Assignment 2: RA 2: Research Question and Literature Review

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Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 1

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 4

The Benefits and Harms of Breast Cancer Screening In Australia

Katie Lopez

Argosy University

Annotated Bibliography

Arleo, E. (2016). Risks And Benefits Of Breast Cancer Screening. Health Affairs, 35(3), 551-551.

Arleo (2016) argues that the decision of an individual undergoing screening to test for breast cancer is an issue that should be based on careful considerations especially on the benefits and harms that might occur during the process. According to the research, it is unethical to look more on the risks and look less on the benefits; therefore, women cannot look at their options carefully. Thus, they are struggling to look for a test that might save their lives.

Beemsterboer, P.M., Koning, H. J., Boer, R., Warmerdam, P.G., Swart, E., Dierks, M.L. & Robra, B. P. (1994). Prediction of the effects and costs of breast-cancer screening in Germany. International Journal of Cancer 58(5), 623-628.

Despite screening programs on breast cancer being currently introduced, the debate still prevails that if this is an appropriate policy or not especially within the European countries. Their research study Beemsterboer et al. (1994) made some evaluations on the influences as well as costs of a countrywide breast cancer-screening program by use of two regional pilot screening projects within Germany. The results show that breast cancer screening process reduces death rates of infected individuals.

Berndt, U., Leplow, B., Kantelhardt, E., & Thomssen, C. (2009). Cognitive Effects of Systemic Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer. Breast Care, 4(3), 177-182.

Most of the patients experiencing breast cancer seem to have more complications on concentration and memory problems in regards to the systemic therapy. According to Berndt, Leplow, Kantelhardt and Thomssen (2009) research, several studies have demonstrated impaired performance on patients who are undergoing chemotherapy. There is a condition of non-uniformity from the results in regards to profile, duration, and extent of cognitive impairments.

Grann, V. & Jacobson, J. (2000). Benefits and Costs of Genetic Screening for Breast Cancer. Community Genetics, 3(4), 190-192.

Research done by Grann and Jacobson (2000) argues that genetic testing for breast cancer is going to reach a point whereby it will be widely available to everyone in the near future. Nevertheless, there exist some principles concerning the evaluation of its benefits and costs, in a policy perspective view, that have not been described. There are several factors such as prevalence and penetrance, age at testing, and many others; that depend on benefit and costs of screening. According to the study’s conclusion, all these factors influence the health results concerning the public policy.

Grann, V. R., Whang, W., Jacobson, J. S., Heitjan, D. F., Antman, K. H. & Neugut, A. I. (1999). Benefits and costs of screening Ashkenazi Jewish Women for BRCA1 and BRCA2. Journal of Clinical Oncology 17(2), 494-499. http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/17/2/494

Grann et al. (1999) conducted research to determine the benefits as well as costs that are effective from screening process of Ashkenazi Jewish women for three specific breast cancer gene mutations. Conclusions from the study were that genetic screening for breast cancer would significantly raise the average survival, and this depends on the costs and strategies used in the screening process

Greif, J. (2010). Mammographic screening for breast cancer: An invited review of the benefits and costs. The Breast, 19(4), 268-272. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20371181

Mammographic screening is one of the best methods that have been provided for decreasing the rate of cancer mortality in women from 40 years and older, although the implementation of mammographic screening method remains controversial especially for women between 40-49 years (Greif, 2010). The author of this article uses an interview to make summaries of the obtained data and provides guidance in regards to the best information available for women at risk for breast cancer.

Hackshaw, A. (2012). The benefits and harms of mammographic screening for breast cancer: building the evidence base using service screening programmes. Journal Of Medical Screening, 19(Supplement 1), 1-2. http://msc.sagepub.com/content/

According to Hackshaw (2012) study, many countries have offered the method of mammographic screening for breast cancer as a section of the national health policy. The method was put to use after outcomes from large controlled attempts in a randomized selection showing that regular screening results to an important rate of breast cancer mortality reduction.

Hakama, M. & Hristova, L. (1997). Effects if screening for cancer in the Nordic countries on deaths, cost and quality of life up to the year 2017. Acta Oncol 36(9), 1-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9143316

Hakama and Hristova (1997) is a study that evaluates the effects if screening for cancer in the Nordic countries. The study argues that there is limited scientific evidence to prove that screening for breast cancer leads to a reduction in mortality.

Kim, S. & Kim, E. (2016). Benefits and Harms of Breast Screening: Focused on Updated Korean Guideline for Breast Cancer Screening. J Korean Soc Radiol, 74(3), 147.

As analyzed by Kim and Kim (2016), breast cancer is the second common malignancy mostly in women within Korea. The case has increased 1999 a time when the national screening program made up of mammography process began. The study has offered various benefits as well as dangers of using mammographic screening in breast cancer based on data obtained from meta-analysis, guidelines, and randomized trials.

