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Table of Contents Background Information 2 The Proposed Program 4 Demographic characteristics of the school district 4 Student Enrollment 5 Number of schools 6 The Disaggregated data of enrollment in percentage 7 Enrollment Disaggregated data (%) 7 Conceptual Framework: 9 Fiscal, Human, and Political Resources Necessary to Implement the Curriculum 10 The Proposed Project 11 Collaborate 12 Communicate 12 Create 13 Coordinate/Curate 13 Implications of the Proposed Project 14 Timeline for implementation 15 Anticipated Obstacles for the Proposed Curriculum 15 Evaluating the Effectiveness of the Proposed Curriculum 16 Policy Implications of the Curricular Proposal 16 Reference 17 Appendix 21

In this proposal, use of smart phone is the most contemporary trend or issue that affects curriculum or instruction in the district school programs. According to the normal trends of education, the use of smart phones in schools is barrier to instruction or counseling. In many parts of the California State, the problem is a significant effect that may cause a resistance towards the school programs of instruction (Ruzic-Baf, 2016).

The reason as to why it is important enough to propose this curricular program is to explain how use of smart phone in classroom by students affects education, which focuses on this proposal. This an issue that requires stakeholders to address on as serious matter that use of cellular phones by students in the education centers is one of the early problems that distract the scholars by call making and text messaging. Although the other technology gadgets as laptops and computers can attend the same activity that smartphone can handle, the device is easily portable hence making its use at any point of the school easy (Ruzic-Baf, 2016).

As posted in Trend in Ed, 50% of the students own smartphones, an issue that district heads of education discourages at the first day of class. Teachers and professors talks about this trend to in order to consider it in syllabus programs thus to eradicate the consequences of first transgression, that may occur due to unawareness of the effects. The phone can do anything at any point of the school and that disrupts the normal control of students by the administration. Smartphone allows the students to text and interact on social media and other human interaction networking sites like MySpace, Facebook, and Twitter. They also handle online activities like watching movies, television, playing games and checking e-mails. These technological events reaching the scholars through the Smartphone, extremely distracts their attention and their fellow students who may not afford this gadget. Moreover, this influence the entire class due to emerging issues form technology.

In addition, the particular system of instruction, the students may cheat in their exams hence making the testing invalid. They access information from the online in crowded classroom. The students also exchange unusual information during the classroom that may lure the social life of other students. Use of advanced smartphone applications like calculators, snapshots of exam papers, and reading notes from internet are also part of impact. Smartphones have abilities to handle some multimedia activities like video recording and taking pictures. In case an instance occurs, in the classroom, students may record it and upload to the internet and that may cause social damage of the school.

The Proposed Program

Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) is among the largest school in United States. It consist a large number of students. Los Angeles Unified School District is the second largest public school district in United States in California State according to public school system. This is after the New York City Department of Education that has the larger population of students. The school of Los Angeles Unified School District served more students by the year of 2008, they were approximately 694,288, and 45,473 teachers with 38,494 subordinate staffs. The school is the second largest employer in largest county. The government is the largest employer. The total operating budget for the school district between the years 2012-2013 is $6.78 billion. LAUSD has an independent police force and it is the founder of the school hence providing the police services to the school.

This school registers a third of Los Angeles county preschoolers. Los Angeles Unified School district operates many buses in the metropolitan county under transport Authority. They also own the cafeterias that make sales of about 500,000 meals per day. Los Angeles Unified School District has a meaningful reputation that is crowded with the huge sizes of classrooms, high rate of expulsion and consistency number of the dropouts. It faces some other sensitive challenges like poor administration due to lack sufficient management.

However, it experience poor performance in the academic affairs in most of their operating years. The low performance may be due to the incompetent staff and poor maintenance of discipline, but by the year 2007, a significant improvement occurred during graduation and drop out time. At the same time, a good program there was initiative of renovation of students’ ambition that eradicated the crowding conditions, this included the two, and four high schools in the in years 2004 and 2005 consecutively.

Student Enrollment

According to 1963 lawsuit in Crawford and Board of Ed of Los Angeles end the saga in the district. The Supreme Court of California verdict was to push the district to come up with a plan in 1977. At the end the board went to court to appeal the whereby a year later they described student reassignment in the nation if not the most drastic mandatory plan. By 1978, become the year of implementing the developed plan of desegregation in the school of LAUSD. In order to obtain the best results in the proposal, the school selection in on basis of the poor performance in the various disaggregates complex. This is the high school feeder patterns in every solid district. The below table explains the number of students and schools in the entire district. This give the disaggregate information that certifies the program test. The enrollment is for the operational data as given per district enrollment.

Table 1

There is also description of school by number of disaggregate type. Los Angeles Unified School district consist district wide democratic context in nature. The school describes this in terms of ethnicity, meal program that takes part in distinct ways, gender, and number of students as well as English learner status. Only 40% of the population is eligible for meal, Hawaiian and Islanders of Pacific, Whites, Filipino, and Asians are 1.4%, 3.8%, 3.3%, 1.4% consecutively. There is also the second group that shows the same demographics that include; the summer and program schools with low percentage set for meal. The lowest performing local district has higher percentage of Africa American Students than other races with the highest percentage eligible for meal. That is 23.1% are African American and lowest Hispanic include 76.5% thus giving the meal program to 51.2% of the students population (Black-Fuller, 2016).

Table 2 shows the number of Schools and Students and the performing subgroups at low grade.

Table 2

Meal Program 40.4% 44.6% 46.1% 51.2%

Therefore, the schools contain the given proportional size of selection that is determined by the enrollment of students. The number of schools by disaggregated type are elementary (40), Middle (30), and high (20).

The Current curricular programs in place in the district that are relevant to the curriculum you are proposing are the district-wide strategic plan in the aspect of programming. The plan designation is aiming at provision of training gears that will support the mathematics and science teachers. The resources will make them to perform direct. The other curricular program in the district is the reflective of systematic change that uses the measure of the standard in mathematics and science to impact the students district-wide. They use specific students’ indicators to monitor the changes like inquiry for central monitoring point (Sung, 2016).

The curriculum developer from the seminal critical theory of derives critical review of relevant current research and curriculum theory Ernesto Laclau “Rhetorical Foundation of Society”. The author brings together some information that has perspective development in Laclau and Mouffe’s classic Hegemony and the strategy of social humanity. This grows the tri-principals direction that first explains the social antagonism relationship. The extension is distributed by the writer and show how the growing crucial issue in the today’s world. He explains further to the society and describes hoe the point of rupture is eroding binding the core aspect “the proliferation of conflicts”, due to social analysis from classical issue, the social subject postulated rigorously (Sung, 2016).

The second part of understanding how the seminal deem in ontological terrain leads human kind to understand the nature of social relations in our heterogeneous world. According to Laclan, a theoretical instrument that a man scoops from analytical philosophy, the traditional structure and in the logical ware of phenomenon give a sense to address a situation. The rhetorical tropes- metaphorical or metonymy as well as catachresis from the author are tables the central focus as the core drills on shaping the non-foundational base of the society.

The vantage point(s) through which you view the trend or issue is all about maintaining the philosophy of education with approaches to instruction; this course gives variety of pedagogical ways like using of group discussion, reflective-in both presentation and writing and introspection that will create the realism in rhetorical basics of the society under critical thinking as human foundation. Stockwell (2016) explains the observation and evaluation procedure will eradicate the metaphor of the non-functional relationship and install the truth, idealism, education, and reality. The theory will give the best way to accept the nature of social relations in our heterogeneous world. At all direction the framework will mark the on investigation and discover the contemporary schools and their roles social roles through; historical, political, social, economic, philosophical, and aspects of culture in order to understand the way they influence the curriculum set.

Stockwell (2016) explains how to attain this phenomenon, the investigators, and curriculum developers will need to evaluate the ethical, legal, and professional roles of the teachers who will handle this curriculum in future. Therefore, it is important to discover the core values that fit and reflect their influential values and beliefs that will change the democratic feeling in the society. This because, the rhetorical deem outguns the wrong terrain that may lead into the wrong path in the society. In connection to this concept, it is good to enable the system to have self-Examining of the dubious presence of behaviorism in the classroom. The same purpose of understanding the classical humanity trend, it makes teaching to create a space in which obedience to truth by the scholars is practiced in the right way. Therefore, the issue should become a mechanism through social selection perspective. This will determine the core influence of the curriculum.

The students who will participate in the curriculum were social and emotional during the test. Due to social influence, the classwork becomes unmanageable within the allocated time thus forcing the students use the smartphone to recover the time. They also focus on the good grades in their tests during the exam period and this is attainable through technology integration as explained by most participants. In his suggestion, Wilkinson (2016) the classroom technology is very low and insufficient to cover the needs of the students technologically and create education equity. For instance, this will affect the student who cannot afford the smartphone since he or she faces the real exam handling rather than the “small technologist who may cheat in exams”. The students who took part in this curriculum also demonstrate the loopholes in classroom management by teachers. They need preplanning of curriculum too. It is now a prove form them that smartphones are inevitable in schools.

According to Duckworth, (2016) the curriculum will require various resources in order to complete the entire system. This will help the existing to merge classically with the new curriculum. The Curriculum will need finance for training the teachers and creating training facilities. The funds also will pay commuting of the participants of the curriculums. Additionally, the finance facilities will compensate the connections and disconnection services of the internet in the schools hence control the class. The fiscal facilities may buy laptop facilities for the students in order to create a new culture of not using the smart phones. The human resource includes teachers who train the curriculum and in turn, they teach the students. However, they act as mediators and links between the students and the other stakeholders. Technicians will also involve in repairing the new set of technological control gadgets in case of fail or system tolerance in school. The internet service provider is the most important stakeholder, who binds with the policy from the government and according to the regulation of the programs. The ISP will also give the best consultation concerning the curriculum. The students are the target of change and the precursors of the emerging curriculum. System engineers will provide the best solution to the existing system and allow the accommodation of change.

These resources will be easily obtained from the offenders against the growing issue, government and, contribution from the society members. The set team of experts will come up will implementation criteria that will apply to overall units of the curriculum. The set use of the resource will enable a successful program of the curriculum Wilkinson, (2016). 

