PHI208: Ethics and Moral Reasoning week 4 quiz

       Has excesses like arrogance and deficiencies such as weakness of will        Has excesses like generosity and deficiencies such as weakness of will        Has excesses like arrogance and deficiencies such as weakness of pleasure        Has excesses like generosity and deficiencies such as weakness of pleasure

       the ultimate aim of all that we do.        what our fundamental duties are.        what constraints on behavior it would be reasonable to agree to.        the will of God.

       Because it is an expression of the virtues of a soldier - like strength and dignity - even in captivity.        So that the British forces will be able to fight the Japanese more effectively.        Because the better the bridge, the more benefit they will receive and less punishment they will endure from their captors.        Because even in captivity, they know that God is watching them.

       Honor        Wealth        Courage        Generosity

       Honor is unimportant        Honor is unrelated to integrity        Honor must be displayed in action        Honor is a subjective state of mind

       They both are inherently immoral and contrary to virtue.        They both require the total rejection of standards outside the self.        They both have nothing to do with ethics.        They both involve acknowledging and respecting the kinds of creatures that we are.

       a life that is lived well.        satisfying as many desires and goals as possible.        pleasure and the absence of pain.        constant feelings of euphoric bliss and joy.

       Associate one’s own honor with rejecting the honor of the group        Associate one’s own honor with the honor of the group        Associate one’s own honor with that of the enemy group        Associate one’s own honor with the virtue of prudence

       a maximum of some character trait.        a minimum of some character trait.        an intermediate between excess and defect of some character trait.        none of the above

       If you act dishonestly, you are bound to eventually get caught, and that is why you should always be honest.        Cheating might lead to external success, but at the cost of internal failure.        If one exercises the virtues like honesty, one is bound to achieve greater wealth, success, and honor.        Watch what you say because you never know who might be listening.   

       He hugged him and thanked him for being honest.        He threatened to turn him in and have him punished.    d.  He reminded him that it is against school policy to cheat, and thus that he erred by breaking the school’s rules.        He challenged him to regard virtue and character as more important than success alone.

       capable of excess, defect, or the intermediate state characteristic of virtue.        good when directed by reason toward the right objects and the right amounts.        always either an excess or a defect in one’s character.        Both (a) and (b).

       through abstract philosophical reflection.        through repetition of virtuous actions until they become habitual.        through genetics.        through reading a lot of self-help books.

       To appeal to notions of the rights of plants, minerals, landscapes, etc.        To think about what kind of human would choose to destroy the earth.        To examine people’s intuitions about whether it is right to harm the environment.        To examine the pleasures or pains that humans might experience as a consequence of treating the environment certain ways.

       there is no agreement about the answer.        there is no objective answer to this question.        most people agree that it is wealth.        nearly everyone agrees that it is happiness.

       Vanity and pusillanimity        Vanity and vice        Generosity and selfishness        Generosity and greed    

       might indicate that the person simply has a different set of subjective tastes.        might indicate that one lacks a precise philosophical account of the beautiful.        might indicate an inability to appreciate the true value of things in general.        might indicate an inability to express proper self-deception.

       An absolute value in the honor group        An absolute value only on the battlefield        An absolute value only for noncombatants        None of the above

       fail to find any aesthetic value in nature.        fail to realize that human needs and interests are worthless and unimportant.        fail to recognize the equal rights of nonsentient beings like plants and rocks.        All of the above. 

       a rule that tells you what the right action is.        a positive self-image.        a state of character that enables practically wise choices.        conformity to society’s standards.