Gallium Nitride Semiconductors (Technical paper)

The technical paper is going in be about Gallium Nitride Semiconductors technology. The paper will have a various sections regarding this topic, starting from history of Gallium Nitride chemical compound to being one of the main materials in the process of making the semiconductor.

Materials:

The choices of making a semiconductor is mostly limited to three materials Silicon, Germanium, gallium arsenide and Gallium Nitride.

Material Properties:

In the early stages, most commercial semiconductor devices used Germanium, it is rarer and more expensive than Silicon and has no signified advantages. The second most common modern material is Gallium Arsenide, GaAs. It could have a degree of control over its properties by varying the relative amount of Gallium and Arsenic. Gallium nitride has many useful properties that include a large direct gap, high electrical and thermal conductivities, and nearly the hardness of sapphire. at -100°C GaN start decomposing, also it can have high electron velocities and show acoustoelectric effects.

Processing:

The process of making any semiconductor consists of seven steps. Oxide and Nitride film deposition.2) Pattern formation. 3) Isolation formation. 4) Gate formation. 5) Contact formation.6) Interconnect formation.7) Prove testing. When building a field-effect transistor, there is a choice of either Silicon or Gallium Nitride.

Applications:

GaN could be used in the making of large display to provide a better energy-efficiency. Room temperature gallium nitride based lasers can be very efficient compared to previous leaser technology, laser application can be seen in CD, DVD and opto-magnetic memories. Wireless communications systems can benefit from GaN when making Microwave amplifiers to translate into better reception on mobile phones.

Discussion:

The paper will go over the wide range of applications of Gallium Nitride Semiconductors such as wireless devices and highly accurate motion sensors for self-driving car. Further information on the other alternative of semiconductors. GaN transistors have several benefits over silicon.

References: [1] Takahashi, Dean. "Move over, silicon. Gallium nitride chips are taking over." venturebeat. Published by Dean Takahashi, 2 April, 2015. Web. 15 September 2015 <http://venturebeat.com/2015/04/02/move-over-silicon-gallium-nitride-chips-are-taking-over/>

[2] Lesurf, Jim. "Semiconductor Materials." st-andrew. Published by J. C. G. Lesurf,  1995-2006, Web. 15 September 2015 <https://www.st-andrews.ac.uk/~www_pa/Scots_Guide/info/comp/conduct/semicond/semimat/semimat.htm

[3]  D. Emin, T. Aselage, C. Wood. " Properties of Gallium Nitride." MRS Online Proceedings Library. Published by Materials Research Society, 1987. Web. 15 September 2015 <http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8150486&fileId=S1946427400472714#>

[4] "Semiconductor Manufacturing process" Tokyo Electronics. Published by Tokyo Electronics Limited, 1996-2015. Web. 15 September 2015 <http://www.tel.com/product/spe/making/index.htm >