informative speech
alyzia
introduction_conclusion_and_transitions-2.pptxComm. 1101
Organizing Your Speech
The “4 S” Strategy for Developing Key Ideas
Signpost the Idea
State the Idea
Support the Idea
Summarize the Idea
Signpost
Numbers (one) or words (initially, second, or finally) that signal the listener of the speaker’s place in the speech.
Students are able to process information more effectively when speakers use obvious organizational cues
How to use the “4-S” Strategy within the Speech
I.)
II.)
III.)
IV.)
A.)Signpost
B.)Signpost
C.)Signpost
(Transition: Signpost/Summarize)
I.) State
A.)Support
B.) Support
(Transition: Signpost/Summarize)
II.) State
A.)Support
B.) Support
(Transition: Signpost/Summarize)
III.) State
A.)Support
B.) Support
(Transition: Signpost/Summarize)
I.)
A.)Summarize
B.)Summarize
C.)Summarize
II.)
Comm. 1101
Transitions
(linking one idea to the next)
Connecting the Ideas Using Transitions
Four Types of Transitions
Complementary Transition
Causal Transition
Contrasting Transition
Chronological Transition
Comm. 1101
Adds one idea to another.
Example: Now that we have looked at the different types of coffee, let’s examine the different tastes.
Causal Transition
Establishes a cause –effect relation between two ideas.
Example: Now that we are more familiar with the study groups on campus, lets see how they might positively affect our grades.
Contrasting Transition
Shows how two ideas differ.
Example: Although some people believe that Pocatello has limited activities, others believe the surrounding wilderness provides endless adventures!
Chronological Transition
Shows how one idea precedes or follows another in time.
Example: Now that your backpack is full of gear, let’s jump on the trail and find a camp spot!
Comm. 1101
Introducing and Concluding Your Speech
Functions of a Speech Introduction
I. Get the attention of your audience.
II. Establish the importance of your topic to your audience.
Why do they need to listen to your speech? What will they gain?
III. Establish your credibility to speak on your topic.
Research, personal experience, citations.
IV. Preview the key ideas of your speech.
Strategies for Getting Your Audience’s Attention
Question your audience.
Rhetorical or Direct?
Arouse curiosity
Keep the audience in suspense.
Stimulate imagination.
Appeal to our senses.
Promise something beneficial.
How will your audience benefit?
Amuse your audience.
Open with a joke.
Energize your audience through your energized presence.
Positive attitude, appropriate dress, a confident walk to the podium, direct eye contact, a friendly smile, erect posture, a strong voice, etc.
Functions of a Speech Conclusion
Summarize your main points.
Tell us what you told us.
Provide closure.
An effective final statement ties the speech together and provides a strong note of closure.
Circular Conclusion – The final statement refers to material used in the attn. getter.
