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mdiv_2013_ch8_powerpoint.pptChapter 8
Understanding the Asian American & Latino Experience
Workplace Diversity
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Workplace Diversity
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History is written by the Victors
Author Unknown
- Who are Asian Americans?
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Workplace Diversity
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Asian Americans
- Chinese, Filipinos, Japanese, Asian Indians, Koreans, and the Vietnamese = 90% of the population
- Hawaiians, Samoans and Guamanians are Pacific Islanders
- Each Asian group has it’s own history, culture and language
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The Asian American Experience
Why do many Asian Americans come to the U.S.?
- Like all other immigrants--for economic freedom and individual prosperity.
- When they first migrated here in the mid 1800s, the U.S. wanted them here.
- But once here many “law of nation” laws were passed to limit their ability to utilize capitalism even though they provided cheap labor that helped the U.S. gain prosperity.
The Asian American Experience
- Asian Americans and the Law
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Workplace Diversity
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Asian Americans and the Laws
- Naturalization Law of 1790 specified only “whites” were eligible for naturalized citizenship. Some whites in Congress fought to change this law for the Chinese.
- In 1924, the Asian Exclusion Act made total exclusion of all aliens ineligible for citizenship.
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Chinese American
Experience
- Draconian Cable Act in 1922 punished American Caucasian women for marrying the Chinese. This was a problem since there were 70,000 Chinese men to 4,000 Chinese women.
- After 80 years of migration, the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 the only ethnic specific immigration law in American History prohibited the Chinese from entering the U.S. In 1902, it was extended indefinitely but was repealed 1943.
Building the Railroad
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Workplace Diversity
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What happened with the Central Pacific Railroad?
- Of the Central Pacific Railroad workers, 9,000 out of the 10,000 were Chinese who worked hard. Many lost their lives.
- Yet when the railroad was complete the Chinese were laid off and could not participate in the ribbon cutting ceremony and there is often no mention of them in history books when discussing this famous event.
Driving the Golden Spike
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Workplace Diversity
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Japanese American Experience
- When the Japanese migrated here it was at the U.S. asking.
- They needed the Japanese farmer’s skills to farm land in California.
- The Japanese government obliged America and sent their best farmers.
- How were they treated once here?
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Japanese American Experience
- They came wanting to own the farm land they were to help cultivate but the Alien Land Law Act was passed.
- This law and others like it made it illegal for aliens and their American born children to own land.
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Japanese American Experience
- Many Japanese also experienced Jim Crow like hostilities, they were segregated like blacks.
- Why did Roosevelt sign the Gentleman’s Agreement?
- This agreement limited immigration in exchange for equal treatment. This angered white exclusionists. The racist treatment did not change.
Anti-Asian American Propaganda
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Workplace Diversity
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Japanese American Experience
- Americans were fed by the media and led to believe that the Japanese were their enemies during the attack on Pearl Harbor.
- This hatred and wartime mistreatment caused the relocation and internment of over 120,000 Japanese. Many of whom were American citizens.
Executive Order 9066
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Taken from http://lanternreview.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/internment-image.jpg
Executive Order 9066
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Taken from http://www.aaja.org/vc-timeline/
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Philippine American Experience
- Pensionado Plan - set out to Americanize the Philippine Islands, which made them easier to melt into the culture once in the U.S. While they were more easily accepted they were still not given equal rights.
- In 1902 the Cooper Act said that Filipinos could have all privileges except the right to vote/to become citizens, to own land, etc…
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Philippine American Experience
- During the depression of the early 1900’s things got worse for the Filipinos, why?
- This caused the Tydings-McDuffie Act to be passed which gave the Philippines commonwealth with expected assistance from the U.S. with an agreement to limit immigration to 50 persons per year.
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Hispanics
- Refer to a people of Spain.
- Since not all people who speak Spanish are of Spain, the term Latino is often a more inclusive term utilized to refer to this ethnic group.
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What does Latino mean?
- According to the CCSL (Chancellors Committee on the Status of Latinos) members: Nilda Flores, Patricio Navia, Otto Pikaza, Hilda Lopez
- A Latino is a person who identifies with the US Latino experience and self-identifies as a Latino & meets one of the following criteria.
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Criteria:
- Of Latin American Descent of any race who has migrated to the U.S. other than for the pursuit of higher education
- A person of Latin American Descent living in the U.S. (ie Puerto Rico and the Southwest) or a person born in the U.S. who has at least one Latino parent or two Latino grandparents
- Children of business, government, military or other organizational personnel stationed in Latin America are not Latinos even if born in Latin America.
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The Latino Population
Has the influence of three cultures:
- African
- Native-American
- European
The three Latino groups we discuss are:
Mexicans, Puerto Ricans and Cubans
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Why did Mexicans Migrate to the U.S.?
- Mexicans were living here in North America during Manifest Destiny. Later they came to the U.S. due to the Bloody Mexican Revolution.
- Upon arrival, they were mostly employed through the railway, agriculture or mining.
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Mexican American Experience
- It was not to be a permanent move, but just an opportunity to gain wages and go back home.
- They were set apart culturally as well.
- There were many Race Riots (Zoot Suits)
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Puerto Rican Experience
- The Puerto Ricans came to America like all others--for economic opportunity.
- But when they arrived they were discriminated against due to what they brought to America.
- Spanish was their spoken language and they were not an educated people due to the conditions in Puerto Rico.
Workplace Diversity
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Cubans
- Why did they come?
- Migrated mostly to Miami, Florida and what did they do for this area?
- What was different from the first arrival of Cubans to the second group? Why?
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Latino Experience
- Despite the Cubans obvious acceptance over the other Latino groups, none of the Latino ethnicity have received equal treatment in U.S. despite their contributions to society.
- Hispanics colonized over 31 out of the 50 U.S. states.
- Through cowboys, language and culture they have had a profound affect on America as well as provided cheap labor like other people of color.
Activity
- Break into groups of 4
- Read/skim the articles
- Discuss questions
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Discussion
- Are they more than just cheap labor?
- Should laws be created today to limit their full participation in the workplace?
- Do stereotypes impact their participation in the workplace?
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Workplace Diversity
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Racism in America
- While every culture or ethnicity has the premise to be racist, in understanding racism, an important variable to understand is the presence of power.
- It is the power to enforce the “prejudgment” of superiority or inferiority that leads to systematic racism that we find in the workplace.
