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Review of the Literature Name of Author

Institutional Affiliation

Review of the Literature

Beurskens, C., Horn, J., de Boer, A., Schultz, M., van Leeuwen, E., Vroom, M., & Juffermans, N. (2014). Cardiac arrest patients have an impaired immune response, which is not influenced by induced hypothermia. Critical Care, 18(4), R162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc14002

The article looks at the case of cardiac arrest where survivors of cardiac arrest were used for the study. It aims at looking at whether the survivors of the condition experiences impaired immunity that is not related to hyperthermia. The study was to study was relevant. However, the number of patients that were used were not sufficient numerically. There was also no specification of the genders of these patients. To make more accurate results, the research would have considered using more patients and specify their genders so that the variation of immunity informed by gender differences could be determined.

Bloom, H., Shukrullah, I., Cuellar, J., Lloyd, M., Dudley, S., & Zafari, A. (2007). Long-term survival after successful in hospital cardiac arrest resuscitation. American Heart Journal, 153(5), 831-836. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2007.02.011

The article is investigating the rates of survival for the cardiac arrest patients. It does well in since it uses a large group of patients that would allow much more accurate results through the elimination of any bias that is bound to happen when a small data is considered. The research was almost a perfect one. The determination regarding percentages also gives a better view of the problem. The only thing that it could have included is the use of specific data on the survival both males and females separately

Fugate, J., Brinjikji, W., Mandrekar, J., Cloft, H., White, R., Wijdicks, E., & Rabinstein, A. (2012). Post-Cardiac Arrest Mortality Is Declining: A Study of the US National Inpatient Sample 2001 to 2009. Circulation, 126(5), 546-550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.111.088807

The article is specific to the study of the mortality rates observed after cardiac arrests in the United States. There is a high number of patients that have been used in this study. Also. The patients were studied over a considerable period. The descriptive study that is used successfully gives the differences in percentages between the mortality rates observed over the specified period. The article is good since it considers ally types of people regarding races. There is no bias observed in this case, and therefore, nothing needs to be changed.

Cdc.gov. (2015). Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Surveillance --- Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival (CARES), United States, October 1, 2005--December 31, 2010. Retrieved 14 December 2015, from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6008a1.htm

The study examines the number of adults that are likely to have the out-of- hospital cardiac arrests. The numbers of the patients that have been used are sufficient and makes the data, even more, accurate. The study is descriptive that the best way to analyze such data is. However, the study does not reveal the comparisons with the number of people who lose their lives before visiting the hospital. It would be essential to do so to assess the number of people that benefit from the hospital services. It would help the health care facilities to determine how efficient their role in treatment is and adjust where necessary.

Ebell, M., Becker, L., Barry, H., & Hagen, M. (1998). Survival after in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. J Gen Intern Med, 13(12), 805-816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00244.x

The article looks at the survival rates of the patients once they are discharged from the hospitals. There was a review of the available data that is present in the library databases on the same. The conclusions that are made in this article are from the secondary data. The findings are, therefore, not the real representation of the currents status since things keep changing. There is a need to conduct some primary research on the same and then to use the secondary data as a backup. That way, more accuracy would be made.

Punjasawadwong, Y., Siriphuwanun, V., Lapisatepun, W., Charuluxananan, S., & Uerpairojkit, K. (2014). Prognostic factors for death and survival with or without complications in cardiac arrest patients receiving CPR within 24 hours of anesthesia for emergency surgery. RMHP, 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/rmhp.s68797

The article is on the determination the prognostic factors for either the death or survival of the patients who encounters cardiac arrests. The patients that are studied are those who are receiving resuscitation for 24 hours after they are administered with the anesthesia. The method that is used is the retrospective data review. The number of patients that were used was sufficient to provide the necessary results. The study illustrates in a detailed manner why many people succumb to cardiac arrests during their hospitalization time. Therefore, there is less that can be changed in this case, if any.

Tavernise, S. (2013). Antibiotic-Resistant Infections Lead to 23,000 Deaths a Year, C.D.C. Finds. Sabrina T. Retrieved 14 December 2015, from http://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/17/health/cdc-report-finds-23000-deaths-a-year-from-antibiotic-resistant-infections.html?_r=0

The study looks at the infections that are antibiotic resistant and the death rates that result from them in the United Status. The study is a descriptive one. The study indicates that thousands of people die from infections that resist antibiotics. However, the mode of data collection is not combative. There are a lot of secondary sources referencing which detaches the findings from the reality on the ground. There is the need to have current primary data on this issue to ensure that the study is not outdated with the numerous referencing to the secondary data that has been there.