The proposed project, dubbed “Redefining the use of smartphone” will focus on training the selected students on the possible ways of using the smartphone as a learning tool as opposed to the current destructive uses. The underlying argument in this case is that with a sound class management, it is possible to use both ordinary as well as smartphones to enhance the entire process of learning. This proposed project will develop a training program called the “4 Cs”. In this case, “4Cs” stands for the use of smartphones to Communicate, Coordinate, Collaborate and Create. Therefore, the training program, which the schools ought to implement in 4 phases, will have the four sections respectively.

Table outlines in detail the components of each part of the training.

The programs will cut across different stakeholders like teachers, the students involved, and the parents. The teachers involved would require some initial professional development training to make them conversant with the program. In a different score, the schools’ managements ought to notify the parents of the students involved to avoid unnecessary legal complications regarding the involvement of the selected students without their parents ‘consent.

The proposed redefining of the use of smartphones in classroom will imply improvement in the entire learning system, new modes of delivering, more interactive learning process, and easy communication. With the shift from the current destructive ways of using the smartphone to the constructive use smartphone as a learning tool, the implication is that students will spent more time reading, thus overall improvement in the learning process. On a different score, teachers will have more options of passing information to students, they will as well have more opportunity to interact with students even outside school, and above all, communication will be smoother. However, the proposed project might receive some resistance from a section of the students who are used the normal social aspect of the smartphone.

The schools will implement the proposed project in four phases over a period of Four months. Table 3 outlines the implementation plan.

Being a new curriculum, anticipating obstacles is inevitable in the sense that there will be a shift in use of the smartphones from the normal social aspect to a learning tool. For instance, the process of selecting participants might be an obstacle in the sense that most of the students might not be willing to engage in the program. Similarly, some of the instructors might find it difficult changing their mode of delivery from the normal face to face to include the use of smartphones as a learning tool.

As outlined in the proposed implementation plan, each phase will take the last week of the month to evaluate the performance and the effectiveness of the programs. This will be through observing the selected students practically use the outlined tools in the training. However, the schools will contact an overall evaluation exercise after the proposed 4 phases to access the use of the 4Cs outlined in the project. The schools would make a detailed observation of the number of students using the tools, the commonly used tools, the least used tools, and any notable shift in the overall learning culture after the project.

A successful implementation of the proposed project based on the various evaluation sessions will prompt a change in policy in relation to the use of smartphones in classroom by students and teachers. Since the ministry will implement the project on selected students on selected schools, its success will imply a change of the education policy to cover the whole district. However, if the proposed project were not successful, it would be important to get back to the drawing board and check an alternative solution to the issue.

Reference

Black-Fuller, L., Taube, S., Koptelov, A., & Sullivan, S. (2016). Smartphones and Pedagogy:

Digital Divide Between High School Teachers and Secondary Students. 

US-China Education Review, 6(2), 124-131.

Duckworth, A. L., White, R. E., Matteucci, A. J., Shearer, A., & Gross, J. J. (2016).

A stitch in time: Strategic self-control in high school and college students. 

Journal of Educational Psychology, 108(3), 329.

Ruzic-Baf, M., Keteles, V., & Debeljuh, A. (2016). Use of Smartphones in 6th and 7th Grade

(Elementary Schools) in Istria: Pilot Study. World Academy of Science, Engineering and

Technology, International Journal of Social, Behavioral, Educational, Economic,

Business and Industrial Engineering, 10(3), 634-637.

Stockwell, G. (2016). Mobile language learning. The Routledge Handbook of Language

Learning and Technology, 296.

Sung, Y. T., Chang, K. E., & Liu, T. C. (2016). The effects of integrating mobile devices

with teaching and learning on students' learning performance:

A meta-analysis and research synthesis. Computers & Education, 94, 252-275.

Wilkinson, S., & Wilkinson, S. (2016). U.S. Patent No. 20,160,062,977.

Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Appendices

Appendix 1: Google Form

Please make sure you edit your own comments. Think about it. How bad does it look if you are critiquing someone's essay but have misspelled words and grammatically incorrect sentences also? As always...edit, edit, edit.

Top of Form

What is YOUR assigned number?

What is the assigned number written on the paper you are assessing?

Please review the student's thesis statement. After reviewing, please validate the overall clarity and strength of this sentence. If the thesis statement is weak and unclear, please suggest how it may be improved.

Please rate the thesis statement.

· 1=Awful; incoherent and unclear; needs reworking totally

· 2=Poor; an attempt at a thesis statement is evident, however, the statement hardly works as a foundational point

· 3=Average; nothing special about this thesis statement; the average student writes a thesis of this caliber

· 4="Now, this is good!"; this thesis statement is thought-provoking and, with further work, has great potential

· 5=Just about perfect; this is an upper level thesis statement; in fact, I don't know many students who write thesis statements so strongly; awesome

What are the student's strongest supporting details in the body of the paper? (Use line numbers for reference.) Please explain with details.

Rate the student's ability to write specifically based on the prompt.

· 1=Awful

· 2=Poor

· 3=Average

· 4=Good

· 5=Awesome