Review for test

Handout #4 – Zoroastrianism and Judaism TEXTBOOK NOTES (PART 4) 1. The closely related religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are sometimes called the 2. Identify the two common relationships of the Abrahamic faiths a. b. 3. Identify the three common visions/ideas of the Abrahamic faiths a. b. c. TEXTBOOK NOTES (CHAPTER 19) 4. The one God of Zoroastrianism is called 5. Zoroastrians believe that their religion goes back to the teaching of the great prophet 6. The sacred hymns which make up the earliest part of the Zoroastrian sacred text 7. The collection of the sacred texts of Zoroastrianism 8. In addition to the Gathas, extensive documentation exists about the life of Zarathustra (T/F) 9. Divine beings created by Ahura Mazda to aid him 10. The uncreated and self-existing Evil Spirit of Zoroastrianism is called 11. Demonic gods of Zoroastrianism 12. The ‘Lie’, as found in Zoroastrianism 13. The ‘Truth’, as found in Zoroastrianism 14. The group of Zoroastrians who migrated out of Iran to western India are now known as 15. The upholder of truth and rightness in Zoroastrianism 16. A key aspect of Zoroastrian thought is that everything exists in a double state, both physical and spiritual (T/F) 17. Central to Zoroastrian spiritual life is 18. The central symbol in Zoroastrianism is 19. The traditional sanctuary for Zoroastrians is the 20. Because Zoroastrian communities do not accept converts, even through marriage, the Zoroastrian faith can continue only through 21. The fundamental choice that Zoroastrianism calls for is to TEXTBOOK NOTES (CHAPTER 20) 22. Identify the two foundings in Judaism a. b. 23. The Hebrew Bible is also known as the 24. The special name of Israel’s God is 25. The ‘Law’ of the Jewish people is also known as the 26. Abraham and his descendants were agriculturalists who farmed the same land for generations (T/F) 27. The ancestress of the people of Israel is 28. The sign of the covenant between God and the Jewish people is 29. The model of Jewish faithfulness to God in all situations is 30. The name given to the descendants of Jacob, meaning ‘he strives with God’, is 31. Another name for the descendants of Jacob is 32. The great drama of deliverance which began as God called Moses to free his people is the 33. The Jewish festival which commemorates the destruction of the firstborn of Egypt and the deliverance of the Jews is called the 34. The revelation of the Torah on Mt. Sinai climaxed with the making of the 35. Identify the two parts of the covenant which God made with the Jewish people on Mt. Sinai a. b. 36. The Canaanite storm-fertility god was called 37. The Canaanite fertility goddess was called 38. In the tension of the covenant relationship, Israel responds sometimes faithfully, sometimes unfaithfully (T/F) 39. According the archaeologists, the conquest of Canaan was a long process of infiltrating, conquering, and assimilating (T/F) 40. The portable shrine of the Jews, signifying the presence of God, was the 41. The identity of the people of Israel has always been bound up with the 42. Identify the two very important eventual transformations of the Israelite destiny a. b. 43. Identify the key question articulated by the prophet Elijah when he confronted the prophets of Ba’al on Mt. Carmel 44. A primary element of the religion of Israel was the 45. The ‘anointed one’, originally applied to the king but later applied to one who would restore the house of David 46. Spokespersons who receive a word from Yahweh for a particular situation, proclaimed and interpreted it to the king and people 47. The building where the Torah was read and studied, and center of Judaism during the Babylonian Exile 48. The Jewish religious leaders who read, interpreted, and applied the Torah 49. Central to the life in the Jewish community was 50. The Greek translation of the Hebrew scriptures 51. A central figure among Hellenistic Jews, who attempted to show the correlation of the Jewish faith with Hellenistic philosophy 52. The Jewish sect during the time of the Roman occupation which consisted of the ruling class and religious leaders, who cooperated with the Romans and lived conservatively according to the Law 53. The Jewish sect during the time of the Roman occupation which agitated for the violent overthrow of the Roman dominion and the establishing of a new independent Jewish state 54. The Jewish sect during the time of the Roman occupation which withdrew from Jewish society because they considered it too corrupt 55. The Jewish sect during the time of the Roman occupation which reinterpreted the Torah in such a way as to apply it to all aspects of Jewish life 56. The ‘scattering’ of the Jews following the destruction of the Temple in 70 C.E. 57. The Sadducees were the Jews who continued the religion of Judaism in Palestine and beyond following the destruction of the Temple in 70 C.E. (T/F) 58. According to the rabbis, at Sinai God handed down what tow-part revelation? a. b. 59. A striking Jewish notion is that the oral Torah is open-ended, with new things being discovered in the Torah (T/F) 60. The key element in God’s design for the world 61. The rabbinic material (‘oral Torah’)classified and written down under the direction of the Patriarch Judah 62. Further teachings and commentaries on the Mishnah 63. The whole set of writings which contained both the Mishnah and the Gemara, which lays out the complete Jewish way of life 64. The Talmudic scholar who attempted to reconcile the Torah with the intellectual basis of Aristotelian philosophy 65. The medieval form of Jewish mysticism 66. Jews of Germany and France were called 67. Jews of Spain and the Mediterranean areas were called 68. The accusation that Jews murdered Christians and used the blood to bake unleavened bread for Passover is called the 69. Spanish Jews who converted to Christianity, but remained Jewish at heart and kept Jewish practices, were called Marranos, or 70. Isabella and Ferdinand expelled all Jews from Spain in 71. The unique Hebraeo-Spanish language of the Marranos and other Spanish Jews 72. Portions of towns in which Jews were required to live, which acted as conservers of Jewish solidarity and culture, were called 73. The unique Hebraeo-German language of the Ashkenazim and other European Jews 74. The great development of the early modern age, ushered in by the Enlightenment of the eighteenth century was the 75. The Jewish movement which started in Germany as an attempt to keep up with the ideas and realities of modern, scientific, secular life 76. The moderate Jewish movement which kept many of the traditional Jewish rituals but opened doors for newly arrived Jews to begin the move into American society 77. The Jewish movement which saw Judaism as a civilization that evolved to serve the needs of the Jewish people 78. The Jewish movement which sought to retain the total adherence to Jewish law while participating in the life of secular society 79. The Jewish movement which advocated Jewish national liberation and the establishment of Palestine as a Jewish homeland 80. The destruction of European Jewry in the 1930s and 1940s TEXTBOOK NOTES (CHAPTER 21) 81. The short creedal statement based on Deuteronomy 6:4 which shows that the unity of God is the fundamental Jewish theological assertion is called the 82. To say that God is far above and beyond the created world is to say that God is 83. To say that God is near and present to all creatures is to say that God is 84. The divine presence of God that frilled the Israelite tent of meeting and fills all the world as well 85. Theologizing about God is the central focus in the Jewish tradition (T/F) 86. In the Jewish tradition, there is a clear idea of an evil or ‘fallen’ human nature that inevitably drives humans to sin (T/F) 87. The first step toward God, which literally means to ‘turn around’, is known as teshuvah, or 88. The Jewish Day of Atonement, set aside for repentance 89. How many mitzvoth (commandments) are traditionally counted in the Torah? 90. The code of life, as spelled out in the Talmud 91. The supreme obligation for Jews and a means for perfecting the human spirit 92. Jewish tradition has always considered the path of Torah to apply only to Jewish people, so they have never felt they have the mission of bringing other peoples of the world into Judaism (T/F) TEXTBOOK NOTES ( CHAPTER 22) 93. The very center of Jewish life and the supreme symbol of the covenant relationship with God 94. The Jewish New Year, which inaugurates the Days of Awe 95. The Festival of Booths which lasts for seven days, and reminds Jews of the wandering in the wilderness 96. The popular minor festival which recalls the victory of Judah Maccabeus and the Jews over the Seleucids in 165 B.C.E. 97. The early spring festival which commemorates the survival of the Jewish people told in the story of Esther 98. The ritual meal, celebrated during the Passover, which recalls the Exodus from Egypt 99. The festival which remembers the giving of the Torah on Mt. Sinai 100. The prayer cap worn during worship 101. The ritual which all Jewish males participate in on the eighth day after birth 102. The puberty ritual for Jewish males 103. The puberty ritual for Jewish females 104. According to Jewish law, a person is a Jew by birth if 105. The Jewish commandments all boil down to