HUM 101 Homework needed by Monday. 2 x 50 questions each

Q1. By 1400, Europe had only _____________ percent of the population that it had had in 1300.    a. 20    b. 40    c. 60    d. 80 Q2. The scholarly endeavors of the humanists led them to do all of the following except    a. reject the Church.    b. gradually develop a sense of change and historicity.    c. study the Greek and Roman classics.    d. reject the medieval world view. Q3. The massive decline in Europe's population in the fourteenth century is mainly attributed to    a. the falling-off of mercantile trade.    b. religious wars.    c. the Black Death.    d. a scarcity of precious metals. Q4. Medieval society was essentially ________________.    a. agricultural.    b. urban.    c. mercantile.    d. secular. Q5. In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, Italian art for the first time attempted to    a. use religious symbols.    b. accurately represent nature.    c. imitate Byzantine art.    d. add new, exciting colors to the palette. Q6. The old city hall in Florence, the Palazzo Vecchio, reminds one of ______________ architecture.    a. Germanic    b. Gothic    c. Roman    d. Greek Q7. The painter who may be said to have inaugurated Renaissance art through his creation of new formal conventions was    a. Masaccio.    b. Giotto.    c. Donatello.    d. Brunelleschi. Q8. Most of Shakespeare's plays were performed in    a. the court of Elizabeth I.    b. the Swan Theater.    c. the Globe Theater.    d. Blackfriars. Q9. Which statement about the political philosophy of Machiavelli is incorrect?    a. According to Machiavelli, the morality of the ruler must differ from that of the private citizen.    b. Machiavelli believed that a republican form of government was the best.    c. Machiavelli believed that, given the many threats to Florence's independence, a strong ruler was necessary.    d. To Machiavelli, obedience to God was the most important quality in a ruler. Q10. The most important Spanish composer of the early sixteenth century was    a. Miguel Cervantes.    b. Cristobal de Morales.    c. Juan de Luna.    d. Philip of Toledo. Q11. The view of the city of Florence is dominated by the    a. Church of San Lorenzo.    b. Palazzo Vechio.    c. Church of Santa Croce.    d. Duomo. Q12. All of the following are works by Michelangelo except    a. David.    b. Dying Slave.    c. The Spearbearer.    d. The Last Judgment. Q13. In his Latin treatise, On Architecture, Leon Battista Alberti maintains that buildings should be considered in the following hierarchy of significance:    a. housing, churches, civic and mercantile structures.    b. civic and mercantile structures, churches, housing.    c. churches, civic and mercantile structures, housing.    d. housing, churches, banks. Q14. Alberti and Brunelleschi believed that the windows in a church should be placed high so that    a. maximum light could enter the building.    b. the stained glass would look as brilliant as possible.    c. worshippers would not be distracted by the outside world.    d. worshippers would be able to look up and contemplate heaven. Q15. The reason that some leaders banned polyphonic music in Church services was that polyphony    a. was frequently used to set Hebrew and pagan poetry to music.    b. made it difficult to understand what the singers were saying.    c. was also used in secular music.    d. originally came from the New World. Q16. The first of the Italian humanists is generally considered to be    a. Bruni.    b. Petrarch.    c. Cosimo de' Medici.    d. Pico della Mirandola. Q17. The Tempest begins with a    a. shipwreck.    b. street fight.    c. clandestine meeting.    d. meeting of two old friends. Q18. The humanists encouraged scientific inquiry by providing accurate texts of ancient philosophers and by    a. encouraging the study of nature rather than humans.    b. providing a new vision of human creative capacities.    c. emphasizing the study of language and rhetoric.    d. reinterpreting the ancients in the light of Christian knowledge. Q19. During the fourteenth century, which of the following schools of thought came under attack?    a. mysticism    b. scholasticism    c. monasticism    d. stoicism Q20. In his Oration on the Dignity of Man, Pico della Mirandola stresses    a. personal destiny.    b. creative free will.    c. material wealth.    d. predestination. Q21. The Italian fresco painter Giotto primarily    a. looked at nature for the source of his art.    b. painted ceremonial works.    c. copied the works of others.    d. painted interior scenes. Q22. A major difference between humanism and scholasticism was to be found in the former's emphasis on    a. memorizing key Scriptures.    b. knowledge of correct theological doctrine.    c. salvation in the afterlife.    d. guiding human conduct in this world. Q23. Raphael's work includes    a. The Grand Princess Sophia.    b. St. Francis in the Desert.    c. The Marriage of the Virgin.    d. St. Jerome in Agony. Q24. A key concept in Machiavelli's The Prince is virtu,    a. the character of a wise man.    b. the ability to measure oneself.    c. the ability to tell right from wrong.    d. the craftiness to judge friend from foe. Q25. To humanists, the capacity that distinguished humans from other animals was the ability to    a. reason.    b. express themselves in words.    c. walk upright.    d. distinguish between good and evil.

Q26. The works of Shakespeare mainly reflect ______________ culture.    a. Renaissance-Reformation    b. Protestant    c. classical    d. Judeo-Christian Q27. The _________________ (1648) brought the Thirty Years' War to a close.    a. Peace of Augsburg    b. Concordat of Worms    c. Treaty of Paris    d. Peace of Westphalia Q28. Leon Battista ____________ published On Painting in 1435.    a. Alberti    b. Donatello    c. Ghiberti    d. Masaccio Q29. Copernicus's work on the revolution of heavenly bodies    a. was dedicated to the king.    b. denied the concept of a finite universe.    c. put the concept of an omnipotent deity in question.    d. better explained the observed motion of the heavens. Q30. Leonardo regarded _____________ as the least of his skills.    a. architecture    b. botany    c. music    d. painting Q31. Which of the following, as an elitist academic body, became the right arm of the pope in the Counter-Reformation?    a. Loyalians    b. Cavaliers    c. Jesuits    d. Calvinists Q32. Raphael's paintings The Marriage of the Virgin and The School of Athens are alike in that both    a. compare Christianity and the philosophy of antiquity.    b. present a single figure against an idealized background.    c. rely on a classical presentation of the human nude form.    d. portray a group of figures in an idealized moment in time.

Q33. Newton's findings, published in his ______________, mark the high point of the seventeenth-century scientific revolution.    a. Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy    b. Leviathan    c. Discourse on Two New Sciences    d. New Organon Q34. Raphael's The School of Athens symbolizes the Renaissance desire to reconcile Christianity and    a. antiquity.    b. politics.    c. art.    d. philosophy. Q35. Erasmus believed that    a. faith alone led to salvation.    b. theological dogma was extremely important.    c. women could not benefit as much from learning as men could.    d. Christian belief should be reflected in one's conduct. Q36. Michel de Montaigne was one of the first Europeans to understand and portray the ___________ that the new travels and discoveries made possible.    a. geography    b. dangerous trends    c. trade possibilities    d. cultural relativism Q37. Raphael painted a masterful portrait of ______________ in 1517.    a. Cosimo de Medici    b. Henry VIII    c. Machiavelli    d. Pope Leo X Q38. The Age of Absolutism refers to the absolute control of the    a. Church.    b. army under its generals.    c. nobility.    d. monarchs. Q39. Petrarch grew up in _______________.    a. Florence.    b. France.    c. Milan.    d. England. Q40. All of the following are works by Michelangelo except    a. David.    b. Captive Slave.    c. The Spearbearer.    d. The Last Judgment. Q41. By the fourteenth century, Italy was different from northern Europe because of having a    a. larger proportion of clergy.    b. smaller number of people who were literate.    c. greater degree of urbanization.    d. lack of interest in politics among educated people. Q42. Leon Battista Alberti believed that perfection in architecture was achieved by emulating the geometric form of    a. the square.    b. the circle.    c. the rectangle.    d. both the square and the circle. Q43. The first monumental male nude since antiquity was Michelangelo's    a. Moses.    b. Captive Slave.    c. David.    d. Bound Slave. Q44. The Renaissance of 1350 to 1500 was dominated by    a. Italy.    b. France.    c. Spain.    d. England. Q45. Martin Luther's views differed from those of the Church on several issues. Which of the following statements reflects one of Luther's beliefs?    a. Through good works, one can earn a place in heaven.    b. No human can cooperate with God in his or her own salvation.    c. Religious truths can be established by reason alone.    d. Music should not be used in church services. Q46. ________________ was one of the first European thinkers to show an awareness of cultural relativism in his writings.    a. Montaigne    b. Luther    c. Erasmus    d. Calvin Q47. Niccolò Machiavelli's work deals with the problems central to any political thinker, the conflict between    a. liberty and trade.    b. church and state.    c. men and women.    d. liberty and order. Q48. The theoretician Alberti believed that beauty resulted from the creation of    a. maximum ornamentation.    b. a harmonious whole.    c. imitations of medieval models.    d. a sense of space and height. Q49. The principle goal of Jesuit educational systems was to    a. bring the believer to a higher state of religious awareness by disciplining the will.    b. teach the believer how to discover and discipline heretics.    c. convert Jews, Muslims, and pagans to Catholicism.    d. bring Protestants back into the Catholic Church by teaching them Catholic theology. Q50. "The morality of the successful ruler is unlike that of the private citizen." Machiavelli would have    a. totally disagreed with the above statement.    b. wholly supported the above statement.    c. agreed with the above statement only with regard to ancient Rome.    d. exiled anyone who made such a statement.