World Religions 3 page paper

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Religion	Cosmogony - Origin of the Universe	Nature of God	View of Human Nature	View of Good and Evil	View of “Salvation”	View of After Life	Practices and Rituals	Celebrations and Festivals
Hinduism	there are many creation stories in hinduism for instance they belief there was the sacrifice of a man referred to as Purusa and is body turned out to be the universe. Another creation belief is that the universe was created from the breath of a god referred to as Vishnu. the breath multiplied and created the earth.	Brahman is the supreme being to hinduism. He cannot be seen nor heard but his the ultimate creator.	human nature has some expectataions for instance they should perform sacrifices to their gods, perform specific duties to the society and bear children. Mostly sons are encouraged.	In hinduism there is the belief of karma in that every action you take has its own consequences. The fruits of doing good will be rewarded in the after life for instance one can live a great life whereas the fruits of evil will be pain and suffering. Any evil or good happens because of what happened in our previous lives.	Hinduism values salvation this is because they view it as a way of finding a resting place. There are four stages referred to has toga that enable salvation to take place first, jnana yoga whereby knowledge of nature and understanding it. Secondly, bhakti yoga which talks about love, devotion through worship. in addition, karma yoga whereby one performs task without hoping for repayment. lastly, raja yoga where people mideitate and try to find a relaxed position to reach Braharam.	They belief in the after life whereby people either get the rewards or punishment for what they did while on earth.	The most common hindu ritual is the hindu worship refreerd ro as puja. It can be done in a temple or at home. A representation of the god is bathed with milk, honey, curds and water then dressed with very nice outfits and presented with flowers. The rite involves some music, chnats, incense and bells. the room is lightened up witha lamp.	There are many festivals in the religion of hindu's namely: rama navami, ratha jayanti, ratha yatra, rakshi bandhana, ganesh chaturthi and many more. The practices involved are fasting, visiting the temple, visiting relatives, distribution of helpings, deities procesion, getting new clothes and many more. this festivals bbrings unity to the menbers.
Hinduism and Jainism	in Jainism, they do not belief that the universe was created in fact to them there is no creator therefore the idea is wrong.	There is no god in Jainism. They belief in a perfect soul which can be created but don’t have an existing god whi can be worshipped.	they that when an individual perfects their human nature then they can be a god. A person should be liberated by dealing with their karmas.	In Jainism they belief in karma in regulating the good and evil in the society. According to them evil shows that their in no god but that there is human natures.	They do not belief in salavation because there is no greater being who can salvage people. To Janaist people should only what is right in their own way because there is karma. Anybody who desires something is not perfect	They don’t belief in the after life but they know the beings that are in heaven are referred to as arhats who have higher knowledge. They bring good karma to the people hence worshipped.	the daily practices of jainism involves medidating, giving honor to tirthankara, control of the bosy by standing in the same position throughout the time, not taking food and abstaing during the period, respecting the spiritual leaders and repenting for the wrongs one has done. this rituals are done each day.	special celebrations performed ny jainists are twelev tithies which takes place 12 times in a month. New year day which celebrates the new year. Ghyan panchmi which happens on the 5th of the new year. It celebrates the holy scriptures through worship. poh dasmi this involves three days of fasting. navpad which is a day of partial fatsing. there are more celebrations.
Buddhism	Buddhism belief that the universe is part of an illusion. They think the universe came aabout because of the actions of the people who live in it therefore it is just a flux.	they do not belief in existence of God in fact they belief that the idea of god came about because of peoles fear.	in buddhism human nature has to follow through five aggregates that is conciousness, mental constructions, cognition, feeling and body. A person has no self therefore they depend on the five aggregates.	Good and evil cannot be separated in buddhism. You cannot say an individual is evil nor good because evil or good is measured by the impact it has on people or other peoples lives and individuals are capable of being evil or good.	Salvation in buddhuist can be achieved by reaching nivada. This is whereby one is able to be just. Salvation is not the key thing in buddhuism in fact alleviating suffering is more important.	In buddhaism they belief in the after life whereby some will be punished for the wrongs they made and others will be rewarded for the good they did. Through karma the punishment lasts until the deed is wholly punished.	there are many rituals in buddhuists for instance offering respect to the buddha, confessiion time which involves confeessing one's mistakes, precept ceremonies, calling for spirits to protect people, initiationa of buddhas, blessings and many more. This rituals creates a stronger feeling in the religion and unifies people.	there are also many celebrations in the Buddhist religion. For instance there is dhamna day which occurs on the full moon which celebrates the first teaching . Secondly, vesek which is Budddhas birthday. Magha puja day which celebrates an important event on the life of the buddah. there are more celebrations such as uposatha, songkran and kathina ceremony.
Daoism and	Daoism is the origin of the universe according to the tao beievers. They belief they are the universe	They do not have a god although some worship laozi who is the founder of the religion. They belief in the way	in daoism human nature is the same has how nature works for instance when an individual is follows nature and his determined to improve themselves then the result is great but when they deviate from expectations then they will destroy their lives.	In daoism good is associated with nature. Basically man is born when good an individual does evil things when their needs or feelings are not fulfilled. An example is when you see a child about to fall to a well the first instict will be to help the child not to be a superhero.	salvation is not a necessity in taoism. They belief there is nothing that a individual needs to be saved from. The major objective is to live a long life by taking medication and eating healthy food.	After life has no meaning ta daotism this is because they focus more on living a long fulfilling life. To them when a person dies they go back to tao in fact nobody cares about what happens after death.	Taoist practice numerous rituals and rites for instance death rites which are done to protect the persons spirit from any kind of evil. The spirits were petitioned to stay away from the spirit of the dead so that they can find a peaceful transition to the other world.	Major celebratiosn such has chinese new year are celebrated all over china but taoism has its own unique celebrations. For instance first lunar month celebrates the new year and the manifestation year. Secondly, second lunar which celebrates the birthday os the earth father. third lunar month celebrates the birthday of the god of rain. 4th lunar month celebrates the birthday of immortal lu tung-pin. and many more.
Confucianism	They belief that the universe was created by the tao forces which was followed through by the yin and yang forces, energy and tension. This all combined created the universe.	There is no god in this religion. There exists a force referred to as tao who they belief is the creator.	Human nature can only be established by being morally upright and having a good education. For instance one standing rule is that if you do not want others to do that do you then don’t do it.	In confucianism good and evil are part of life. Evil acts as a learning point so that an individual can be a better person. Doing good is a blessing . Feeling sorry to those hurting is normal in this religion but has expected not all people are capable of feeling empathy.	They do not belief in salvation because they have not god who they can worship. Confucianism are all about humanity therefore salvation is something they do not perform.	After life doesn’t exist with confucianism this is because they belief the idea is complicated for human beings. People should not base their decisions and actions on what can happen to them in the afterlife instead they should focus on their lives.	The confucianism don’t really have rituals and rites because they were never a religion. The only noticeable rite is the death rite because they respect the death. The family mourn their loved one and chant pryaers which comforts them. The religious leader is present who buries the dead. their is a ceremont that is held to commemorate the person.	there are no specific celebrations in this religion because most believers are always of other religion therefore they always celebrate their celebrations. For instance some celebrate easter Monday. The members celebrtae the birthday of confucius.
Shinto	they belief that the universe was created by Kami who is the god. He began in heave and gave birth to the daughters and sons which form the universe.	They belief in Kami has the supreme God who is above evryone because he gave then life	in shinto beliefs humans are sacred in nature. They can be corrupted through many forms for instance diseases. This leads to creation of sin which can be corrected through purification.	To understand good and evil in Shinto we need to know the role of purity. Purity is what can push a person away from Kammi therefore according to them everyone is born pure its only sin and pollution that can allianate an individual. Evil are mostly caused by sin and can be dwelt with through purification or cleansing rituals.	The concept of salvation in Shintoism is worshipping kami through rituals or festistals that honour him. It is mostly referred to as matsuri. The afterlife is important to shinto's therefore they should live a purified life so that they are able to protect their people when they die.	Shinto's belief in the afterlife. They belief that kami's spirit is around and that the human nature spirit will prevail. There is the other world that is heaven that the good spirits live and yomi which deals with death. The spirits can connect through festivals or rituals whereby they protect their people.	the most common shinto ritual is purification which is performed by male priests and assisted by the female ones. It involves cleansing before reaching out to kami who is the god. Other rituals are praying, making food and many more.	In shinto religion a major festival is taisai which takes many days during the celebrations. It involves all the people and doesn’t necessarily involve the shrine. A shime which is a sacred rope is hang on each door to show the presence of kami on each homestead. there is a procession which folllows the mikoshi that everyone stops and worships because it has the presence of kami the god. everybody takes part in this festival hence creates a bond between the worshippers.
Judaism	Just like christians jews belief that the universe was created by God. They belief that it was created in six days by God and that the idea of evolution is wrong. The universe did not evolve has scientist like to belief	They belief in the mighty being that is God has their father. He is above everyone in the religion and guides them.	according to judaism human nature can be in two ways the spirit and the body. The spiritual one is whereby God directs a person but the physical nature is directed by an individual.	Judaism belief that God is good and that he created evil so that people can be able to make their own choices. He made people on his own image that shows how much he loved the people. Evil can be avoided by choosing to be obedient to God at all times. In the afterlife people will be punished for the sins they have made.	In judaism the idea of personal salvation is not really acknowledged. They believe God can forgive one's sins and also that he is the only one that should judge an individual. They are waiting for the messiah who will salvage them and give them eternal lives.	In judaism afterlife is not also well pronounced. This is because they are still waiting for the messiah who will pass judgement. They are more concerned on their whether they are living morally upright. The old testament doesn’t talk much about the afterlife.	Jewish rites and rituals are classified as private and corporate. Private is whereby an individual prays three times a day in house or whenever a person is. Attending the sabbath schools early morning worship. Jews cover their head when in prayers. They read through scrolls.	Jewish ceremonies involve the sabbath which is the most important. It happens on the 1st day of each week and jews go to the synangogue to pray. The all day is dedicated to God for prayers and worship. Succoth in another celebrations whereby takes eight days and the believers rejoice in the love of God. chanukah is another ceremony whereby celebrates the recapture of the jews temple.
