Chemicals

1) An ionic or covalent compound that is used commercially in the form of a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called a:

solvent.

solute.

solution.

substance.

2) The spread of fire from the ground floor to an upper floor of a building is primarily due to heat transfer by __________ and __________.

3) The Global Harmonization System of Classification and Labeling of Chemical Substances (GHS) has been adopted by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Department of Transportation (DOT).

a. Describe what GHS is.

b. In your opinion, what are the benefits and drawbacks of this system?

Your response must be at least 200 words in length.

4) This is a two-part question: Part 1: Methanol and toluene are flammable liquids whose vapor pressures at 68ºF (20ºC) are 96 and 22 mmHg, respectively. Based solely on this data, determine which compound poses the greater risk of fire and explosion at 68ºF (20ºC). Explain your choice. In general, discuss how vapor pressure affects the volatility of a liquid? Part 2: If the liquid in Part 1 is transferred into a container for transportation, why does DOT require that the container not be filled to the brim? Discuss your answer. Your total response to Part 1 and Part 2 must be at least 200 words in length.

5) A chlorine manufacturing company offers a rail carrier 2700 lb (1227 kg) of liquefied compressed chlorine for transportation contained in a ton-container.

a. Describe how this rail carrier will comply with DOT transportation requirements.

b. Provide at least two examples to demonstrate the corrosive nature of chlorine gas.

Your total response must be at least 200 words in length.

6) Liquid oxygen (LOX) is used in the aerospace industry, steel industry, electric power plants, and hospitals.

a. A hospital is installing their own bulk oxygen system due to their large volume of consumption. OSHA regulation 29 CFR 1910.104(b)(2)(iii) requires owners of bulk oxygen systems to provide noncombustible surfacing in areas where liquid oxygen might leak during operation of the system or during the filling of a storage container. If the hospital provides an asphalt surface in areas where oxygen could potentially leak, will they be in compliance? Explain your answer.

b. In a another scenario, what actions should an emergency-response crew take to protect lives, property, and the environment at a collision scene involving separate spills of liquid oxygen and automobile fuel?

Your total response must be at least 200 words in length.

7) Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is FALSE?

		There are three allotropes of oxygen: GOX, LOX, and ozone.
		LOX is cryogenic oxygen.
		Gaseous oxygen under increased pressure is called hyperbaric oxygen.
		Industrial facilities that use large quantities of oxygen often store it as the cryogenic liquid