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Rasmussen College

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This paper is being submitted on March 19, 2013, for John Smith’s G124 English Composition course.

Title of Paper

With a prevalence of up to 10%, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrinopathy in reproduction age women (Goodarzi,2011). First acknowledged in 1935; PCOS was described as a clustering of symptoms including enlarged ovaries,obesity, hirsutism, and chronic anovulation. Now it is diagnosed based on the presence of the following conditions: clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularities, and the presence of polycystic ovaries (Bernier,2012). PCOS is a condition in which a woman’s levels of the sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone are not stable (Herndon,2015).

Doctors are not sure of what causes polycystic ovary syndrome but think these factors may play a role: excess insulin, low-grade inflammation, and heredity. Insulin is the hormone produced by the pancreas that allows cells to use sugar or glucose as your body's primary energy supply (Mayoclinic). If the body is insulin resistance, your capability to use insulin efficiently is impaired, and your pancreas has to secrete more insulin to make glucose available to cells. Excess insulin might also affect the ovaries by increasing androgen production, which may interfere with the ovaries' ability to ovulate (Mayoclinic). This then has an impact on a woman’s ability to reproduce as well as have a normal sex life.

References

Bernier, D. (2012). Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Pathogenesis, health consequences, and treatment of PCOS in relation to insulin resistance. University of New Hampshire.

Goodarzi, M., Dumesic, D., Chazenbalk, G., & Azziz, R. (2011, April). Polycystic ovary syndrome:etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis [Online forum post]. Retrieved from http://www.nature.com/nrendo/journal/v7/n4/full/nrendo.2010.217.html

Herndon, J. (2015, August 3). Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (S. Kim, Ed.). Retrieved from

http://www.healthline.com/health/polycystic-ovary-disease#Overview1