For Big Boss Lady Hawkins Ph.D

Running Head:SUMMARY

This article talks about the efforts that have been carried out by different entities to ensure Biological diversity and achieve a win-win situation to both ecology and humankind. There have been many actors namely the intergovernmental agencies, non-governmental organizations and individual governments as well as philanthropists who have been at the first front in ensuring that elocolog and biodiversity is sustained through some form of intervention. This intervention has been informed of funding whereby these reputable bodies finance the efforts to protect the environment.

Pullin attributes the sources of funding to directly citizens.He argues that the sources of funds may be the intergovernmental agencies e.g., the world bank,non governmental organizations which are normally funded by their members and donors as well private individuals who are philanthoropic enough to play a part in this war for environmental sustainability

This article however critically examines the evidence whether the interventions are working as expected by the funders and whether the methods that have been employed are effeive. He argues that these projects receive Billions of shillings per annum to advance this course. He author casts doubt on the effectiveness of the processes employed to achieve the objectives and further argues that the bone of contention not be projects but the methods used in furthering this aim.His paper is a call for a very keen and detailed evaluation of the designs in place to achieve the intervention.He recollects the effort of the collaboration for environment Evidence(CEE) on systematic reviews on the impact of the intervention on this menace.

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He adduces evidence of the review of the effectiveness of community forest management concludes that there is little and unsatisfactory evidence.Similary review on the effects of decentralized forest administration and payment for ecosystem services reported limited evidence of the viability and the effectiveness of this reviews. From the findings of strategic reviews it is now evident that the evidence available is always very little, does not last for a long time and it is usually poorly resourced.

To him , winning funding involves demostrating effective employment of the funds sourced and achieving the best returns for the funds.There is, therefore, the neeed of an effectivecriteria of ensureing that there is an effective way of calculating this effectiveness.Noteworthy is that, most of the funds are wasted on useless and mostly counter productive projects.

The CEESR, therefore, have come up with what they call ‘evidence for lack of evidence’ which puts up a case against the lack of proof to show transparent monitoring and evaluation of the projects that are funded.He argues that monitoring is lacking as there is a lack of the most efficient way of ensuring that the money is well used.Pullin calls for the funders to make sure that they get value for money.He suggests that the best way to do that is to ensure that there is effective management as well as accountability of the recepients of the funds to intervention.

He also calls for the funders to take on the challenge of ensuring that the entities that are tasked with on programme are kept in check.He proposes the use of the CEE Sr toinfluence them to maintain higher standards of accountability and management of the funds.He sums up by noting that the intervention will be very valuable in achieving a win –win situation in the quest for biodiversity conservation.