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Surname 5

Name : Abdulrahman Adel

ID : 10112

Use of Mobile Phones While Driving Should Be Banned

According to Distration.Gov, “In 2013, 3,154 people were killed in motor vehicle crashes involving distracted drivers” (para 1). These grim statistics show that distracted driving contributes to the needless death on many motorists on the roads. The issue of distracted driving has received considerable attention in the past few years considering the number of deaths it causes each year. Therefore, the government should ban the use of cell phones while driving because it is one of the leading causes of deaths on the road. When a motorist is using a mobile phone, his attention tends to shift to the conversation or text message (Strayer and Drews 128). That distraction often results in accidents because the driver is not able to respond well to emergency situations. Distration.Gov further notes that, “Engaging in visual-manual subtasks (such as reaching for a phone, dialing and texting) associated with the use of hand-held phones and other portable devices increased the risk of getting into a crash by three times” (para. 6). This clearly shows that this is a dangerous habit that the government should ban immediately because it endangers the lives of other road users as well. Consumer Reports also notes that, “An in-depth conversation that requires a good deal of thought causes a higher level of distraction than a relatively short” (para. 3). To avoid or minimize accidents, drivers should avoid using their mobile phones as it would also minimize the risk of causing harm to other road users. In this case, drivers intending to send or read messages or to make a call should consider pulling aside before proceeding with their journey. Strayer, Drews, and Johnston note that “evidence from a wide variety of sources has established a link between attention and driving” (23). Considering that distracted driving is quite common and the cause of many deaths each year on the roads, the government should consider banning the use of mobile phones while driving because it results to manual, cognitive, and visual distraction. Comment by User: sp Comment by User: where Comment by User: v lengthy intro Comment by User: gr Comment by User: cnt Comment by User: gendered Comment by User: sp Comment by User: rf Comment by User: colloq Comment by User: rf Comment by User: year Comment by User: wd ch

Use of a mobile phone while driving is quite dangerous for a motorist because it causes manual distraction. Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance defines manual distraction as an act that involves “removing one or both hands from the steering wheel to perform non-driving tasks such as dialing a cell phone or adjusting the radio” (para. 5).This habit is dangerous because it often necessitates the driver to rely on one arm to control his or her vehicle. Therefore, when complex maneuvering is required, such a driver might not be able to do it effectively and safely, resulting in an accident. This clearly shows that drivers who use their mobile phones while driving have a higher chance of causing accidents on the road. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration notes that “a distraction is anything that takes your eyes off the road (visual distraction), your mind off the road (cognitive distraction), or your hands off the wheel (manual distraction)” (para. 1). Distracted driving is also quite common among the youth. As the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports, “Nearly half of all U.S. high school students aged 16 years or older text or email while driving” (para. 7). Comment by User: hmmm. Cliché Comment by User: year Comment by User: wd ch Comment by User: cnt Comment by User: rf Comment by User: worthinness

In addition, motorists should avoid the use of mobile phones while driving because it causes mental/cognitive distraction. When a motorist answers a call or tries to send or reply to a text message, he or /she is likely to be engrossed in the issue at hand and losing his concentration on the road. Cognitive distraction is “the most dangerous form of driver distraction” (Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance para. 6). This form of distraction is extremely dangerous because it causes the motorist to lose his focus on the activity of driving. The Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance further notes that “Cognitive distraction can cause a driver to become unaware of critical visual information” (para. 6). This clearly demonstrates why this form of distraction is the leading cause of cause many accidents on the roads especially when one is dealing with negative news. Comment by User: cnt Comment by User: worthiness Comment by User: year Comment by User: gendered Comment by User: rf

Lastly, the use of mobile phones also contributes to visual distraction, especially when the driver has to respond to text messages. The act of reading or writing text messages often necessities the motorist to take his or her eyes off the road. The few seconds that this happens are critical because they affect the motorists’ ability to respond well to critical situations on the road. As Figliola states, “Drivers who use hand-held devices are four times as likely to get into crashes serious enough to injure themselves” (4). Use of mobile phones delays the motorists’ ability to react “as much as having a blood alcohol concentration at the legal limit of 0.08 percent” (Figliola 4). A motorist has significantly higher chances of crashing if he or she is responding to a text message because that activity causes him or her to lose focus on of other motorists. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention notes that, “texting while driving is especially dangerous because it combines all three types of distraction” (para. 2). Comment by User: gr Comment by User: gr

In light of the above mentioned dangers of mobile phone useage while driving, the government should consider banning this habit to save the lives of motorists and pedestrians. “Research has conclusively demonstrated that the use of mobile phones while driving can be distracting and can increase the risk of being involved in a collision by up to 400 per cent” (Rudin-Brown and Jamson 187). There is an urgent need for the government to prohibit this habit because it not only puts to risk the lives of motorists, but also the lives of many pedestrians that use the roads on a daily basis. Comment by User: rf Comment by User: rf

Works cited

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Distracted Driving. 10 Oct. 2014. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance. Distracted Driving A Real Killer! n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

Consumer Reports. Should Cell Phone Use By Drivers Be Illegal? July 20, 2009. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

Distraction.org. What is Distracted Driving? n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

Figliola, Patricia Moloney. Text and Multimedia Messaging: Emerging Issues for Congress. Pennsylvania: DIANE Publishing, 2012. Print.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Distraction. n.d. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

Rudin-Brown, Christina and Samantha Jamson. Behavioural Adaptation and Road Safety: Theory, Evidence and Action. Florida: CRC Press, 2013. Print.

Strayer, David L. and Frank A. Drews. Cell-Phone–Induced Driver Distraction. 2007. Web. 28 Oct. 2015.

Strayer, David L., Frank A. Drews, and William A. Johnston. "Cell Phone-Induced Failures of Visual Attention During Simulated Driving.". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied 9.1 (2003): 23–32. Print. Comment by User: The only academic reference

Good ideas presented

References are not academic

Your essay could benefit from a local or regional perspective to probe the presence of distracted driving in Kuwait

This topic is not argumentative

Grade is 8