Intelligent Lab assignment - URGENT
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intelligent_assignment.docx
Name_______________________________________________________________
This is a pretty open ended assignment. Your job is to visit some sites having to do with machine intelligence and then write a commentary about the experience. Remember:
· Good students make connections. Our topic is intelligence -- something that in human beings is highly variable. Be sure that your comments connect to that.
· Good students give details and specific evidence. Try to capture what you are doing while you are doing it. With some of these sites this is not easy, but if you don’t have examples your grade will suffer.
· Good students have ideas. That is, their comments do not merely describe interactions, they derive their own views from them.
To prepare for this assignment you may want to review the section of Chapter 11 of the text “ Overview of Artificial Intelligence” which begins on page 507.
IMPOTANT: You need to give these machines something to work with. Try for full sentences and avoid one word inputs.
ALSO IMPORTANT: Some of these are on rather slow systems -- if you are not getting responses, try a different one and come back later.
Part A: Eliza
“ELIZA is a computer program and an early example of primitive natural language processing. ELIZA operated by processing users' responses to scripts, the most famous of which was DOCTOR, a simulation of a Rogerian psychotherapist. Using almost no information about human thought or emotion, DOCTOR sometimes provided a startlingly human-like interaction. ELIZA was written at MIT by Joseph Weizenbaum between 1964 and 1966.” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA)
This program actually pre-dates most studies of artificial intelligence. We remember it because at the time it was written it attracted a great deal of attention and accelerated research on AI. Most interesting was the discovery that some users believed that this program actually provided psychotherapy. This was never the creator’s intent and it is hard to tell whether people felt that the machine was intelligent (thus passing the Turing test below or if there are just a bunch of gullible people out there.
Remember that this is supposed to mimic a therapist who gets people to talk about emotional issues. The idea is that the patient does most of the talking and the therapist simply directs the conversation. Conversations should be about feelings since that is what the program is designed to recognize.
http://www-ai.ijs.si/eliza/eliza.html
(Note: your conversation disappears as you type new lines -- copy and paste to preserve it)
A1 Specific comments about your interaction with this Eliza
http://www.cyberpsych.org/eliza/ (Not bad. Again, text that scrolls out of the box is lost)
A2 Specific comments about your interaction with this Eliza
A3 A general overview of your experience with these programs
Part B: Turing Machines
“The Turing test is a test of a machine's ability to exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of a human. Alan Turing proposed that a human evaluator would judge natural language conversations between a human and a machine that is designed to generate human-like responses. The evaluator would be aware that one of the two partners in conversation is a machine, and all participants would be separated from one another. The conversation would be limited to a text-only channel such as a computer keyboard and screen so that the result would not be dependent on the machine's ability to render words as speech. If the evaluator cannot reliably tell the machine from the human (Turing originally suggested that the machine would convince a human 70% of the time after five minutes of conversation), the machine is said to have passed the test. The test does not check the ability to give correct answers to questions, only how closely answers resemble those a human would give.
The test was introduced by Alan Turing in his 1950 paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence," while working at The University of Manchester (Turing, 1950; p. 460). It opens with the words: "I propose to consider the question, 'Can machines think?'" Because "thinking" is difficult to define, Turing chooses to "replace the question by another, which is closely related to it and is expressed in relatively unambiguous words."[4] Turing's new question is: "Are there imaginable digital computers which would do well in the imitation game?"” (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test)
Turing’s life was documented in the movie “The Imitation Game” (2014).
Even though more than sixty years have passed there still are annual contests for “chatbots” which are based on the Turing test. It is important to remember that this test is about humanity, not knowledge. Thus IBM’s Watson has great knowledge but does not attempt to interact with people in a realistic way. On the other hand, real people can be odd. They can change topic on a whim, they can misunderstand, and they can be ignorant. Keep this in mind as you chat.
Here are four general attempts to create a machine which might respond in some ways like a human. You only need to comment on three of them The first two may be a bit odd.
Winner of the Leobner Prize (Prize in AI for Chatbots) in 2013
http://www.mitsuku.com/ B1 Specific comments about your interaction with this chatbot.
B2 Specific comments about your interaction with this chatbot.
http://www.abenteuermedien.de/jabberwock/
BE sure to select English! You must hit SEND after each entry!!!!
B3 Specific comments about your interaction with this chatbot.
Chatbots as a commercial product
B4 Specific comments about your interaction with this chatbot.
B5 A general overview of your experience with chatbots
Part C: Captchas
This is a kind of reverse Turing test – you have to prove you are human. CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart. Read the brief explanations at:
and
C1 Explain in your own words what a Captcha is and why they good.
C2 Now read this and tell me why they are bad http://www.captcha.net/ include a discussion of this alternative http://sweetcaptcha.com/
