ParaPhrasing

Ch: 1

This chapter shows the evolution of the species and their movings in the world. It also discusses the starting of everything. The earth is an example, it came into being about 4.5 billion years ago. After that, the first living organisms showed hundreds of million years later. in the last century, archaeologists have improved their researches on human beings and the history of earth; therefore, their grasp and knowledge has been significantly marked. Some of them claim that human beings and large monkeys are similar in certain things. The claim is true because there are similarities in the DNA and the structure of the body and many other things. However, there are some differences in the DNA, as an example. These small differences prove that the human being is a special creature ever.

Archaeologists have discovered human-like species in Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia, and other countries by finding bones going back about five million years. Australopithecus is one of the longest lived early human species. Unlike monkeys, Australopithecus walked on two legs, without the using of hands. Hands were very developed. They have the skill to communicate verbally. Australopithecus had both ape and human characteristics; their brain is ⅓ the size of a modern human brain.

Homo sapiens have made some great sculptures. Venus figurine was the most impressive one. It is a sculpture of a naked obese woman from the stone age. Scientists argue that this sculpture describe the fertility desires in human beings. Additionally, this sculpture was named after the Roman goddess of love. Paintings in caves was a habit by early humans. For example, thirty-four thousand years ago, scholars have discovered caves in southern France and northern Spain. They found more than one hundred caves in that area. Prehistoric art was very important for most archeologists; it was a key to know the mysteries of the history.

Neolithic era refers to the last phase of the stone age. Agriculture is usually used in connection with Neolithic Era. There was no specific time where agriculture started; therefore, Neolithic Era has no fixed date where it was started. However, some scientists have shown that the earliest agricultural activity was in the era after 9000 B.C.E. in the Middle East. Agriculture happened throughout the history in different places in the world. In the Middle East or Southwest Asia, the usually produce wheat and other food crops. Food crops differs from place to place because each part of the world has its own climate. The neolithic gods give the influence to live a complete life, Venus figurines is an example. it represents the hope for fertility in the fields. There was other gods in related to death, food, and many other things.