Khan, N., Razzak, J., Ahmed, H., Furqan, M., Saleem, A., & Alam, H. et al. (2008). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: outcome and its predictors among hospitalized adult patients in Pakistan. Int J Emerg Med, 1(1), 27-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12245-008-0016-4

The study looks to determine the results of resuscitation of patients that are in hospital with the cases of cardiopulmonary issues. The patients that have been used in this study are those above the age of 14 years. The number of patients that have been analyzed in this case is 383 which is a good number for such a study. There is an issue in the year brackets that are used. It is necessary that even those patients who are below the age of years be included in the study. The patients with the same condition should be studied in the same breath.

Peter G. Brindley, D. (2002). Predictors of survival following in-hospital adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal, 167(4), 343. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC117846/

The article looks at the rates of survival among the adults in Canada following a resuscitation from a cardiac arrest condition. The study was conducted between the years 1997 and the year 1999. The data was obtained from reviewing the records that were there on the same subject from the various hospitals in the region. The only thing that would have been done is to use more current records. Issues in the field of healthcare changes, and so is the nature of diseases as research advances. Current primary data would be more appropriate.

Smith R & Joanna C. (2002). Antimicrobial resistance: a global response*. Retrieved 14 December 2015, from http://www.who.int/bulletin/archives/80%282%29126.pdf

The article looks at the manner in which the globe has reacted to the antimicrobial resistance. It also looks at how resistance to the therapies that involve the use of antimicrobial agents minimizes the effectiveness of the healing process. The article fails in one way that it fails to provide the various incidences of mortality that result from antimicrobial resistance. It would be essential to provide the numbers so that the severity of the resistance would be assessed. Numbers also give a true representation of the reality, and it is from the numbers that a clear strategy would be forged to deal with this problem.

Resistance, O., Approved, F., Estimate, G., & Regenerator, T. (2014). Overcoming Resistance |The Scientist Magazine. The Scientist. Retrieved 14 December 2015, from http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/39512/title/Overcoming-Resistance/

The article looks at the various strategies that are being explored to deal with the issue of microbial resistance. It is a descriptive analysis type of study. The study gives the approximate number of people that die in the United States due to cases that are related to microbial resistance. However, it fails to give the progress that have been made in dealing with the issue in finer details. It would be good to give some progressive numerical analysis on the efforts that have been put in place since the inception of the efforts to have the matter resolved.

World Health Organization. (2015). Antimicrobial resistance. Retrieved 14 December 2015, from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs194/en/

The article provides the information on the infection that are there in the world that are of bacterial origins. It is a descriptive study and the information that is provided is elaborate and illustrates a clear picture of how the infections are around the world. The article also illustrates that there are higher chances that persons that have resistance to antimicrobial drugs will eventually succumb to the infections that are bacterial related. The information given is sufficient, and nothing much could be done to make it better.

Coba, V., Jaehne, A., Suarez, A., Dagher, G., Brown, S., & Yang, J. et al. (2014). The incidence and significance of bacteremia in out of hospital cardiac arrest. Resuscitation, 85(2), 196-202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2013.09.022

The article is an indication of the rates of cardiac arrests among the people of the United States, who have been discharged from hospitals. The analysis that was done involved 250 patients. The main aim of the study was to have a determination of the rate at which cardiac arrest patients are prone to the infections. The determination indicated that more patients, 71% were likely to have the infections. The high percentage would have been informed by the fact that a small sample was used. There is a need to use a bigger sample since the cardiac arrest patients are equally high.

Cpr.heart.org. (2015). Cardiac Arrest Statistics. Retrieved 14 December 2015, from http://cpr.heart.org/AHAECC/CPRAndECC/General/UCM_477263_Cardiac-Arrest-Statistics.jsp

This study looks at the epidemic of the antimicrobial resistance infections. The study is used as a way to indicate that there is a need to reduce the infection epidemic. There is a comprehensive analysis of the issue that have been offered by the article. No real-time data have been used to indicate the need. There is the need to include it in the future to convince the audience better on such need.

Spellberg, B., Guidos, R., Gilbert, D., Bradley, J., Boucher, H., & Scheld, W. et al. (2008). The Epidemic of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections: A Call to Action for the Medical Community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(2), 155-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/524891

The article covers the statistics of cardiac arrest in the United States of America. The statistics that were used in this case were those from the year 2013. There is real data that has been used and a broad cross-section for this study. The scope of data and the analysis is sufficient enough. There would be no need to add anything.