Literature Review

introduction :

Saudi Arabia has a good financial capability,but schools are weak in using technology.. Why?There are many reasons why the use of technology is not suitable. Perhaps the most important reasons is lack of training. My experience is about sixteen years in education has not brought any training course regarding training in the use of technology in education. From here we can know another reason behind this problem is the lack of awareness about the importance of technology in education. So my project that I choose, is to do a training course for the elementary school teachers in Saudi Arabia , and to be trained on the most important technological tools in education , which is how can edit an educational video. Educational video is an effective means specially for the elementary school. I got a lot of information from my target (teachers) through the survey and focus group , that gave me a clear view about what is supposed to be in the content and what are the tools that should be used in the training . . So I hope at the end of the course the teachers be able to use the video and make them capable of creativity in teaching students.In this context, I will discuss using technology of several related aspects of my final project (training course for elementary school teachers on the use of educational video editing), where I will address the importance of technology in the modern world, the teachers need for training , and the impact of using educational video.

The use of technology in education is important at the present time. Also, most education scholars concede that the use of technology in education has contributed to raising the level of performance of students.The rapid development of technology in all areas, easily manageable, and the possibility of getting it , that make it necessary to enter into the educational process as a means of stimulating the development of education in general. Ciprian, Marian , and Corina said in their article :Contributions to Using IT in Education: An Educational Video Player . How the development of technology raise the intensity of use it "The development of Information Technologies and the increase in access to such technologies, led an increase in their current use in the learning process”. Educational problems are many and complex . In the previous the solutions to some of the problems were temporarily. Upon entry of technology in education began to appear suitable solutions for a number of difficult issues that facing the teacher and the learner . The use of technology has become a solution to the many problems that have not been able traditional method well resolved. Kussmaul; Dunn; Bagley; Watnik said in their article :Using Technology in Education: When and Why, Not How.What , That the using of technology became clear role to provide a high level of services for many students , who need special care , as well as it will give the teachers a perfect environment to do their work in effective way.”technology offers increased opportunity to students with handicaps, it can link teachers and students separated by distance, and it can help overcome financial or logistic limitations.”. All of this gives us an overview of the role of technology in the educational process. The use of technology requires spending huge amounts of money to be provided. This makes it somewhat troubling. It can be accepted if the outputs are compatible with those of large sums of money that have been spent to find a technological means. The other thing is the willingness of teachers to use these technologies. Many studies have addressed the importance of teacher training along with the technological means before starting out.

The teacher is the main focus in the educational process. We could not get a good education without a good teacher no matter how available to us all the modern means. Always the teacher needs to continuously develop due to the evolution of teaching methods. Ming Shiue (2007) said in his article “ Investigating the Sources of Teachers' Instructional Technology Use Through the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior”. It is important that there is a correlation and homogeneity between the teachers and the computers to achieve more effectively in the use of technology . The author considered of this interdependence is a prerequisite for the use of teachers of technology. He also mentioned a number of negative attitudes that affect teacher performance when using technology.” Researchers found teachers’ negative attitudes toward computers appear to be related to a lack of self-confidence, anxiety, and difficulty in using computers. These attitudes greatly influence teachers’ effective implementation of technology in classrooms “. From this vision is clear to us the importance of training before starting to use the technology. Train teachers to deliver lessons by using technology requires considerable effort to find out their needs and abilities. He also says through research that the teachers have a desire to deal with the technology, but they do not have sufficient skills to use it .In the article: Why Is Teacher Development Important?: Because Students Deserve the Best by Edutopia Team, the authors said : that the teacher is the determining factor for the success of the students, so ,it must take the greatest interest and prepared well through systematized training to make them able to use the technology effectively . “ research shows that an inspiring and informed teacher is the most important school-related factor influencing student achievement, so it is critical to pay close attention to how we train and support both new and experienced educators ”. When we look at the need to use technology , we must look to the ability of its users. For example, when we want to use educational video, can we ask the teacher to do it without training? .Of course no, so there are several stages must precede the use of technology, so there are no consequences were not considered .

From the beginning we talked about the importance of using technology generally and the ability to change the reality of education. Here are will discuss the educational video technology as the most important tool we can activate it in the classroom. Educational video facilitates the learning process effectively and quick. In the article : Effective educational videos, by Brame, finds the most prominent of teaching aids that have a direct role in helping teachers to deliver information and instilled in the minds of students, and this is shown by many studies on the subject of educational video. Stanic (2014) in his article: Why you should add video to your teaching? was based on the cognitive theory of the importance of using graphics and images that make the student more interactive. Also, the visual view helps to memorize and remember better . This is will be achieved directly by video. And Kussmaul; Dunn; Bagley; Watnik was also agreed with Stanic in their article in terms of the impact of the use of video on learner “ that information obtained visually is more memorable. In addition, the result for retention supports Jonassen, Peck, and Wilson’s [13] argument that stories presented via video can also help learners easily remembers the content in comparison with expository materials “. They also suggested that learning based on the linguistic aspect is less influential than learning based on the visual side. As well as they discussed that the world around the child is full of technology, so must educational style is compatible with this technological change so that accepted dramatically by students.