How did the role and responsibilities of the federal government change during the Progressive Era and the New Deal?

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Reconstruction: High Hopes and Shattered Dreams, 1865-1877

Chapter 15

Presidential Reconstruction

  • Republican War Aims
  • Radical Republicans sought political and civil rights for emancipated African Americans and punishment of the South
  • Moderate Republicans disagreed
  • Lincoln’s Approach to Reconstruction: “With Malice Toward None”
  • Abolishing Slavery Forever: The Thirteenth Amendment

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  • Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction
  • Similar to Lincoln’s plan
  • Authorized constitutional conventions in states not yet reconstructed
  • Followed by elections and restoration to the Union
  • Former Confederates won state office
  • Black Codes
  • Ku Klux Klan

Presidential Reconstruction

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Congressional Reconstruction

  • Challenging Presidential Reconstruction: The Civil Rights Act of 1866
  • Expanded federal power
  • Restricted states
  • Defining Citizenship: The Fourteenth Amendment

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  • Radicals in Control
  • Moderate Republicans supported new Radical Republican measures:
  • Military Reconstruction Act of 1867
  • Command of the Army Act
  • Tenure of Office Act
  • Johnson faced impeachment

Congressional Reconstruction

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Freedom and the Legacy of Slavery

  • Defining the Meaning of Freedom
  • Former slaves achieved their freedom in different ways
  • Expressions of freedom took many forms
  • Creating Communities
  • African Americans created their own institutions after war’s end
  • Freedmen’s Bureau

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  • Land and Labor in the Post-War South
  • Sharecropping

  • The White South: Confronting Change
  • Poorer whites
  • Black codes
  • Violence

Freedom and the Legacy of Slavery

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  • Political Terrorism and the Election of 1868
  • Republicans nominated Grant

  • Voting Rights and Civil Rights
  • 15th Amendment
  • Did not please everyone
  • Southern violence against black voters remained a serious problem
  • Civil Rights Act of 1875

Freedom and Legacy of Slavery

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Black Reconstruction

  • The Republican Party in the South
  • Able to vote, blacks affiliated with the Republican party
  • Carpetbaggers
  • Scalawags
  • All 3 groups sought to modernize the South

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  • Creating an Educational System and Fighting Discrimination
  • States created public schooling
  • Discriminated
  • State Reconstruction governments attempted to prohibit discrimination and protect civil rights
  • Republicans sought to stimulate economic development
  • Political corruption

Black Reconstruction

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The End of Reconstruction

  • “The New Departure” and the 1872 Presidential Election
  • Disagreements among Democrats

  • The Politics of Terror: The “Mississippi Plan”
  • Democrats began returning to power
  • Mississippi Plan

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  • The Troubled Presidential Election of 1876
  • Issues
  • Corruption
  • Reform
  • Compromise of 1877

  • After Reconstruction
  • Redeemers
  • Southern view of Reconstruction

The End of Reconstruction

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