PROJECT VI INSTRUCTIONS

You are to submit everything you have done so far.  Include anticipate reductions of anylytes.

Wastewater treatment - Unit III

The two most used processes of water purification are the chemical and the biological processes. However, most of the purification methods that lie under the chemical and the biological means purify water only to about 95%. There is therefore a need to come up with a way to make the water totally clean and safe for use. This is where comes in flocculation, sedimentation and coagulation.

Coagulation is the process of compacting diffused impurities to form solid or semi solid lumps that can be filtered out of a solvent. The process mostly leads to a suspension being formed. Sedimentation process is the process where a solid is formed at the base of a liquid after separation with a liquid. Most of the time, settling the wastewater that was getting treated forms sediments. Flocculation is a process focused on removal of the suspension.

First, the ph of the wastewater needs to be established. This is done using a ph scale that ranges from zero to fourteen. If the ph is less than seven, a basic solution needs to be added to the water to achieve a ph of seven. If has ph greater than seven, an acidic solution needs to be added to bring ph down to seven. The reactions that occur form salt and water, where the salt will be the metal precipitate.

Most of the flocculation processes that are done first by water are agitation or the addition of the flocculation agent. The use of the water has to be considered carefully before flocculation. Some of the flocculation agents added are toxic and are used for water that is not for human consumption but other industrial use. They have to be used based on the particles to be removed in the wastewater. Secondary clarifiers should have an energy dissipater inlet to avoid disturbance of the elaborate sedimentation. Sludge withdrawal system is important to keep the clarifier as less clogged as possible and finally have a full surface skimmer.

Biofilm based system- Unit V

Describe the secondary treatment equipment that you engineered into your treatment process. Be sure and describe the relevance and anticipated reduction of related analytical concentrations within your industrial and hazardous waste treatment system as they correspond with each technology that you selected.

According to (Hollysys (Asia Pacific) Pte Ltd, n.d.) water Treatment Industry project requires a Biological contact oxidation (BCO) scheme as a type of submerged biofilm practice. Unused water comes into contact with the biofilm on the filler. There are micro-organisms in the biofilms; hence through immersed aeration organic filter/ biological contact oxidation tank, biofilm-covered fillers submerge in the wastewater. When biofilms and wastewater meets the organic matter are absorbed in the water by the micro-organic elements followed by, oxidization and degradation into new biofilms. Later, the disconnected biofilms from the filler move alongside water to the secondary sedimentation tank, and exits as the remaining water purify. There is oxygen requirement In the contact oxidation tank, for the micro-organisms comes from the water, hence air supplementation into the water to compensates for the loss of the dissolved oxygen through a perforated air pipeline at the foot of the tank. The air froths rise in the water as a process of the oxygen dissolution into the water proceeds, and sometimes the water yields by the same quota.

In the biological contact oxidation, there must be a big filler tank that offers oxygenation state and Bio-solids measurements in units that volume of the consistent contact oxidation tank that has a high volumetric filling capability. It supplies simple process and managing mechanisms. The bio-solids capacity is bulky the water mixes totally in the oxidation tank due to its sturdier adaptableness to the rapid vicissitudes of water value and magnitude.

The system is efficient as it lacks toxicity and eliminates all water-borne diseases, dissolved organic carbon, turbidity, and color in surface water, thus refining general water quality.

Below is the pictorial illustration: