Read FULLY and DO NOT Waste My Time or Yours!!!!

Biology140 Prof.Edwards

PrescriptionDrugsandHerbsandSupplementsLab

Go to thefollowingwebaddress: http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/default.htm Bottomleftclickon: Consumers under “ResourcesforYou” ThenClickon: Part ADietarySupplements PartBApprovedDrugs FinallyClickon: Part A Taintedproductsmarketedasdietarysupplementspotentiallydangerous TaintedBodyBuildingProducts TaintedSexualEnhancementProducts TaintedWeight LossProducts PartB HowFDAEvaluatesDrugs FAQsabout theFDADrugApprovalProcess Everythingyoualwayswanted toknowabout approvedmedicines(but didn't knowwhereto look)

Student responsibility: Your jobasaresearchscientist istovisityour local groceryordrugstoreanddocument(3)dietarysupplements and(3)over thecounter FDAapproveddrugs. Use theaboveFDAlinkstoexplain your findings. Explain the

claimsof (3)dietarysupplementsandif youthinkthoseclaimsarelegitimate, unreasonableorunhealthy. Explain theclaimsof (3)drugsand theirsideeffectsandif youthinkthosesideeffectswarrant thebenefitsof the

drug. Youwill composeareport followingthebelowguidelines. Youwill giveanintroductiondiscussingthe

differencebetweensupplementsandFDAapproveddrugs. Documentyourmaterialsandmethodsof retrieval of information. Thenexplain your resultsfrom theinformationcollected. Finally,writeyour

conclusion/discussiontoexplain your research.

LABORATORYWRITE-UP:

Laboratory reportswill bewritten on an individual basis, andwill follow abasic journal article format: Introduction/Objective,Materials andMethods, Results andDiscussion. Be sure to include citations where appropriate. Laboratory write-upsmust be turned in by the beginning of the following laboratory session to avoid a late penalty.

Guidelines: 1.All lab reportsmustmeet the basic requirements: beword-processed, and include citations where appropriate. Reports should be double-spaced,while figure or table legends should be single-spaced. Pages should be numbered (top right corner). 2. Reports should be stapled. Do not use paper clips. Loose pages, or pageswith no name,will not be graded. 3.Units: Be sure to include any relevant units in both the text write-up and in figures or tables.

4.Verb tense: Use past tense when reporting your own current findings, and thepresent tense when discussing the publishedwork of others. Therefore, the Introduction will bewritten in the present tense, while the Materials andMethods, andResults andDiscussion sectionswill bewritten in the past tense. This is in keeping with scientific traditionwhere published data is considered to be part of the existing theoretical framework, while new data (your experiments) are not yet considered established knowledge.

Report Format: Each lab report will include the following sections: Introduction/Objective, Materials andMethods, Results, andDiscussion.

1. Introduction/Objective: This section should provide a general background, so that the reader can understand the question being addressed in the experiment. This is the time to orient the reader to the problemwith a short review of the current literature, and then explain the reasons for the particular experiment. This should lead the reader to the objective or purpose (objective) of the experiment being conducted.

2.Materials andMethods: In this section, you should describe how the experiment wasperformed, including equipment and supplies used. Bespecific. Include namesofmaterials, equipment, and reagents, alongwith equipment settings or reagent doses used in each portion of the experiment. Include any other informationwhich is necessary for successful completion of the experiment. For example, include incubation times and temperatures, description of experimental diets, descriptions of controls, etc. This section should be in paragraph form; do not give a numbered outline.

If youare using a procedure or protocol that has been previously used and described by another investigator, it is commonpractice to briefly describe the procedure or setup, and then reference the previously publishedwork. This is particularly important if you are adding to, or changing, the previous protocol.

3.Results: This section should include a description of your results and any data obtained during your experiment. TheResults section should beginwith a descriptive text of the results from each experiment. This should be in paragraph form, and should only include the facts—save the interpretations and explanations for the Discussion section. Asyou proceed through your data, include figures, tables, or drawings of your data, referring to each diagram in the text. Place each figure or table as close as possible to where yourefer to it in the text. Donot put all your figures and tables at the end of the report. Be specific in the results text. In general, the reader should be able to read through the results text and be able to understand themain findings. Do not show calculations in the text or figure legends—only show final results. Include calculations in aCalculations subsection at the end of theResults section. Make sure to include units in all calculations, and for all values given in theResults text.

For each figure (or table), include a legend. This should include the figure (or table) number, a title, and a short description. Figures should be sequentially numbered usingArabic numbers, and the title should be a sentence, endingwith a period. Figure legends are placed below the figure,while table legends are place above the table. Table legends should be sequentially numbered using Arabic numbers. Following the figure or table title, include a brief description of how the data wasobtained. Also point out any unique features that you specificallywant the reader to notice. If several figures use the same procedure, youmay refer back to the previous figure, rather than repeat the protocol information. Whenever possible, data in figures and tables should be prepared using a computer; pen and pencil

drawings are to be avoided. Besure to include labels for axes, symbols, etc, and include any relevant units.

4.Discussion/Conclusion: In this section, give a brief summary of the results of your experiment, and then address why these results are important. This iswhere you should interpret your results, and provide an explanation of how they integrate with the theoretical aspects of the experiment. Do your results support your original hypothesis (objective)? Whyorwhynot? Howdo these results fit with the broader picture that you beganwith in the Introduction? Address any technical issues that mayhave affected your results. Also, describe any unexpected results, and how theymodify your original hypothesis. Make sure you use specific figure numbers if you refer to figures in theResults section.