Essay questions
youvis1201
chap14_europe1500-3-1.pptxEurope at 1500
His. 015
China 1500CE
China 100 million
people with a single ruler.
Europe 1500 CE
Europe--100’s of small polities
Islamic sultanate--Spain
city states like Venice
kingdoms
Europe at 1500 CE
Europe 1500
Fragmentation of Europe
Breakup of the
Roman Empire 500 CE
Europe 1500-Fragmentation
Europe 1500-Fragmentation
1. Rise of Islam
2. Loss of access to
Mediterranean Sea
Europe 1500
Military force to control land
Europe 1500-role of weapons
Swords, knives, lances,
pikes and long and
crossbows used to control land
Europe at 1500 CE
Castles for protection
Europe 1500-Protection
Most towns
built walls for safety
Gun Powder
Mongols around 1300
Gunpowder
Chinese used gunpowder for fire lance, but Mongols gained access and improved it
Ottoman’s developed cannon technology
Europe 1400—The Weapons
1453 Ottoman Turks used cannons to capture Constantinople
Europe 1500
In Europe craftsmen
who manufactured the
church bells were able to
improve the cannon
and gun powder
Europe 1500
The major activity of European states from 1000 to 1500 was preparing, paying for war or recovering from war.
Europe 1500 CE
Move towards common state form
1. Territorial state with sufficient wealth
2. Population large enough to sustain an army
Europe 1500 CE-The weapons
King of France drove the English out of France by using cannons
17th century
French cannon
Europe 1500 CE-Weapons
1453 Ferdinand and Isabella used 180 guns to drive the Muslims out of Grenada.
Europe 1500 CE
No European power could totally dominate Europe
Mediterranean
The main reason for much of this
warfare was the attainment,
maintenance and enhancement
of wealth and power.
Europe 1500
Main problem for Europe was that Europe controlled one of the poorest areas of the world.
European Farming
Farmers did not have enough feed to keep their animals alive
during the winter.
In some parts of Africa
and Asia two crops a
years.
European Farming
To preserve the meat needed salt and pepper--salt available, but pepper was difficult to obtain.
Europe had little that the spice traders wanted.
Europe 1500
Europeans fought over
who would have access
to those spices from Asia.
Spice Trade
Venice became
the leading
spice importer—
proximity to Cairo
Spice Trade
1200 to 1300 Mongols
traded spices across
the mountains.
Spice Trade
Main route for spices
was from Venice to Cairo.
Henry the Navigator
Islamic world blocked European access to the spices and manufactured goods from Asia and Africa.
Henry the Navigator
Europe needed to find a sea route to Asia
Henry the Navigator wanted to do just that.
Henry, The Navigator
Travels of Henry the Navigator
Henry the Navigator
Knew that the Arabs believed that there was a route around the southern part of Africa.
Henry the Navigator
1415 Henry began to attack Muslim positions in the Mediterranean Sea
Henry the Navigator
1460 Henry died but they had reached Sierra Leone in Africa
Henry the Navigator
Got slaves and gold from Africa, but the real prize at the time was access to Asia
Vasco da Gama
Vasco Da Gama
1498 The Portuguese sailed into Indian Ocean.
Vasco da Gama
1498 Vasco da Gama took on an Arab speaking person and sailed to Calcutta
New rules in the Indian Ocean
The Portuguese introduced armed conflict into the Indian Ocean trading networks.
Could cause trouble and control aspects of the trade in the Indian Ocean.
Could not control all of the trade
Destroyed trading cities from East Africa to Indonesia
Major Points
China and India had technological advantage over the rest of the world
China--porcelain, silk
India--manufactured textiles
Africa, Southeast Asia because of geological and climatic advantages, produced gold, spices and other highly prized items for trade
Major Points
Prior to the arrival of the Portuguese, no one part of the Indian ocean trading network tried to seize or impose control over the whole system
Major Points
Europe had nothing of value to trade except wool and wool was not so popular in the warmer regions of the world
Armed Ships
What Europe developed that would give them dominance was armed sailing.
Portuguese Man O War
Better ships with better
cannons.
Contact between Europe and Latin America
Columbus stumbled upon the Americas on his route to Asia
The First Globalization
United Europe, Africa and the Americas in a long term economic relationship.
Based on chattel slavery.
