health

Alcohol:

Category

Terminology

Method of Administration

Short Term Physiological Effects

Increase/decrease stomach acid

Vasodilation

Antidiuretic Hormone

Decrease pain

Liver on Alert- metabolism of a toxin

Depression of sensory-motor response (movement, reaction time, speech, respiration)

Blackouts

Short Term Psychological Effects

Giddiness, impulsive behavior

Dis-inhibition

Depression

Anxiety

Aggression

Blackouts

Long term Physiological Effects

Increased Tolerance

Tissue Dependence

Reverse Tolerance

Stomach ulcers, gastritis, esophageal bleeding, pancreas

Liver : fatty, hepatitis, cirrhosis

Blood : anemia, reduced immune response, reduced white blood cells

Cardiovascular: enlarged heart, arrhythmia, alcoholic cardiomyopathy

Urinary: kidney cirrhosis

Reproductive: lowered testosterone

Pregnancy complications: FAS Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Respiratory pulmonary edema

Endocrine system

Musculoskeletal system: gout

Aseptic necrosis

Neurological disorders: polyneuropathy vision disturbed sleep, blackouts personality changes cerebral atrophy organic brain disease

Long Term Psychological Effects

Decreased memory

Decreased ability to learn

Depression

Arrested Development

Overdose:

Loss of consciousness

Coma

Death

Withdrawal:

Hangover= mild withdrawal symptoms

Severe symptoms : from chronic use: Rebound Effect (Sympathetic Nervous system)

Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, shaky, stomach cramps, vomiting, seizure, DT’s Hallucinations,

Death

Drug Interactions:

Anatabuse

Synergistic with CNS depressants

Usually mixed with everything including coffee

http://drugabuse.gov/drugpages/alcohol.html

Treatment

Most drug treatment is based on alcohol treatment programs.

Jellnick/ Disease Model/ Hazelton Hospital Model