Prof. Macqueen
youvis1201
wk2015civilizations_of_the_americas-4.pptxHistory 015
Civilizations of the Americas
Mexico
Olmecs 1500
BCE in Central Mexico
Olmec Art
Mexico
Maya 600-900 CE
in Yucatan Peninsula
Mexico
Toltec in the Mexico
valley 1100 CE—
rich agricultural area
The Aztecs
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Aztec
1350
–the Aztec migrated
into the valley of Mexico
Aztecs-Capital was Tenochititlan-Modern Mexico City
Aztecs
Since they were a minority
in the valley—they were
forced to become fearless warriors.
Aztecs
Soon could dominate all the local warring city states—
controlled over 25 million people, when Cortez arrived.
Aztec
The Aztec were exiled
to the islands in
Lake Texcoco when
they first arrived
In central Mexico
Aztec
Dredging up mud—
they created floating gardens
Spanish Drawings of Aztec Fishing
Aztec
Which are
today the
floating gardens
of Mexico City
The Americas
The Aztecs built an empire based on tribute from subjected peoples and the sacrifice of conquered peoples as part of religious rites
Aztec Empire
While it was a powerful empire—
based on fear—this helped
Cortez conquer the Aztecs
Aztec Calendar
Aztec Architecture
Aztec Temples
Inca Gold
The Incas in the
1250’s settled in the highlands of Peru
Inca Map
In 1400 had an empire stretching from Quito to Santiago—2500 miles
Machu Picchu
Peru and the Incas
Unlike the Aztecs,
the Incas incorporated
conquered peoples
Peru and the Incas
Forced everyone
to speak Quechua
Peru and the Incas
Empire included people
living as high as 13000 feet
Peru and the Incas
Stone highways
connecting
the entire empire.
Peru and the Incas
16 million people at
the time of Conquest
Peru and the Incas
Little development
of private property
Peru and the Incas
Belief that the
ruler was descended
from the Sun
Peru and the Incas
Mummified when dead
and his direct
descendants received
all his land.
Peru and the Incas
Thus new rulers had to conquer new lands
This was ok when there still was good land
But when the Incas tried to expand into the Rain Forest—they were defeated
Peru and the Incas
Both Inca and Aztec
women were considered
equal before the law.
Peru and Incas
Inca women were
Often local rulers
Conquest 0f the Incas
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Modern Inca Women
Sendero Luminuso
Indigenous women
as generals.