Christianity	In christianity they belief that the universe was created by God. The first book of Genesis in the Bible talks about God creating the universe. They don’t belief in evoluation.	In christianity they believe in God who is the creator of heaven and earth and forgives them their sins.	Humans are viewed has people who can make mistakes but they will find refuge in the mighty God because he forgives their sins.	Good and evil exists in the christian religion. They belief human being were born sinners therefore the religion tries to make people just through salvation. Eve and adam created the original sin that has beem punishment to the whole christians. Good deeds will be rewarded while evil will be punished	salvation is valued in the christian religion. They belief Jesus Christ is the sonn of God who was sent to take away their sins which happens through salvation. Jesus is the way to slavation in christianity.	christians belief in the afterlife. They belief there is another world referred to as heaven whereby the rightious will be taken and hell whereby the sinners will be taken. There are promises of a great afterlife for those who will worship God and hell for those who will not worship him.	cxhristians have many rites which are practiced overally by the many denominations. For instance attending churches each Sunday, taking sacraments, offering to the lord, worshipping, preaching and many more. This rites are the same in many denominations	christians also celebrate holidays or festivals which also applies to all denominations. For instance christmas which marks the birth of jesus christ. Secondly, thanksgiving which marks the resurrections of jesus christ. This are the major celebrations.
Islam	In islam they belief that the universe was created by God that is Allah. They also don’t rule out evoluation but belief that if it happened then it is God who created it	They belief in Allah who is their supreme God. He is worshipped by all islam people.	human nature is also the same in islam has in christianity. People are expected to worship allah and live in his image. They belief that adam and eve's seen was forgiven and doesn’t affect human beings now.	Good and evil is present in Islam. Good people are those people who foolow the rules that Allah gave especially the five pillars of islam. Evil is present from the time he refused to worship adam Allah eliminated him from heaven. Iblis tries to tempt good people not to worship allah.	The koran doesn’t agree to the idea of salvation because it states that salvation depends with actions of an individual. On the other hand they belief that repentance is given by Allah therefore people should follow his teachings.	Islam belief in the afterlife. In fact the promises given for a person who lives a righteous life is overwhelming. It encourages people to worship Allah. For those who don’t worship allah they will face the wrath especially the infidels who have a chnace to join the religion	Islam does the following rites namely: naming ceremony when a child is born, shadada which marks the beginning of the muslim journey in a child, marriage ritual which is performed when oneis tying the knot and funerals which is the last rite to an individual.	just like other religions islam has major celebrations. Foremost, ramadan which is the most important in the muslim world. It involves fasting and repentance to allah. Id-ul-adha occurs after ramadan and celebrates the poor in the society and the respect of abraham the father of the nation. al-isra wal miraj celebrates the journey of muhammed to meccah.
Sikhism	The sikh belief that the universe was created by God in fact everything that is the universe was created by God. They don’t know for how long it took to create but all the same it is God.	Sikhs belief in the existence of god because he is seen everywhere through his acts. He can be seen by anyone who wants to dedicate his time to see him	Human nature in sikhism requires individuals to walk on the sikh path and live truthful lives. They must live according to the Guru's teachings.	In sikhism everything that occur is through the will of God. In fact evil was created by God to test the strength of people and also to give them things to learn about. Mostly pain and suffering are caused by people's choices. Its only people who can differentiate between good and wrong therefore sikh's should make the right choices each day.	for sikhs in order for one to attain salavtion they have to live atruthful life and reach out to God on a daily basis. It is not necessary to fast or abstain for one to communicate with God. It is important to have faith in God and everything will work out well. Guru stated that those who medidated achieved salvation.	Sikhism doesn’t emphasize on the afterlife in fact they are more interested on the moral life of an individual right now. They belief in the afterlife they will meet with the creator who will judge them for their actions during their lives on earth.	the rituals practices by the siks involve naam karan which is the naming ceremony of a child, amrit sanskar which is the initiation ceremony, anand karaj which is the marriage ceremony and the funeral ceremony.	the sikhs celebrate many festivals for instance gurpurbs which markss very important anniversaries i.e. birth, baiskani which celebrates the foundation of the religion, bandi chhor which celebrates the release of guru from prison, magha which marks the persecution of 40 sikhs and hola mohalla whereby they celebrate their proweness through practicing military tactics.
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