ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Sample of MLA Annotated Bibliography-this sample provides students with an example of the Annotated Bibliography content. It does not match MLA or APA format. Please consult your assignment sheet.

Amir, Lisa H. “Social Theory and Infant Feeding.” Editorial. International Breastfeeding Journal. BioMed Central Ltd, 2012. Web. 5 Oct. 2012.

Lisa Amir’s article “Social Theory and Infant Feeding” details just what it conveys, the overwhelming social opinion of breast-feeding has a profound effect on its implementation. Amir suggests using social scientist to employ the required effects to change society’s opinion of breast-feeding from negative to a positive and thus increase the rates of breast-feeding. By exploring the studies of Lay knowledge (“or the meanings and experiences influenced by the social circumstances in which people live”) and the eating habits of different societies it is determined how and why societies have different views about what is normal accepted healthy practices. By understanding why the stigma of breast-feeding occurs within a society, it then can begin to change toward acceptance. Amir also portrays that most women know breast-feeding is best but that knowledge does not translate into action, breast-feedings is an ancient practice that will forever be a part of our existence but moving societies toward accepting and promoting its practice is yet to come.

Amir’s editorial provides insight into a range of societies breast-feeding practices and opinions; therefore I will use this source to show how the controversy began, why it continues, and possible signs of change.

“Breast-feeding.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. USA.gov, 2012. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/government-in-action/hhs-blueprints-and-policy-statements/index.cfm>.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has a breast-feeding portion of their website that provides valuable information regarding current statistics of breast-feeding as well as the racial divide there seems to be concerning breast-feeding. The CDC provides local and state intervention programs regarding the support of a breast-feeding population and the specifics required to close the racial gap concerning this issue. When one clear choice can be made to affect the overall health of an entire population, it would be unintelligent to employ its effects; therefore the CDC is taking strides to improve breast-feeding rates and subsequently lower the rate of many illnesses and disease in this country. This website also includes when a mother should not breast-feed as to ensure the best possible health of her child, such as chemotherapy treatments, drug use, HIV positive mothers and mothers with tuberculosis; the CDC is concerned with promoting good health throughout the country and while breast-feeding is best in most cases, there are a select few that are better to use formula.

I will use this website to argue that encouraging the women who are classified as healthy to breast-feed is a proved bonus to our society and we must cross racial barriers to reach all mothers, thus providing our society with stronger generations to come.

Gartner, Lawrence M. “Ethical Issues in Breast-Feeding Support.” Lactation Matters. International Lactation Consultant Association, 2012. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://lactationmatters.org/2011/09/08/ethical-issues-in-breastfeeding-support/>.

The Lactation Matters website provides a detailed lecture from Dr. Lawrence Gartner entitled “Ethical Issues in Breast-Feeding Support.” This work is geared toward the medical professionals whom may allow companies to financially sway medical facilities or professionals to support their brand or product when it is known otherwise. Dr. Gartner continues on into the ethical realm of what these slides in decision making really employ, in the case of breast-feeding we (society) should be working toward healthier goals and as medical professionals only the best advice for mother and child should be given and supported. Given coercion doesn’t come into play and the mother makes the ultimate decision; Dr. Gartner deters from the scenario of mentioning the fantastic elements of breast-feeding and then sending the patient home with an array of free items from the formula companies; formula companies that possibly gave a large grant in your favor. The ethical practices of the medical world play a huge role in the success of breast-feeding; Dr. Gartner efforts graciously called the delicate issue of ethical support of breast-feeding to the forefront.

I will use the discussion of Dr. Gartner to communicate the importance of acceptance, support, and promotion of breast-feeding beginning with the medical profession and continuing through to the government level, the ethical bounds are the same.

Olson, Elizabeth. “Massachusetts: Court Rules for Breast-Feeding Test-Taker.” The New York Times [New York] 2012: n. pag. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://www.nytimes.com>.

Elizabeth Olson reports in a news brief the decision of the Massachusetts Supreme Court that breast-feeding mothers should be afforded special accommodations when taking state medical licensing exams. This ruling brought before the Supreme Court by a Harvard Medical School student when she was denied access during a state issued exam to retreat a private room to express her milk. After the verdict was ruled in her favor the courts decided “lactation is a sex-linked distinction that is legally protected.”

I will use this short news brief to employ the argument for the need of passing legislation to protect women’s breast-feeding rights; this ruling could be another tipping point of forging more breast-feeding friendly legislation.

Petit, William A., Jr., and Christine Adamec. “Breast-Feeding and Diabetes.” The Encyclopedia of Diabetes. 2nd ed. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. facts on File. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://www.fofweb.com.bloomington.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy.ivytech.edu/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE$*&SID=5&iPin= ENDB0041&SingleRecord=True>.

In this work “Breast-feeding and Diabetes” by William Petit Jr. and Christine Adamec, the benefits of breast-feeding for both mother and child are clearly expressed through the medical element of diabetes. Diabetes a disease plaguing our society of adults and children alike, the studies show that breast-feeding has a direct impact on the development of diabetes in breast-fed children as well as medical benefits for the diabetic breast-feeding mother. While a diabetic mother begins her delicate balance of motherhood upon conception, breast-feeding hasn’t always been encouraged for diabetic mothers because of the delicate nature of the disease; however, now it is proved diabetic mothers too will benefit and safe feeding procedures are passed along to keep the mother’s glucose levels in range before, during, and after feedings. The discovery of breast-milk effects on diabetes is a big beginning step to rid societies of the disease.

