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The Geographical Journal Source: The Geographical Journal, Vol. 1, No. 1 (Jan., 1893), pp. 58-61 Published by: geographicalj Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774208 Accessed: 12-12-2015 00:28 UTC

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8 8 THE GEOGR tPHICAL JOURNAL. THE GEOGR tPHICAL JOURNAL.

alike, and redueed to an uniform seale, in order to facilitate eoznparison. It has been eonsidered advisable to introduee sotne eolouring on maps of the sisteenth eentury, to make the outline more distinet; but where this has been done, eare has been taken to keep thetn ulliform with the other eoloured maps of the satne period. Some of these have been pub- lished before by Jomard, Lelewel, and Santarem in blaek. All the maps have been photographed from Dr. iliretsehmer's drawings, and printed in eolour, exeept plates 22 and 31, whieh were engraved. It would be impossible to speak too highly of the Inanner ill whieh these beautiful maps have been produeed, and the more elosely they are examined the more the exeellenee of tlle eolour registering is observ- able; while the faet that theylaave beeneonstruetedunderthesuper- vision of Baron von Riehthofell is suffieient guarantee that the maps aeeurately represent the originals.

The volunle of letterpress is in itself a most valuable work on the gradual development of geographieal knowledge from the earliest times to the sixteenth eentuly. It eontains sis ehapters, which in turn deal with the diSerent epoehs of geoglSaphieal diseovery. It may seem invidious to make any distinetion where all is excellent; but as the oeeasion wllieh has ealled forth this atlas is the eelebration of the fourth eentenary of the diseovery of Ameriea, it seeIns probable that Chapter IV., whieh deals so ably with the state of geographieal knowledge at the time of Columbus, wi]l be read with greater interest than other portions of the bool;. To geographers, llowever, there is no portion of the letter- press whieh does not eontain matter of interest; and, taken as a whole, it is a anonuinent of painstaking researeh. In the interest of those who do not possess the advantage of being able to read German readily, it is to be hoped tllat an English edition of the letterpress Inay soon be published; Ineanwhile, the Berlin Geographieal Soeiet:,r, its President, and Dr. Konrad iliretschaner, have llaid the geographers of the world under eonsiderable oblit,ation to them by the produetion of this admir- able work.

THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL. AT the eommeneeinent of this new series of the Soeiety's monthly publication, it may not be uninteresting to reeall its growth in the past. Mr. Markham, in his 'Fifty Years' Work of the Royal Geo- graphieal Soeiety,' published in 1881, has suininarised the early ehanges whieh led to the fornl then established. From the founda- tion of the Soeiety in 1830, a Journal was issued eontainirlg the papers read at the meetings, illustrative maps, and analyses of other papers on kindred subjeets. Lists of reeent geographieal publieations and maps were subsequently added, and the annual volutne was issued in two, or oeeasionally, in three parts. In 1847, the Journal took a

alike, and redueed to an uniform seale, in order to facilitate eoznparison. It has been eonsidered advisable to introduee sotne eolouring on maps of the sisteenth eentury, to make the outline more distinet; but where this has been done, eare has been taken to keep thetn ulliform with the other eoloured maps of the satne period. Some of these have been pub- lished before by Jomard, Lelewel, and Santarem in blaek. All the maps have been photographed from Dr. iliretsehmer's drawings, and printed in eolour, exeept plates 22 and 31, whieh were engraved. It would be impossible to speak too highly of the Inanner ill whieh these beautiful maps have been produeed, and the more elosely they are examined the more the exeellenee of tlle eolour registering is observ- able; while the faet that theylaave beeneonstruetedunderthesuper- vision of Baron von Riehthofell is suffieient guarantee that the maps aeeurately represent the originals.

The volunle of letterpress is in itself a most valuable work on the gradual development of geographieal knowledge from the earliest times to the sixteenth eentuly. It eontains sis ehapters, which in turn deal with the diSerent epoehs of geoglSaphieal diseovery. It may seem invidious to make any distinetion where all is excellent; but as the oeeasion wllieh has ealled forth this atlas is the eelebration of the fourth eentenary of the diseovery of Ameriea, it seeIns probable that Chapter IV., whieh deals so ably with the state of geographieal knowledge at the time of Columbus, wi]l be read with greater interest than other portions of the bool;. To geographers, llowever, there is no portion of the letter- press whieh does not eontain matter of interest; and, taken as a whole, it is a anonuinent of painstaking researeh. In the interest of those who do not possess the advantage of being able to read German readily, it is to be hoped tllat an English edition of the letterpress Inay soon be published; Ineanwhile, the Berlin Geographieal Soeiet:,r, its President, and Dr. Konrad iliretschaner, have llaid the geographers of the world under eonsiderable oblit,ation to them by the produetion of this admir- able work.

THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL. AT the eommeneeinent of this new series of the Soeiety's monthly publication, it may not be uninteresting to reeall its growth in the past. Mr. Markham, in his 'Fifty Years' Work of the Royal Geo- graphieal Soeiety,' published in 1881, has suininarised the early ehanges whieh led to the fornl then established. From the founda- tion of the Soeiety in 1830, a Journal was issued eontainirlg the papers read at the meetings, illustrative maps, and analyses of other papers on kindred subjeets. Lists of reeent geographieal publieations and maps were subsequently added, and the annual volutne was issued in two, or oeeasionally, in three parts. In 1847, the Journal took a

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9 THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL.

backward step, the analyses of papers not read to the Society, and the aniscellaneous information were discontinued; and from 1848 to 18aS, the Journal was only issued once a year. The thin volumes of those years fereain as an outward sign of the crisis which the Society successfully passed through in that period of reduced resources. VVith regained prosperity and increasing aneinbership, the aemand for a luore coznprehensive and speedy lnethod of publication naturally arose. The number of members increased rapidly from 700 in 1850 to over 1000 in 1858; it exceeded 2000 in 1868, and reached 3000 in 1E376. Since that time the rate of growth though slow, has beell steady. Mr. Francis Galton then Secretary, proposed to issue Proceedtnys sllpplementary to the Jvurnal in 18aS. The Proceedinys, as then arranged, contained reports of the evening lueetings, and a variable amount of general geographical information. The parts were issued irregularly, about ais being published in the course of a year. The Joarnal continued to appear annually, and in it the larger and more irnportant papers and luaps communicated to the Society were given to the world. The next change of importance was the successful attelnpt in 1879 to letrieve a lost opportunity.

In 1872 Mr. Clements R. Markham at that time one of the Secre- t:ries, realising the public demand for a geographical journal on a wider basis and of mole popular form than then existed, and finding that the Council were reluctant to modify the Society's publications, became editor of Ocearw EIighwsl31s The Geographtcal Record, which subsequently had the sub-title of The Geographical Rerzew7 and. finally took as its name The Geogrclphical Magazi1e. This Magazine was quite uncon- nected with the Society. It aimed to advance geographical knontledge by means of original articles, re>riews of books and of maps3 concise items of geographical news, obituaries and personal notices, together with reports of meetings of Geographical Societies and original maps. The magazine was published lnonthly, and acquired a good circulation. Its last number appeared in December 1878, the date at which the twenty-second and last volunle of the old series of Proceedings was aompleted. Mr. Markham, in referring to the old Proceedings, observed " This publication was capable of ,reat improvement and of being made the leading authority in the world on all subjects r&lating to geography." It is largely to his success in showing the way by means of the Geographical Magazine that the new series of Proceedinge was started on such admirable l;nes. " The Geographtcat Mayaztne," he said, "completed its work and fulfilled its mission. Its labours were not in vain,, its objects did not die with i1;, but were actively and ably pursued hy its successor." The new series of Proceedings incorporated many of the new features which the Geographical Magazine, now stopped by arrangement, had experimented with and proved to be of value. The parts appeared monthly and contained the papers read to the Society,

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60 THE GEOGRAPHICAL JOURNAL.

with the discussion which followed, occasional illustrations and maps. Other papers were also published, together with geographical notes, reports of the Society's meetings and of the proceedings of foreign societies, obituary notices of deceased fellows, correspondence, and brief non-critical notices of Ilew books and maps. The fiftieth and last volume of the Journal appeared in 1881, although the volunles of Suy- pleXzentary Papers which are still published at irregular intervals may be taken as representing; it.

sThe Proceedings of the iEtoyal Geographical Society, and B!Lonthly Record of Geography,' retained its original form for fourteen years, but Tninor modifications were introduced from time to time, by order of the Council, or at, the suggestion of the Editor. More space came to be devoted to notes and book notices, and in the last femr years illustrations and block-maps, in the test, were much more frequently introduced. The steady growth of the Society, and the stin1ulus given to soientific geography by the action of thf3 Universities, at the instigation of the Society, have once more led to a demand for fresh expansion. It is felt that if the Society's publication is to maintain its position as the leading geographical journal in the English lallguage, it must be made more .systematic and more exhaustiare. While if it is to take the place mrhich a serial on the lines of the old Geoyrayhical Magazir6e might now hold more attention must be paid to literary form, and to the methods of lllustration. The fundamental object of the Geographical Journal is to carry out in its fullest meaning the first article of the Societ>'s constitu- tion. " The Royal Geographical Society is instituted for the improve- ment and difusion of Geographical Knowledge." In pursuit of such an ideal it is not enough to keep from losing; ground. 'l'he whole current of periodical literature has swept forward into a new region during the last twenty years, and the GeoprayhicalJoKrnal is tLe natural outcome of the progressive growth of the Proceediqzgs.

