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SELP 500: First

Project Review

Session

Preparing for El Niño Mixed Marbles

October 13, 2015

Team Members:

Adnan Alromi

Fahad Alotaibi

Nina Lepp

Noel Rabina

Pierre Marc Paras

1. Overview Goal Statement: To review the Concept of Operations (CONOPS) developed in support of the El Niño Damage Preparation and Prevention project initiative.

Agenda:

● Background Information ● Existing Systems ● Operational Overview ● System Overview ● Analysis of Alternatives ● Risks and Issues ● Key Deliverables, Key Stakeholders, Key Customers

2. Background Information ● El Niño Southern-Oscillation (ENSO)-

fluctuation in ocean and atmospheric temperatures throughout the pacific ocean

● Still unclear on background and reasoning and prediction of pattern

● Schedule varies, roughly 2-7 years in between cycles

● Most damaging effects were in 1972-1973, 1982-1983, and 1997-1998

2.2 El Niño Pattern Information 2015 ● March, May, and June recorded

highest temperatures since 1880

● Last major damage occurred in Winter of 1998 and resulted in $550 Million Dollars in Damages and over 20 inches of recorded rain at UCLA

● 95% chance that El Niño will hit during the 2015-2016 Winter months throughout the United States

3.1 Existing Systems and Operations ● Metropolitan Water District of Southern California “SoCal Water$mart”

○ City Rebates for collecting barrels of water (http://socalwatersmart.com/?page_id=2973 )

Rebates Start at $75 per Barrel

Collecting and re-using rainwater from gutters and downspouts for lawns and gardens minimizes the amount of water flowing into your storm drains, sewer systems and local waterways. Plants and microbes prefer rainwater because it

is naturally “soft” and free of chlorine, fluoride and other chemicals.

Rain Barrel Guidelines

Minimum size: 50 gallons

Rain barrel must be designed for the intended purpose of rain capture

Should have a cover to prevent mosquitos, rodents and debris from entering

The rain barrel must be mounted in a way that allows the barrel to receive water unimpeded from a rain gutter.

Should not block or restrict access to walkways or pathways

Rain barrel must not be connected to the irrigation system and must be distributed through a hose or bucket

Should be elevated 6 inches off the ground on a solid foundation

Should be strapped to your home for safety if the height of the barrel is two times greater than the width

Maximum of four rain barrel rebates allowed per home

Rain barrel must be purchased as an entire rain barrel. Homemade rain barrels do not qualify for rebates

3.2 Existing Systems and Operations ● Los Angles Aqueducts http://www.kcet.org/news/redefine/revisit/commentary/concrete-and-

chaparral/a-self-guided-tour-of-the-los-angeles-aqueduct.html

3.3 Existing Systems and Operations ● LA County DWP - Flood control units http://dpw.lacounty.

gov/lacfcd/sediment/dcon/FactSheet6LACFCDworks.pdf

3.4 Existing Systems and Operations ● LA Stormwater Program - Rain Barrels and Cisterns http://www.lastormwater.org/green-la/low-

impact-development/residential-solutions/rain-barrels-and-cisterns/where-to-get-a-rain-barrel/

4.1 Operational Overview ● Missions

○ Eliminate damaging effects of 2016 El Nino storm and also find ways to effectively utilize the resources provided.

● Operational Policies and Constraints ○ Constraints include industry, state, county, city standards and also funding

allocations. ● Operational Environments

○ The entire southern California area, specifically city infrastructure. ● Personnel (Key Stakeholders/Customers)

○ Residents and industries within this geographical area, especially city employees.

4.2 Operational Overview ● Support Concept and Environment

○ Same as Personnel and operational environment. ● Justification for and Nature of Changes

○ California is currently in a drought and needs external water supply. ○ City infrastructure and facilities are not well-equipped to address and

utilize this natural event. ● Impact

○ Prepare city for natural event. ○ Utilize rainwater to address drought issue.

5.1 Systems Overview ● System Scope

○ Include infrastructure developments, water collection services, etc.

● System Goals and Objectives ○ Efficiently prepare urban environment for any natural disasters dealing

with water usage/deprivation ○ Create infrastructure to capture future rainwater

● Users and Operators ○ Residents and industries within this geographical area, especially city

employees.

5.2 System Overview ● System Interfaces

○ Businesses, industry, residential population, city council, surrounding areas ● System States and Modes

○ Current: ■ City is ill-equipped to handle natural disasters ■ Infrastructure is not in place to capitalize rainwater usage

○ System Intent: ■ City is equipped to handle natural disasters related to water (meteorological disasters) ■ System in place to collect and process rainwater for efficient use

● System Capabilities ○ Infrastructure to take advantage of water:

■ Collection ■ Filtration/Processing ■ Re-entry into LADWP

6. Operation ● Collection (Deliverables):

○ Absorbing Road ■ Water Absorbing Concrete ■ Underground collection directed to LA River

○ Utilizing LA River ■ Serves as singular collection

○ Small collection facilities within the city ■ Direct water from LA river to local collection areas ■ usage of local water facilities (DWP) ■ usage of local companies collection basins

6.2 Operation ● Filtration:

○ Double filtration points

■ Implement filtration points throughout LA River prior to directing water to local collection sites

■ Filtration built into local collection sites

● Dispersement: ○ Pumps ○ Valves ○ Piping

● Maintenance: ○ Mechanical systems (e.g. Pumps and valves)

● Data Collection ○ in order to regulate disbursement

7. Operational Needs Infrastructure:

Personnel (Key Customers/Stakeholders):

Legislature:

8. Operational Scenarios ● Normal Conditions

○ water flow

● “Stress” Conditions ○ stress on filtration and pipes and pumps

● Failure Events ○ when anything goes wrong

● Maintenance Mode ○ personnel and keeping systems after el nino (sustainability)

● Handling Anomalies/Exceptions ○ redundant systems ○ backup electrical

9. Analysis of Alternatives If goal operation does not work, then what else can be done?

Alternative Collectors:

Alternative Filtration:

Alternative Dispersement:

10. Risk and Issues ● City Hindering Standards and Policies ● Local company Policies ● Lack of Rain between storms

○ use of systems created

● Maintenance timeframe and performance prior to and between storms ● Personnel Training ● Water Evaporation Rate ● Funding

Risk Cube

11. Referenced Documents ● AIAA Draft G-043 Standard ● INCOSE handbook for system engineering ● Absorbing Concrete http://www.annistonstar.com/news/water-absorbing-

concrete-demonstrated-in-oxford/article_86fe9740-6c81-11e5-8eed- e3c010cd6d70.html

● https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/capital-weather-gang/wp/2015/07/17/earths-warmest-june-keeps-2015- on-record-breaking-pace/

● Images: ○ https://www.google.com/search?

q=absorbing+concrete&espv=2&biw=1280&bih=705&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAm oVChMIorSypsi0yAIVkDiICh1wfQJo#imgrc=KN--p59h7FDkSM%3A

○

Appendix A Team Member Participation:

1. Overview- Nina 2. Background Info - Nina 3. Existing Systems - Noel 4. Operational Overview - Fahad 5. System Overview - Nina 6. Operation - Pierre 7. Operational Needs - Fahad 8. Operational Scenarios - Adnan 9. Analysis of Alternatives - Noel

10. Risks and Issues - Adnan