I will use Petit and Adamec’s work to argue the massive impact on society breast-feeding can have, when improving the health of the society as a whole the legislators should take notice of an easy cost effective way to lower health care cost by simply making breast-feeding a priority.

Pickert, Kate. “The Man Who Remade Motherhood.” Time 2012: 32-39. Print.

Kate Pickert has brought the topic of attachment parenting to the forefront with her Time magazine cover title “Are You Mom Enough”, showcasing her article “The Man Who Remade Motherhood” a profile of Dr. Sears. Pickert reports the affects of Dr.Sears popularization of attachment parenting style and the controversy behind the movement. The article explains the progression of a certain feminist appeal where women can return to be the attentive mothers infants require; all the while critics argue this attachment parenting guidelines is aimed at returning women to the home and out of the workplace. While few actually dispute the results of attachment parenting its biggest controversy comes into play in the actual implementation of the method, a method which leaves most mothers feeling inadequate and allows no room for outside the home engagements. While the dubbed “extreme” attachment mothers do in fact carry out this practice, most mothers are required to work outside the home and must settle for a lighter approach. Breastfeeding is one of the main concepts of Dr. Sears attachment parenting guidelines, not just the receiving of breast-milk but receiving of the milk from the breast; additionally this practice is continued into the toddler stage and beyond. Pickert continues on to develop Dr. Sears reasoning while deciphering through years of his research and development of the topic, this allows for the long-term effects of breastfeeding (from the breast) to be highlighted and while a controversial method the medical evidence of receiving breast-milk is rarely disputed.

This article by Pickert will allow me to effectively weigh the many elements in the controversy of breastfeeding, with this current spark of debate raging on we must understand while attachment parenting is an extreme form of parenting; the realization that true feminism rights must allow for women to be mothers and CEOs alike, the door to the home for a mother is constantly revolving.

Turkington, Carol, and Karen Krag. “Breast-Feeding and Cancer.” The Encyclopedia of Breast Cancer. N.p.: n.p., n.d. N. pag. Facts on File. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://www.fofweb.com.bloomington.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxy.ivytech.edu/activelink2.asp?ItemID=WE48&SID=5&iPin= EBC0098&SingleRecord=True>.

Breast-feeding and Cancer written by Carol Turkington and Karen Krag exposes us to the medical statistics that women who breast-feed lower their risk for breast cancer. While the studies for age of breast feeding and pre-menopausal versus post-menopausal are still developing, the direct results of breast-feeding reducing the breast cancer risk is considerable. Turkington and Krag include the comparison of high developed countries and developing countries, and that within developing countries mothers are forced out of means to breast-feed and breast-feed for a longer period of time as a result the occurrence of breast cancer is considerably lower than that of women in highly developed countries. This work continues to describe breast-feeding recommendations as well as the length of breast feeding, studies show women that breast feed longer (combining times the breast-feeding of multiple children) for periods of 6 years or more drastically reduce their risk of breast cancer.

This work of Turkington and Krag will allow me to argue the positive effects of breast-feeding not only from the baby’s health perspective, but now also the mother’s health perspective.

Wang, Shirley S. “A New Tactic to Encourage Mothers to Breast-feed.” Wall Street Journal [New York] 1 May 2011: D1. ProQuest LLC. Web. 1 Oct. 2012. <http://search.proquest.com.bloomington.libproxy.ivytech.edu.allstate.libproxyaccountid=41070>.

In the Wall Street Journal article, Shirley Wang reports breastfeeding rates are well below the public health goals of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Therefore, hospitals are being encouraged to change their practices to better introduce mother and baby to solid breastfeeding habits, beginning immediately after birth. Now hospitals are understanding the importance of skin to skin bonding immediately after birth between baby and mother, with the first breast feeding occurring within a half hour of birth; a few simple changes in delivery room procedure allows for this crucial time to be spent between mother and baby before the weighing and clean up begins. These seemingly small efforts can ultimately decide the success or failure of continued breastfeeding efforts. Wang continues to describe breast-feeding habits that are developed early on in the hospital during the first moments of life allow for more positive results medically and socially, this form of nutrition requires much more open information and discussion to become the common practice of the majority of mothers.

I will use this article to develop the idea of society shifting its opinion of breast-feeding due to informative beginning at the hospital; if breast-feeding becomes the new normal the stigma associated with it will decline.

“Womens Health Breast-Feeding.” Womens Health.gov. Ed. Office of Womens Health. US Department of Health and Human Services, n.d. Web. 5 Oct. 2012. <http://www.womenshealth.gov/breastfeeding/government-in-action/hhs-blueprints-and-policy-statements/index.cfm>.

The government website for women’s health has an extensive amount of information concerning breastfeeding issues. This website contains information on workplace breast-feeding programs as well as the massive importance of encouraging and supporting breast-feeding our children for the betterment of society. Additionally this site provides the Surgeon General’s call to action regarding breast-feeding which lists the details of the “Affordable Care Act” signed on March 23, 2010 which is a part of the Fair Labor Standards act; this act states that any employer must allow any nursing employee to take a break to express breast-milk and also provide a private area (other than the bathroom) for the employee to perform the act. The overall content of this source, while government funded, is relatively neutral in providing factual information surrounding the issues of breast-feeding from tips and tricks to the extent of handling breast-feeding in public or society as a whole. Again the question of breast-feedings health advantages are not the issue, on this most can agree however, the introduction of society’s opinion make this issue an ever growing current topic.

I will use this website as a primary or secondary source to solidify an argument for breast-feeding with additional information from this credible source.