DQ2

Title of the study

Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among US Children, Adolescents, and Adults, 1999-2002

Author(s) and year

Allison A. Hedley, Cynthia L. Ogden, Clifford L. Johnson, Margaret D. Carroll, Lester R. Curtin, Katherine M. Flegal. 2004

Journal name, volume, series, page numbers

 The Journal of American Medical Association, Vol 291, No. 23

Data source (Where did you find this work)

 Google scholar

Purpose of the study

· State the research question/hypothesis and identify the variables (independent, dependent

· Identify how the author links the work to an existing body of knowledge (theoretical framework)

The prevalence of obesity has increased in the past 20 years in the US.

To provide the latest update of the American estimates of overweight prevalence in children and adults. The study uses the most current national data of weight and height measurements.

Note the type of study (true experimental, correlational, survey, randomized controlled trial, longitudinal, etc.)

 True experimental

Population/sample method used

· Who is the population?

· How was the sample selected?

· What sampling strategy was used?

Weight and height measurements were obtained from 4115 adults and 4018 children in 1999-2000 and from 4390 adults and 4258 children in 2001-2002.

Data collection method

· How was the data collected?

· Who collected it?

· What method was used (Survey, observation, secondary data)?

The data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data and CDC data. Age was used as the determinant. The study used secondary data

Data Analysis

· What statistical tests were used?

· What level of significance?

 Measure of BMI

Major findings

· Were the results statistically significant?

· What were the major findings?

· Was the hypothesis supported?

The main findings and conclusions from the review of these articles exhibit a trend in the prevalence of overweight among the different ages, sexes and races. The difference in overweight distribution in the US age groups was supported.

Strengths and weaknesses of the study design

· Strengths of the design

· Threats to internal and external validity

The design was strong enough to capture that relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The sampling method was the possible threat to the validity.

Ethical Considerations

· Informed consent

· IRB or other oversight approval

Racial profiling when doing sampling.

Summary/Recommendations given in the work and next steps

There is no sign the prevalence is decreasing. The alarming levels of obesity among children and adults remain a huge concern for the public health.

Title of the study

Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in Body Mass Index among US Children and Adolescents, 1999-2010

Author(s) and year

 Cynthia L. Ogden, Margaret D. Carroll, Brian K. Kit, Katherine M. Flegal, 2012.

Journal name, volume, series, page numbers

The Journal of American Medical Association, Vol 307, No. 5

Data source (Where did you find this work)

 Google scholar

Purpose of the study

· State the research question/hypothesis and identify the variables (independent, dependent

· Identify how the author links the work to an existing body of knowledge (theoretical framework)

To present the most recent estimates of obesity prevalence in US children and adolescents for 2009-2010 and to investigate trends in obesity prevalence and body mass index (BMI) among children and adolescents between 1999-2000 and 2009-2010.

Note the type of study (true experimental, correlational, survey, randomized controlled trial, longitudinal, etc.)

True experimental

Population/sample method used

· Who is the population?

· How was the sample selected?

· What sampling strategy was used?

Cross-sectional analyses of a representative sample (N = 4111) of the US child and adolescent population (birth through 19 years of age) with measured heights and weights from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2010.

Data collection method

· How was the data collected?

· Who collected it?

· What method was used (Survey, observation, secondary data)?

The data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data and CDC data. Age was used as the determinant. The study used secondary data.

Data Analysis

· What statistical tests were used?

· What level of significance?

 Measure of BMI.

Major findings

· Were the results statistically significant?

· What were the major findings?

· Was the hypothesis supported?

The prevalence of overweight cases in the US among the adults and the children did not decrease but rather increased in the same period. The BMI of the adolescent children in the age of 12 to 19 increased much significantly compared to the other groups. The studies addressed the research question by studying the distribution of obesity in the age groups.

Strengths and weaknesses of the study design

· Strengths of the design

· Threats to internal and external validity

The design was strong enough to capture that relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The sampling method was the possible threat to the validity.

Ethical Considerations

· Informed consent

· IRB or other oversight approval

Racial profiling when doing sampling.

Summary/Recommendations given in the work and next steps

Childhood obesity remains a major focus of US public health efforts. These children may be at risk of short-term health consequences and long-term tracking of obesity to adulthood.