The Geographical Jot6rnal svill in substance differ little from recent solulues of the Proceediqzgs. " rl'lle Monthly Reeord " will be the vld 4' Notes " arranged systematically, and selected so as to give a g;eneral view of the geographical wolk and thought of the worltl during the preceding month. The " Geographical Literature of the Month' will revert to the early ststem of giving a brief non-critieal notice of all books added to the libral y. It will also include a systematic list of all important artieles in other geographieal journals, 13ritish, Colonial, and Foreign, and of geographical papers in any periodieal publications whiell eome under the notice of the Society. In this way thele will be a montllly subjeet-indes to current geo,,rapllieal literature that eannot fail to be useful to all working geographers. The value of this list will be lnore apparent when the exhaustive subject- catalogue of the Soeiety's Library nolv in hand is eomDleted, as that catalogue will thus be kept continllously up to date. The section

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61 61 THE MONTHLY RECNORD. THE MONTHLY RECNORD.

devoted to New Maps will be arranged on essentially the same lines. Both books and maps of importance will be occasionally reviewed at length in separate articles.

It i# hoped that in its new form the Society's Journal will be found interesting by a larger circle than that of the Fellows alone, and that the impartial and authoritative descriptions of the regions on which public interest is for a time concentrated will be helpful to all who really wish to grasp and comprehend the geographical conditions on which modern politics and commerce are based.

THE MONTHLY RECORD. TRE SOCIEB.

Programtne for 1893.-The Second and longer portion of the Session promises to be of considerable interest. The first paper in January will be by Mr. Charles Hose, one of the residents under the Rajah of Sarawak, Borneo, who has travelled extensively in the interior. 0n January 30 two interesting papers on ' The Island of Yesso ' are expected-one by Professor John Milne, F.Pi.S., of the Engineering College, Tokio; the other by Mr. A. H. Savage Landor, who has been all round the island and up some of its principal rivers. Mr. F. a. Selous has just returned from Mashonaland, and as at present arranged he will give the leading results of his twenty years' wanderings in South Africa on February 13th. It is hoped that Captain Bower will be able to give an account of his remarkable journey across Tibet at the other meeting in February. The two March meetings may be occupied by Professor Bonney, F.R.S., on ' The Work of Glaciers on the Earth's Surface,' and Mr. H. O. Forbes, on his investigation of the Chatham Islands. The papers for the other dates are not at present fised. Mr. W. M. Conway hopes to be ready by the April meeting to describe the results of his expedition to the Karakoram Mountains. Other papers promised are by Captain Pringle, on the Railway Survey from Mombasa to the Victoria Nyanza; Mr. W. W. Rockhill, on his remark- able Journeys in Eastern Tibet; Lieutenant Peary, on his Expedition to the North of Greenland, and his proposed Expedition towards the North Pole. Mr. H. J Mackinder begins his course of educational lectures on Friday, January 20; Fellows of the Society who mean to attend are requested to inform the Secretary by Januar;sr 13.

E7ROPE.

The Baltic Lalre-plateau.- Dr. W. Ule has lately contributed t(> Susland, an investigation of the agencies which produced the lake- dotted band of high ground traversing the North-German plain Bouth of

devoted to New Maps will be arranged on essentially the same lines. Both books and maps of importance will be occasionally reviewed at length in separate articles.

It i# hoped that in its new form the Society's Journal will be found interesting by a larger circle than that of the Fellows alone, and that the impartial and authoritative descriptions of the regions on which public interest is for a time concentrated will be helpful to all who really wish to grasp and comprehend the geographical conditions on which modern politics and commerce are based.

THE MONTHLY RECORD. TRE SOCIEB.

Programtne for 1893.-The Second and longer portion of the Session promises to be of considerable interest. The first paper in January will be by Mr. Charles Hose, one of the residents under the Rajah of Sarawak, Borneo, who has travelled extensively in the interior. 0n January 30 two interesting papers on ' The Island of Yesso ' are expected-one by Professor John Milne, F.Pi.S., of the Engineering College, Tokio; the other by Mr. A. H. Savage Landor, who has been all round the island and up some of its principal rivers. Mr. F. a. Selous has just returned from Mashonaland, and as at present arranged he will give the leading results of his twenty years' wanderings in South Africa on February 13th. It is hoped that Captain Bower will be able to give an account of his remarkable journey across Tibet at the other meeting in February. The two March meetings may be occupied by Professor Bonney, F.R.S., on ' The Work of Glaciers on the Earth's Surface,' and Mr. H. O. Forbes, on his investigation of the Chatham Islands. The papers for the other dates are not at present fised. Mr. W. M. Conway hopes to be ready by the April meeting to describe the results of his expedition to the Karakoram Mountains. Other papers promised are by Captain Pringle, on the Railway Survey from Mombasa to the Victoria Nyanza; Mr. W. W. Rockhill, on his remark- able Journeys in Eastern Tibet; Lieutenant Peary, on his Expedition to the North of Greenland, and his proposed Expedition towards the North Pole. Mr. H. J Mackinder begins his course of educational lectures on Friday, January 20; Fellows of the Society who mean to attend are requested to inform the Secretary by Januar;sr 13.

E7ROPE.

The Baltic Lalre-plateau.- Dr. W. Ule has lately contributed t(> Susland, an investigation of the agencies which produced the lake- dotted band of high ground traversing the North-German plain Bouth of

This content downloaded from 68.66.1.78 on Sat, 12 Dec 2015 00:28:55 UTC All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions