I need question 21 to 24
Bas, Gov 1729 / Govt E‐1737 3/23/2016
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1st Midterm Exam There are 24 questions in 4 pages and you should answer all of the questions in your exam booklets. If the
answer to a question involves a calculation, show your work: we will give partial credit where appropriate. You
must write legibly: if we cannot read the answer, we cannot give you credit. Each part will tell you in brackets
the points available for that section. The exam has a total of 100 points. You have 50 minutes to complete the
exam.
This is a closed book exam. Calculators, cellphones, or any other electronic devices are not allowed. The
University rules regarding academic honesty apply. Do not copy another individual’s answers. Disciplinary action
follows for those that choose to disobey these instructions.
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS (45 pts total, 3 pts each)
1) The Prisoner’s Dilemma game is dominance solvable.
2) A rational actor might choose a weakly dominated strategy in a Nash equilibrium.
3) For a set of choices X = {A, B, and C}, if an actor strictly prefers A to B, and B to C, but is indifferent
between A and C, (specify True/False for each statement below)
a) the actor has transitive preferences
b) the actor has complete preferences
c) X is a discrete set of choices
4) Ordinal utilities represent magnitude (intensity) of preferences over available choices.
5) Even if a group is composed of rational individuals, the group's preferences could violate rationality.
6) In a strategic interaction, if every actor knows that all the actors are rational, this implies that rationality
is common knowledge among the actors.
7) The same strategic form representation may belong to multiple extensive form games.
8) In the Prisoner's Dilemma game, there exists an outcome which is strictly preferred by both players to
the Nash equilibrium outcome.
9) Each strategy profile that survives the iterated elimination of strictly dominated strategies will be a Nash
equilibrium.
10) In an extensive form game of perfect information between two players, the backward induction
procedure always results in a Nash equilibrium.
Bas, Gov 1729 / Govt E‐1737 3/23/2016
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11) According to Dragu, reducing privacy protections will always result in an increased probability of a
terrorist attack.
12) Gambling for resurrection theory assumes that leaders prefer to stay in office.
13) According to Jervis, security dilemma exists only when states have purely offensive motives.
14) If players use their maximin strategies in a coordination game, they will guarantee themselves the
maximum payoff in the game.
15) The strategic choice approach focuses exclusively on individuals as the level of analysis.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (15 pts total, 3 pts each)
16) _____________ can be used to express preference rankings over choices that have uncertain outcomes.
a) Selectorate theory
b) Expected Utility theory
c) Cardinal theory
d) Security dilemma
17) A player's strategy is a decision rule that specifies an action for every _____________.
a) terminal node
b) strategy combination
c) information set
d) strategic form
18) According to Frieden, which of the below is a potential mistake when using preferences in explaining
outcomes in international relations?
a) sins of irrationality
b) sins of commission
c) sins of induction
d) sins of deduction
19) According to Jervis, which of the below scenarios is the most stable?
a) Offense is advantaged, offensive posture not distinguishable from defensive posture
b) Defense is advantaged, offensive posture not distinguishable from defensive posture
c) Defense is advantaged, offensive posture clearly distinguishable from defensive posture
d) Offense is advantaged, offensive posture clearly distinguishable from defensive posture
Bas, Gov 1729 / Govt E‐1737 3/23/2016
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20) Goemans classifies regimes based on which of the following two criteria?
a) jointness of production, and population size
b) exclusion from consumption, and military power
c) degree of repression, and jointness of production
d) degree of repression, and exclusion from political power
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (40 points total)
21) Consider the following game:
Player 2
X Y Z
A 0,2 3,1 2,3
Player 1 B 3,4 2,1 4,1
C 2,3 4,3 3,2
a) Use the IDSDS to simplify this game [3pts].
b) Find all pure strategy Nash equilibria [3pts].
c) Find all mixed strategy Nash equilibria [4pts].
22) Consider the above game.
a) How many subgames does this game have? [2pts]
b) Convert this game to strategic form. [2pts]
c) Find all pure strategy Nash equilibria of this game. [3pts]
d) Find all Subgame Perfect Equilibria of this game. [3pts]
Bas, Gov 1729 / Govt E‐1737 3/23/2016
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23) Place A, B, C, and D into the appropriate diagrams below [10pts].
A. All strategy profiles
B. Subgame Perfect Nash Equilibria
C. Nash Equilibria
D. Strategy profiles that survive IDSDS
24) Consider the game and Actor 1 and 2’s best reply (BR) curves below. List all pure and mixed strategy
Nash equilibria of this game. [10pts]
[End of Examination]