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Running Head; Motivation And Emotions 1.

Motivation And Emotions 9

I am returning your paper to you ungraded because you have not followed directions for this particular assignment you must choose motivation or emotion no need to do both. If you choose emotion discuss the three theories on emotion. you then need to choose one theory and relate it to how you deal with a crisis. The second option is motivational you n eed to discuss Maslow’s pyramid discuss and define. Provide your opinion and then provide examples to back up your

opinion. Choose one of these topics and resubmit when changes are made. Please see beloqw for complete instructions.

Did you watch the webinar/video that explained this assignment? In addition all of the information is located in your study guide.

Ssc130 Essay Assignment			250724
Recorded Webinar

Yes there is a choice of three main topics: you must choose one of the main topics. Once you have chosen your main topic you must now make another decision.  After making you your choice you see that you have to define your theory and then apply it. You get to make the choice of how you apply your chosen theory. For example if you chose the conditioning essay you will choose to either apply the theory to get a child to clean his/her room or discuss the role of punishment in training an animal to do a certain trick.

Topic for Project One - Essay 250724

To successfully complete this course, you must write an essay based on information found in your textbook Psychology and Your Life by Robert S. Feldman. The great thing about this assignment is there is NO outside research necessary! Based on the subjects below, you will choose ONE of the topics and submit a well-written argument based on one of the topics that is 750 to 1000 words in length. Remember, if you use the exact word of the author, you must use quotation marks and cite the information properly. Visit http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citapa.htm to learn more about proper formatting of citations for both in-text and a reference page.

Topic 1: Conditioning. Begin by reviewing Chapter 5 beginning on page 162. Chapter 5 discusses Classical Conditioning and the experiments of Ivan Pavlov, Operant Conditioning and B.F. Skinner’s contributions to the field in particular with his discussion on rewards and punishment. Chapter 5 also went on to discuss Cognitive Approaches to Learning which include latent learning and observational learning based on Bandura’s experiments.

1. Choose one of these conditioning/learning styles and discuss how it may be applied to child rearing. In essay format, create a plan to help get a young child to clean his/her room.

- OR -

2. The text discusses the pros and cons of punishment and why reinforcement “beats” punishment. Conditioning still plays a role in punishment, explain the theory behind this phenomenon and give an example of it by how you used it when training an animal.

Topic 2: Memory. Begin by reviewing Chapter 6 beginning on page 200. Chapter 6 discussed memory, how the brain processes information and explain the process involved in forgetting information. In addition the chapter discussed how we as humans think, reason and problem solve and the role our brain plays in developing language.

After reading the material, choose one of the following topics:

1. Discuss the process of memory; in particular discuss the different types of memory and relate each one to a personal experience.

- OR -

2. Discuss the different theories on language acquisition; as our country becomes more multicultural, how can these theories aid our children and/or you in learning a second and perhaps a third language?

With this topic we are not discussing those whose first language is not English (as in those who have immigrated into America) we are asking you to discuss those of us in America who are now faced with the decision to learn another language in order to communicate with the bilinguals of the world or travel more easily in this shrinking global community.

Topic 3: Motivation and Emotion. Begin by reviewing Chapter 7 which begins on page 243. Chapter 7 states as humans we are born to be motivated to satisfy our needs, discusses why some of us seek out more sensation and thrills more than others, why emotions and the need for power rule some of us, and ends with a discussion of the cultural differences on how we as humans express emotions.

1. According to Maslow, our motivation progresses up a pyramid. Discuss his theory and give your opinion on whether or not you agree with it. Give concrete examples (in relation to the hierarchy) as to your opinion.

- OR -

2. The text discusses three models of emotions; choose one of those models and describe the way you deal with a crisis. Give specific examples.

Process

The components of your essay assignment must include:

· A cover sheet

· The body of your paper - minimum 750 words - maximum 1000 words

· A reference page if needed

Cover Sheet

The first page of your paper will be the cover sheet. Provide the following information:

· The title of your chosen topic

· Your name and student ID

· Current date (for example, November 1, 20___

· Introduction to Psychology 130

· Essay Assignment 28072400

Developing the Body of Your Paper

As stated earlier, you are to choose ONE of the assigned topics and create a well-thought out essay of 750 to 1000 words based solely from the sources (your textbook and the reader) provided. If you use the exact words of any of the authors you are required to use quotation marks and provide proper citations both in-text and in a properly formatted reference page. If you do not know how to do this, please refer to: http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citapa.htm to learn more about proper formatting of citations for both in-text and a reference page.

