Week 5 COM
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com_111_week_5.pptxPrinciples of Communication
Unit 5
Chapter 5
Nonverbal Communication
Studying Nonverbal Communication
There are several different ways to examine nonverbal communication
Kinesics
Paralanguage
Proxemics
Haptics
Olfactics
Chronemics
Clothing, Appearance, and Artifacts
Analogic and Digital
Analogic Communication- Nonverbal Communication
Partly unconscious.
Perceived as more honest.
Digital Communication- Verbal Communication
Putting thoughts into a linear form.
Kinesics
Studying body movement
Five Categories
Emblems- hand gestures with direct literal verbal translations
Illustrators- movements that accompany speech acts.
Check out this link- A World of Gestures
Affect Displays- facial displays of emotion
Regulators- behaviors and actions that govern, direct, or manage conversation
Adaptors- actions that satisfy physiological or psychological needs
Paralanguage
Vocal Qualities
Pitch, rhythm, tempo, articulation, and resonance of voice
Vocalizations
Laughing, crying, sighing, clearing the throat
Ums, ahs, uhs. (Example)
Silence- The absence of sound…not of communication.
Can communicate agreement, apathy, awe, contemplation, confusion, or a number of other ideas and emotions
Silence- in a classroom if I ask “Shall we move on?”
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Proximics
The study of the perception and use of space.
Territoriality – How space communicates messages. The space can be permanent or temporary.
Territoriality also has to do with how you lay out space.
Personal Space – Edward Hall (1959) – We exist in a in an invisible “bubble” of personal space.
Amount of personal space varies from culture to culture
Permanent space – a house
Temporary space watching a parade
Space feng shui in a house – the design of a city
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Physical Distance in North America (Hall, 1959)
| Type of Space | Distance | Description | Voice |
| Intimate | Touching to 18” | Private situations with people who are emotionally close. If others invade this space, we feel threatened. | Whisper |
| Personal | 18” to 4’ | THe lower end is “handshake” distance – the distane most couples stand in public. | Soft Voice |
| Casual | 4’ to 12’ | The lower end is the distance between salespeople and customers and between people who work together in business | Full Voice |
| Public | > 12’ | Situations such as teaching in a classroom or delivering a speech | Loud Voice |
From Jandt, 2010
Haptics
Haptics is tactile communication, or the use of touch.
Different cultures have rules about touch between people and where touch is appropriate.
The U.S. has an extremely low rate of touch per hour – about 2. Other cultures may touch upwards of 40 times per hour (or more!)
Olfactics
Olfactics is communication via smell.
Includes scents and also the chemical smells of pheromones, which are linked to fear, hunger and sexual attraction.
Cultures have varying rules on body odor. In the U.S. we send a lot of money to mask our scent.
Smells that take you back somewhere.
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Chronemics
Chronemics is the study of the use of time.
How we describe time relays information about culture.
The Gregorian calendar year is what is used in Western countries and has become the international standard.
There are about 40 different calendars in the world today.
Linearity of time
Maya calendart
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Clothing/Appearance/Artifacts
The close we wear and how we present ourselves conveys meaning.
Dress differs across the world.
May reflect microcultural or subgroup identities.
Our artifacts (stuff) communicate information as well. What we have in our houses/offices/etc. tells other people about our likes/dislikes, taste, background, and culture. Link