Munhoz, A., Gemperli, R., & Filassi, J. (2010). Effects of breast cancer surgery and surgical side effects on body image over time. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 126(1), 261-262.

Munhoz, Gemperli, and Filassi (2010) argue that personal desires of a patient together with values are most important considerations often during the process of screening and surgical decision-making process. The researchers come to an agreement that the personal preferences of a patient should be kept into consideration for any treatment that involves screening and surgeries, however, it is of significance not to forget that various diseases such as breast cancer require screening and certain surgical treatments.

Park, I., Lee, K., & Ro, J. (2015). Effects of Second and Subsequent Lines of Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clinical Breast Cancer, 15(1), e55-e62.

Park, Lee, and Ro (2015) assessed the impact of chemotherapy regiments in their study beyond first-line agents that was based on clinical results in patients with negative metastatic breast cancer. Conclusions from the study were that the previous treatment efficacy significantly influenced the results of subsequent treatment. The researchers confirmed that the chemotherapy succession is a justified method in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Puliti, D., Miccinesi, G., Zappa, M., Manneschi, G., Crocetti, E., & Paci, E. (2012). Balancing harms and benefits of service mammography screening programs: a cohort study. Breast Cancer Research, 14(1), R9.

The application of screening mammography is still under hot discussion that lies in the medical community. In their study Puliti et al. (2012) defines a balance sheet of advantages, which are a reduction of mortality rate in breast cancer, and harms, which are over-diagnosis for the mammographic screening program. From the study, it is determined that the general cost to safe an individual’s life corresponds to the no more than one over-diagnosed tumor.

Rashidian, A., Barfar, E., Hosseini, H., Nosratnejad, S. & Barooti, E. (2013). Cost effectiveness of breast cancer screening using mammography: A systematic review. Iranian Journal of Public Health 42(4), 347-357. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3684720/

Rashidian et al. (2013) argue that the most effective cause of malignancy among women is the case of breast cancer. The study raises the argument that screening by the use of mammography is considered an effective intervention that is of significant in reducing deaths at the early stage led about by cancer.

Vahdat, L. T. & Roche, H. (2011). Treatment of metastatic breast cancer: Second line and beyond. Annal Oncol 22(5), 1000-1010.

A study from Vahdat and Roche (2011) illustrates that there is an increment in the use of standard chemotherapy mostly in taxane and anthracycline in regards to therapies in breast cancer at an early stage and has resulted to a corresponding increment in the pretreated as well as treated resistant cases of metastatic breast cancer. Therefore, the MBC therapy often includes the clinically challenging image of progressive disease as well as limited treatment options.

Wolff, A. (2015). PG 12.04 Long term side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer. The Breast, 24, S23-S24.

Screening together with adjuvant systemic therapy has been considered a critical aspect to the observed improvements in general survival and disease-free survival in breast cancer. Improvements done on general survival have already taken its position on therapy related toxicities, which can lead to death. Nevertheless, according to this research, this measure does not capture the influence on the quality of life related to health in an adequate manner.

References

Arleo, E. (2016). Risks And Benefits Of Breast Cancer Screening. Health Affairs, 35(3), 551-551.

Berndt, U., Leplow, B., Kantelhardt, E., & Thomssen, C. (2009). Cognitive Effects of Systemic Therapy in Patients with Breast Cancer. Breast Care, 4(3), 177-182.

Grann, V. & Jacobson, J. (2000). Benefits and Costs of Genetic Screening for Breast Cancer. Community Genetics, 3(4), 190-192.

Greif, J. (2010). Mammographic screening for breast cancer: An invited review of the benefits and costs. The Breast, 19(4), 268-272. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20371181

Hakama, M. & Hristova, L. (1997). Effects if screening for cancer in the Nordic countries on deaths, cost and quality of life up to the year 2017. Acta Oncol 36(9), 1-60. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9143316

Kim, S. & Kim, E. (2016). Benefits and Harms of Breast Screening: Focused on Updated Korean Guideline for Breast Cancer Screening. J Korean Soc Radiol, 74(3), 147.

Munhoz, A., Gemperli, R., & Filassi, J. (2010). Effects of breast cancer surgery and surgical side effects on body image over time. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 126(1), 261-262.

Park, I., Lee, K., & Ro, J. (2015). Effects of Second and Subsequent Lines of Chemotherapy for Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clinical Breast Cancer, 15(1), e55-e62.

Rashidian, A., Barfar, E., Hosseini, H., Nosratnejad, S. & Barooti, E. (2013). Cost effectiveness of breast cancer screening using mammography: A systematic review. Iranian Journal of Public Health 42(4), 347-357. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3684720/

Vahdat, L. T. & Roche, H. (2011). Treatment of metastatic breast cancer: Second line and beyond. Annal Oncol 22(5), 1000-1010.

Wolff, A. (2015). PG 12.04 Long term side effects of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer. The Breast, 24, S23-S24.