Module 2

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BIO 170: Fundamentals of Nutrition

Module 2 Homework Assignment

Directions: This homework assignment will be written in the form of a lab report. The lab report consists of the following sections: introduction, materials/methods, data, results, conclusion, and references. The lab report must be at least two pages in length, double-spaced, Times New Roman, and 12-point font. Below are the various sections. Please structure your lab report so that it includes these sections.

Introduction

· The introduction mainly consists of three components, background information, objective/purpose of the lab, and hypothesis. Each component should have a paragraph dedicated to it (total of three paragraphs).

· Background information: Research needs to be conducted on what the topic is about.

· Objective/purpose of the lab: You need to clearly define why you are conducting the lab.

· Hypothesis statement: You need to create a hypothesis statement and reasoning for it prior to the start of the lab.

Materials/Methods

· The materials section lists everything that is needed to complete the experiment. Please include all material that you used.

· The methods section describes all the steps that were taken during the experiment. This section should be written in your own words and not take directly from the lab.

Data

· The data section relays all the data of the lab. They can be presented in charts, tables, etc. The data must be easily read. If there are numerical values, please ensure the correct unit of measurement is displayed as well.

Results

· The results section explains what the data means.

Conclusion

· The conclusion helps sum up and gives meaning to the results. The hypothesis should be restated and confirmed if it was correct or incorrect. Any explanation of why should be given. This explanation of “why” is the driving force of the conclusion. Reference back to your Introduction to help explain data and results. The conclusion should be at least two paragraphs in length.

References

· A reference section is needed. There should be a total of two references. If you have a reference in this section, it should also have an in-text citation in the lab as well. References can be obtained by using LIRN. Please visit the Academic Resource Center (ARC) for helpful APA format, LIRN, and citation information.

Tasks/Labs : You will write a lab report for the following tasks. Please note that you will need to submit 2 lab reports.

Lab #1: Determine if starch is present in various foods.

Extra glucose is usually stored in a more complex carbohydrate called starch. When we eat foods with starch, our body breaks down the large starch molecules into simple sugars, like glucose, to use for energy. The energy from starch, along with other carbohydrates, allows us to think, move, and do everything else. Starch is part of a healthy diet, especially if you get it from whole-grain foods that also contain vitamins and minerals. In this experiment, you will test various foods for starch. Create a hypothesis before beginning. For example, which foods do you think contain starch?

Follow these steps:

1. From your Food Chemistry Experiment kit:

· 6 test tubes

· test tube rack

· 6 clean pipets

· wax pencil

· Lugol’s iodine

2. 6 foods/food solutions. Examples: egg whites (raw), applesauce, whole milk, chocolate, vegetable juice, etc.

3. Describe all the steps that you plan to take during the experiment and record those steps as the steps are completed.

· Set up six clean test tubes in the rack.

· Choose six food substances and make liquid solutions out of the solid foods by mixing ½ teaspoon of ground food and 1 teaspoon of water. Fill each test tube with about one inch of the food solution. Using the wax pencil, label each test tube with the name of the solution.

· Place 5 drops of Lugol’s iodine into each test tube and swirl it. Substances that contain starch will make the solution turn blue-black.

4. Record all the results of this experiment.

5. In your conclusion, explain what occurred and if your hypothesis was correct or incorrect. Then answer the following questions about starch.

· What is resistant starch? Where is it found? Name two health benefits of resistant starch.

· Fully describe the breakdown of starch in digestion.

Lab #2: Calculate your macronutrient intake for 3 days.

Explain the importance of consuming macronutrients in the recommended ranges. State your hypothesis (beginning with a yes or no answer if it was correct or incorrect). For example, do you think you currently meet the Dietary Reference Intake amounts of carbohydrates, fat, and protein?

Follow these steps:

1. Go to the MyFitnessPal website ( www.myfitnesspal.com ) and select the link to Sign up now!

2. Note the following acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges:

· Carbohydrate: 45% to 65% of total kcalories

· Fat: 20% to 30% of total kcalories

· Protein: 10% to 35% of total kcalories

3. Follow the instructions to register, and enter your personal information. Proceed until you have completed registration and are taken to your MyFitnessPal homepage. This page will display a blue box at the top center that states your recommended daily calorie intake. (Note: This experiment and this course are not intended to be weight loss aids. It is at the student’s discretion whether to enter a lower goal weight in this program.)

4. In the left tool bar, select Track Food to begin entering in your daily food intake. (Note: For the purpose of this experiment, you will only be using the food tracking abilities of this site, not the exercise tracking.)

5. In your food diary, select Add Food in the appropriate categories and search for all foods and beverages you consumed in the 24-hour period.

6. Repeat this process for three consecutive days.

7. After you have finished entering the third day’s food diary, scroll to the bottom of the diary and select View Full Report (Printable). When the report appears, change the date range to include all three days of your diary entries.

8. Note your daily calorie, protein, fat, and carbohydrate intakes.

9. Determine if your macronutrient intake fluctuated significantly throughout the three days of your food diary. Record your observations.

10. Record the results of this experiment. Your calculations and your observations should be included.

11. In your conclusion, explain what occurred and if your hypothesis was correct or incorrect. Then answer the following questions regarding macronutrients.

· What are the primary functions of each of the macronutrients?

· What are the risks associated with excess lipid intakes?

· Low-carbohydrate diets have become popular in recent years. Are these diets safe and/or effective? List any possible risks associated with low-carbohydrate diets.

· List protein items that can be consumed on a vegetarian diet.

Save and submit your lab reports.