Sociology essay
wooruf
7_dramaturgy.pptxChapter 7
Dramaturgical theorizing
Emile durkheim on religion
Creation of group solidarity
Group solidarity
Interaction
Emotional effervescence
Symbolic representation in totems
Rituals
People symbolize emotional energy
Sacred symbol
Rituals
People are morally bonded
Collective effervescence
Common emotional mood
Common focus of attention
Co-presence
Totems
Create bond of kinship among people not related by blood
Act as an emblem that represents the clan
Are used during religious ceremonies
Rituals and totems
It’s not just about sports
Mardi-gras
Erving Goffman’s Dramaturgy
Life as a play
Elements of interaction
Script
Role
Physical setting
Props
Style
Audience
Front Stage/Back Stage
Front stage
Where we give our performances
Back stage
Where we can retreat and relax
Same area can be front or back stage at different times
style
How does this teen play her child role?
Props
encounters
Focused
One single focus of attention
For a limited amount of time
Conversation, board game, joint task
Unfocused
Communication occurs only because are in the same place at the same time
People monitor each other’s behavior
In the street, waiting room
Our class as a focused encounter
Focused encounters
Single cognitive and visual focus of attention
Mutual and preferential openness to verbal communication
Heightened mutual relevance of acts
Eye-to-eye ecological huddle
Emergent “we” feeling
Ritual and ceremonial punctuation of openings, closings, entrances, and exits
Procedures for corrective compensation of deviant acts
membrane
Rules
Irrelevance
Transformation
Realized resources
Talk
Self-respect
breaches
Rules fail
Incident disrupts interaction
Dysphoria
Corrective measures
Tact
Tension
Don’t exclude outside material
Don’t regulate the flow of interaction
Breaches
Rituals
Key to maintain social order
rituals
Deference
Avoidance rituals
Demeanor
Body language and appearance
Presentation rituals
Gives clues to desirable or undesirable qualities
roles
Role distance
Role embracement
self
Always in performance
Territories of self
talk
Central to focusing attention
Highly regulated and ritualized
Conversation tracking
Footing for interaction
Yikes!
Let’s not talk about that.
He’s always so chatty.
Disruption and repair
Potential for embarrassment
Tact
Unfocused encounters
Many features of focused encounters
No defined membrane
Behave so as NOT to become the focus of attention
Territories of self
Space
Turns
Information
Conversation
Repair work
Accounts
Apologies
Requests
“She didn’t know”
“He wasn’t paying attention”
“With this wind!”
“I didn’t mean to.”
“I hope I didn’t hurt you.”
“May I buy you another coffee?”
“Would you mind if I…?”
Arlie hochschild
Emotional labor
Emotion culture
Feeling rules
How much of the emotion we should feel
Should it be positive or negative?
How long should it last?
Display rules
Nature, style, and intensity of expressive behavior
What are the rules for…
Getting an A on a test
Failing a class
Getting married
Losing a job
Winning the lottery
Emotion work
Managing emotion and making appropriate self-presentation
Body work
Surface acting
Deep acting
Cognitive work
The effect of modernity
Increases amount of emotional work people have to perform
Not rewarding
People must repress their true emotions
Candace clark
Feeling culture
Strategic dimensions of sympathy giving
Microeconomics
Exchange dynamics
Give sympathy and expect gratitude, pleasure, relief
Micropolitics
Sympathy giving enhances status
The person receiving it needs help
Integrative effects
Exchange of positive emotions
Reinforces social bonds between giver and receiver
Safety valve
Moral drama
Establish hierarchies that order social relations
Extension of sympathy
Structural differentiation
Individualism
Isolation from traditional support networks
Sympathy extended to individual emotional problems
Stress
Identity crises
Divorce
Loneliness
Difficult relationships
Dissatisfaction at school, home, work…
Sympathy entrepreneurs
Medicine
Physical and mental ills
Social sciences
Racism
Sexism
Discrimination
Urban blight
Lower class position
Difficult family situation
Rules to determine who deserves sympathy
Special deprivation
Special burden
Balance of fortune
Vulnerability
Potential
Special responsibility
Social worth
Off-the-shelf ways to express grief
Lines of sympathy credit
How much sympathy are you entitled to?
Moral worth
Past history of being sympathetic to others
Nature of plight
Sympathy etiquette
Don’t lie
Don’t ask for too much
Don’t take it for granted
Don’t accept too readily
Don’t give too much!
Claiming
Accepting
Repaying
Randall collins
Interaction ritual chains
Interaction chains
Co-presence
Mutual awareness
Common focus of attention
Common emotional mood
Rhythmic coordination
Emotional entrainment
Symbolic representation
Sense of moral righteousness
Emotional energy as rational choice
Practical activities
Interaction rituals
Find a story
For a concept from either Chapter 6 or 7
Hint 1:
Hochschild and Clark might work best
The idea of rituals isn’t bad either
Hint 2:
Try people Magazine or the lifestyle pages
