BIODIVERSITY EXERCISE
Plant and Soil Science 390 Food Forever
Module 2 Biodiversity Exercise
Activity 3
Introduction
Do the exercise
Example
Questions
Post your results to your group
Post consensus statement
Introduction
You have read and heard about biodiversity. Now you are going to go and measure it right outside by where you live! This is a simple exercise, but it may sharpen your awareness and give you a sense of factors that influence the diversity of organisms.
Here is a form that you can use for your measurements. You can fill it out, copy it, and paste it into a note to your discussion board group.
BIODIVERSITY FORM
Do The Exercise
Step 1. Go out to an area of lawn (wherever you can find some in your yard, a neighbor's, or in a nearby park!). Describe the site in your data sheet.
Step 2. With a yardstick, tape measure, or just by pacing it with your feet, mark a square that is 3 feet on a side. Mark the corners of the square with sticks.
Step 3. If you have successfully found a lawn (not artificial turf!) there will be lots of plants growing in your marked square. In the first column of the record sheet, list all of the different kinds of plants that you see. Only include living plants not sticks, pine cones, rocks, etc.!
Step 4. Of the total plants in the square, record the proportion represented by each type in the second column of the record sheet. That should be the proportion of the plants in the square, not the proportion of the area. The proportions of all the plant types should sum up to one.
Step 5. In the third column, square the proportion of each plant type (i.e., multiply it by itself).
Step 6. Get the sum of the third column. This is the Simpson Index.
Step 7. Follow the same procedure as above for a second site. The other site should be in a less managed area, such as an untended area on the side of your house, in a vacant lot, in a forest, by a stream, etc.
Example for Site #1
PLANT Fraction of Plant in the Plot (ni/N)
Fraction Squared (ni/N)
2
Grass #1 0.40 0.160 Grass #2 0.20 0.040 Weed #1 0.20 0.040 Weed #2 0.05 0.003 Weed #3 0.05 0.003 Clover 0.10 0.010
Total 1.00 0.26 Simpson Index
Questions
1. According to the Simpson Diversity Index, which site was more diverse?
2. Based upon your observations and reading, provide as many possible explanations as you can for the diversity that you observed.
3. If you doubled or tripled the sampling area, how would the measured index for each site change? Why?
Post Your Table of Results and Answers to the "Assignments" Link