms of Fairness

• Cross Teams Conflict

• Team Conflict case study

• Conflict and the Christian world view

Questions for Reflection & Study

• What is the Conflict Management grid?

• What does the Bible say about conflict?

• What are norms of fairness?

• What are the 3 types of conflict?

• How do you avoid conflict in virtual teams?

• What are the benefits of the Minority influenc on Teams?

Three Types of Conflict Type of Conflict Definition Example of items used to assess/

measure this type of conflict

Relationship conflict

(also known as

emotional conflict,

A-type conflict, or

affective conflict)

Involves

disagreements based

on personal and social

issues that are not

related to work

How often do people get angry while working in your team? How

much relationship tension is there in your team?

Task conflict (also

known as cognitive

conflict or C-type

conflict)

Involves

disagreements about

the work that is being

done in a group

To what extent are there differences of opinion in your team?

How much conflict is there about the work you do in your team?

How often do people in your team disagree about opinions regarding

the work to be done?

How frequently are there conflicts about ideas in your team?

Process conflict Centers on task

strategy and

delegation of duties

and resources

How often do members of your team disagree about who should do

what?

How frequently do members of your team disagree about the way to

complete a team task?

How much disagreement about the delegation of tasks exists within

your team?

Source: Jehn, K. A. (1995). A Multimethod Examination of the Benefits and Detriments of Intragroup Conflict. Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 256–282; Jehn,

K. A., & Mannix, E. A. (2001). The dynamic nature of conflict: A longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performa nce. Academy of Management Journal,

44(2), 238–251; Behfar, K. (2003). The team exchange contract in autonomous work groups: Behaviors and work strategies for sustainable performance. Doctoral

dissertation, Cornell Univeristy; Peterson, R. (1997). A directive leadership style in group decision making can be both virt ue and vice: Evidence from elite and

experimental groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72(5), 1107–1121.

Types of Conflict

Relationship Joab vs. Absalom

Task Nehemiah

Process Feeding Widows(Acts)

Managerial grid

Concern for the other person (empathy)

C o n c e rn

f o r

o n e s e lf

(s e lf -i n te

re s t;

s e lf -

p re

s e rv

a ti o n )

Avoidance

(stalemate)

Compromise

Collaboration

(win-win)

Accommodation

(capitulation)

Competition

(intimidation)

Thomas, K.W. (1992). Conflict and Conflict Management: Reflections and Update (p. 266). Journal of Organizational behavior, 1 3, 265-274.

Managerial Grid

• With whom did Jesus –

• Compete?

• Avoid?

• Accommodate?

• Collaborate?

• Did Jesus ever compromise?

Conflict management approach

Collaborating

Contending

Rights-based

Power-based

Avoiding

Type of conflict

Task content

Task process Task uncertainty

Team performance

Individual health and

well-being

Amount of conflict

Conflict and Team Performance

Source: DeDreu, C., & Weingart, L. (2003b). A contingency theory of task conflict and performance in groups and organizational teams. In M. A. West, D. Tjosvold, &

K. G. Smith (Eds.), International handbook of organizational teamwork and cooperative working. New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Wageman/Donnefield’s Conflict

Intervention Model

• Task ReDesign

• Task process coaching

• Conflict process coaching

• Changing the Individual

Norms of Fairness

• Equity method (or contribution-based distribution)

• Equality method (or blind justice)

• Need method (or welfare-based justice)

Why do we care about fairness?

• Desire for Fairness

Minority vs. Majority influence

• Teams make better decisions when there is a minority viewpoint present and expressed

A Model of Cross Functional Product Development Team

Conflict And Performance

Cognitive

Integration

Affective

Integration

Functional

Diversity Representational

Gaps

Task

Disagreement

Task

Characteristics

Conflict Management

Techniques

Interests

Rights

Power

Design Discussion Quality

Transaction costs

Outcome

satisfaction

Relationship

Recurrence of

conflict

Team Performance

Innovativeness

Timeliness

Budget adherence

Product quality Source: Weingart, L., Cronin, M., Houser, C., Cagan, J., & Vogel, C. (2005). Functional

diversity and conflict in cross-functional product development teams: Considering

representational gaps and task characteristics. In L. Neider & C. Schriesheim (Eds.),

Understanding teams. (pp. 89–100). Greenwich, CT: IAP.

Cross –functional Teams

Need to close representational gaps by “translating” knowledge bases

Observing Team Leadership

• Doing leadership-

• How could Kate have taken the team in a different direction ?

• (chapter 5)

This Not This

Take turns at the wheel Only 1 captain

Observing Team Membership skills

• Doing leadership-

• How could Kate have avoided the shoal waters that led to her removal?

• Don’t get defensive

• Depersonalize the conflict

• All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God

Conflict is unavoidable

Conflict at Service Project?

• Conflict can occur even at helping agencies

• Conflict can occur at church

Conflict according to James

• Tongue is a trouble maker

• Be quick to listen, slow to speak, slow to anger

• God resists the proud, but favors the humble

Mordecai and Esther

• Jews threatened with extinction

• Queen Esther risks her life to save her people

• God works out His strategic plan with the right people in the right place

Conflict in New Testament

• Jesus vs. Pharisees'

• Jesus vs. Saul

• Paul vs. Peter

• Jews vs. Gentiles

• Paul vs. Barnabas

• Paul vs. Corinthians

• The last conflict

What about Virtual Team conflict?

• Technology can add stress which increases conflict

• Reread e-mail before sending

• If you are angry, it can wait.

Questions for Review

• What is the Conflict Management grid?

• What does the Bible say about conflict?

• What are norms of fairness?

• What are the 3 types of conflict?

• How do you avoid conflict in virtual teams?

• What are the benefits of the Minority influenc on Teams?

Recap of Hall

• Types of Conflict

• Conflict Management Approaches

• Norms of Fairness

• Cross Teams Conflict

• Team Conflict case study

• Conflict and the Christian world view

What next?

• Take the Hall Quiz

• Complete your detailed reading

• Answer the discussion questions

• Complete the writing assignments

References

• Bell, A.H. and Smith, D.M. (2011). Learning Team Skills (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

• Mosely, Curt (2005). TeamWeaver: The 10 Greatest Teams in the Bible and Why They Were Great. Mustang,OK:Tate Publishing.

• Thompson, L.L. (2008). Making the Team (3rd ed) . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

End of Halls 5

▫ Conflict is unavoidable, but proper resolution can lead to more Productive teams

This concludes Hall 5