Formatting Your Paper

Format your paper using a standard font such as Times New Roman 12 point. Set the margins at a standard 1 inch on all sides. Set your line spacing for double-space. Since you have given your information on the cover sheet, no header is necessary. The standard style format for citations is American Psychological Association (APA). If you need help with this we suggest you refer to: http://www2.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citapa.htm

Motivation and Emotions

Sylvia Roupe

Student ID 22268940

Essentials of Psychology SSC130

Assignment 25063000

12/10/15

Psychologists consider that the connection between motivation and emotion comes from the motives of motivation and the arousal of emotion and motives both of which triggers behavior. Emotions always go hand in hand with motives. It is characteristic for basic emotions to hold motivational properties of their own. For example, happiness motivates a person to attain better performance. Comment by Windows User: Always indent the start of a paragraph

Humans are born with a set of behaviors that direct us to behave or act in certain ways so that we can accomplish certain needs. These behaviors are known as instincts. Some of these instincts are important when it comes to our survival. This approach suggests that humans are born to be motivated. There are four types of approach that shows human are motivated to satisfy our need. The drive reduction approach, this approach suggests that the human body has the ability to act in a certain way that maintains a steady internal state. This tendency is known as homeostasis. For example when one is hungry you are motivated to look for food to reduce your hunger drive. Secondly is the arousal approach, this motivation approach suggests that when our level of excitement is too high we try to reduce it and when it’s too low we tend to increase it by seeking stimulation. Thirdly we have the incentive approach, this suggests that humans are motivated to get what they want. For example if one wants a good life they have to work hard. Lastly is the cognitive approach, this motivation approach suggests that we are motivated by our own goals, thoughts and expectations.

Sensation seeking is a personality trait that biologist define by seeking of varied novel, complex and intense sensational experiences. It is associated with the willingness to take physical, social, legal and financial risks for the sake of an experience. Enjoyment of arousal differs between people. Some people seek out more sensational and thrills more than others. Arousal can be a pleasurable state which makes one feel alive. Negative emotions such as fear can also be exciting to others, People who seek arousal are known as sensational seekers. Arousal can be considered uncomfortable by others. When one is aroused, you have less control over your actions. There are four ways by which people can be classified in regard to how they approach arousal; hedonists for instance are mostly pre-occupied with seeking pleasure. To them pleasure and enjoyment rank above most other things. They pursue pleasure and enjoyment more intensely as compared to the average persons. As such, they are easily aroused and the little things such as a nice meal, alcohol or meaningless conversations may greatly arouse them.

Risk takers on the other hand are quite similar to the hedonists. They are also intensely looking for pleasure and enjoyment. Their problem is that they get bored more easily and they therefore need more stimulation before any particular thing can arouse them fully. They achieve this by taking risks, which at times may be life threatening. Risk takers are involved in activities such as cliff diving, jumping out of an airplane and such like activities. Like hedonists, avoiders are mostly aroused but they don’t like or enjoy the feeling of arousal. And therefore they try to avoid stimuli which would make them feel aroused. Such people may have been taught when young not to display any kind of emotions hence they may be afraid of their own reactions to arousal. Lastly we have the calms. This type of people have low craving to arousal and they are privileged enough not to be easily aroused. This character enables them to face life with a calmness. Unlike hedonists,, calms may not look to develop challenging careers and may be disapproved for their lack of drive. They accepts comments and do not bother if others are different from them.

Many emotions are dependent on culture and language. Culture plays an important role when people are trying to interpret facial expressions. In today’s society, information from the environment influences understanding of what facial expressions means. Different cultures tend to interpret the same social context in very different ways. Cultures offer explanations, rules, guidelines and structure that enables people to interpret and understand emotions. There are cultural variances when it comes to assessing emotions.

Human emotions are known to be non-deterministic and subjective. The same stimulus may generate different emotions on different individuals. The three models of emotions are models of fear, models of positive emotions and modeling other emotions. Models of fear describes how individuals try to avoid activities based on fear. It helped explain how different people experience pain even with the absence of pathology. Some individuals may experience acute pain and achieves the condition by using avoidance behavior. There are however positive emotions and humans may perceive these emotions. Positive emotions refer to those inner feelings that provide relief and relieve pain. They are pleasant feelings and include such things as joy, love, gratitude, amusement and so forth. This emotions can be modelled or they can be achieved naturally. Modelling positive emotions is a task that can be achieved if a person persistently pursues positive emotions and consistently ignores or otherwise refuses to allow negative emotions to prevail. However, both positive and negative emotions can be modelled voluntarily by a person depending on the mindset they place their thought and emotions at.

According to Maslow, our motivation progresses up a pyramid. He attempts to capture the diverse levels of human motivation. The theory represents the idea of human beings are pushed into action by various motivational factors during different occasions, psychological needs, higher goals and biological drives. In his argument, the hierarchical arrangement is not destined to suggest that those people who focus on higher needs are better than those who focus on lower needs but it’s a hierarchy within you and your day to day experiences. The theory means that higher needs don’t necessarily appear unless unsatisfied lower needs are satisfied. For example when one is suffering from hunger and cold, you don’t have the energy and time to concern about your self-esteem. Your entire body is focused on food and warmth. The different levels also largely agree to different stages of life.

References.

Bandella, P. R. (2005). Born to be Happy Enjoy Life to the full. New Dawn Press Group. Lewis, M. (n.d.). Handbook Of Emotions. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. O'Neil, A. (n.d.). Manager to Leader. McPherson's Printing Group. Sengupta, D. N. (2007). International Human Resource Management. Anurag Jain for Excel Books.