How did the Cold War shape the American economy, society and politics from 1945 to 1992?
jaclynbonlarron
lecture_text_chapter24.pptTruman and Cold War America,
1945-1952
Chapter 24
The Cold War Begins
- Truman and Paths to Peace
- International cooperation and deterrence based on military strength
- Soviets advanced opposing goals
- Containment policy
- Kennan’s “Long Telegram”
- “Iron Curtain” Speech
- Ideology and geography determined postwar credits and loans to Europe
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- The Division of Europe
- Truman Doctrine – Greece and Turkey
- Marshall Plan
- NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
- The U.S. Presence in Latin America and the Middle East
- National Security Act
The Cold War Begins
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The Cold War in Asia
- The Chinese Civil War
- Dec. 1949: Nationalist government fled to Taiwan
- NSC-68
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The Cold War in Asia
- Halting Communist Aggression
- US public opinion supported intervention in Korea
- By 1950, North Korean forces occupied South Korea
- Seeking to Liberate North Korea
- 38th Parallel
- Forced to accept two Koreas
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Postwar Politics
- Truman and Liberalism
- “outdeal the New Deal”
- Fair Practices Employment Commission
- Taft-Hartley Act (1947)
- Truman’s veto
- To Secure These Rights (1947)
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- The 1948 Election
- Republicans had high expectations
- Dixiecrats
- Strom Thurmond
- Truman defeated Dewey
- Fair Deal
- Truman gave civil rights, and federal aid to education, a place on the national agenda
- Brannan Plan
Postwar Politics
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Cold War Politics
- The Red Scare
- House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)
- Joseph McCarthy
- Alger Hiss
- Soviet explosion of atomic bomb
- McCarran Internal Security Act
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- Joseph McCarthy and the Politics of Loyalty
- McCarthy emerged at the forefront of anti-Communist movement
- Ultimately challenged the Army
Cold War Politics
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Homecoming and Social Adjustments
- Rising Expectations
- By late 1945, 1.25 million GIs were returning home each month
- Levittowns
- Shelly v. Kraemer (1948)
- Veterans also expected their jobs back
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- From Industrial Worker to Homemaker
- Women found “fair employment” vanished
- Latinos and African Americans: Restrained Expectations
- Latinos
- LULAC
- African Americans
- Heightened degree of resistance to returning to old norms
Homecoming and Social Adjustments
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