Lesson Plan

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Running head: LESSON PLAN FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES 1

LESSON PLAN FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES 2

Lesson plan for students with disabilities

Neonisha Terrell

Sherry Leialoha-Waipa

July 22, 2015

Lesson plan for students with disabilities

A lesson plan preparation bases on the learners ability. There are special lesson plans for learners with disabilities such as, dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia and attention deficit disorders. Spelling, punctuation, vocabulary and writing as a skill under language is among the areas that should consider critical instructions for the learners with disability to gain knowledge. Teaching students with disabilities on the above skills involves doing numerous tasks, creating a proper and conducive and empowering classroom environment, demonstration, joint construction, universal designs and enhancement of vocabulary skills (Kraayenoord, et al. 2007). In most cases, the lesson plan will accommodate practical student’s participation, visuals and plenty of teaching aids for learning to occur. As such, this essay will establish a lesson plan for the mild and moderate grade 1 students in which the writing skills are acquired through student’s involvement.

A lesson plan for disabled students in a classroom Year 8 English class of 21 students with eight students who “require learning support”, of whom “three require extensive support”, and six “require major support” .Some students have dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia and attention deficit disorders vocabulary, others lack creativity few have low motivation in writing and others punctuation difficulties due to the above mentioned complexities.

Objective: To teach the handwriting and creativity skills

Grade 1 student at the age of 10-12 years.

Targets dysgraphia and attention deficit disorders

Lesson No.

Time

Method of delivery

Activities/Assessment

1

15 Minutes

Introduction

· Giving expectations to students in relation to what writing requires (hand writing and creativity skills).

· Fitting relevant scaffolds and artifacts of stories and calligraphic letters that the learners should write a story about in the classroom.

· Informing students another example of how a story can emerge from pictures.

· The teacher could bring word document process written and proper handwritten pieces (Denton 2007).

30 Minutes

Development

· Teacher should request students to write a story about the artifacts in the classroom (Kraayenoord, et al. 2007).

· Divide students into groups of varied abilities and direct them to develop magazines, reviews and compositions.

· The teacher could use empowerment strategy by valuing students’ opinion and showing that their stories are more important that what he/ she has given them earlier.

· Teacher should encourage individual students to write a short paragraph in creative and clear handwriting.

· Later, each group can develop a story together after the class has discussed orally how the story should start and end (Denton 2007).

· Since there are learners who can write better than others the teacher should use them to as directors of their groups and then tell the rest do the same.

· The teacher should engage effectively in a range of collaborative discussions with the students (corestandards.org)

· The teacher should engage in audio recording stories that demonstrate fluid reading at an understandable pace. Addition of visual displays is appropriate to emphasize certain facts or details (corestandards.org).

15 minutes

Assessment

Ask how the students felt and what they learned when writing the assignments.

· Let the students mention the difficulties and ease they encountered in writing.

· Acknowledge each of them and encourage them to keep writing whenever they feel/ see pictorial images.

Objective: To teach spelling and punctuation of words

Target: Dyscalculia and attention deficit disorders.

Lesson No.

Time

Method of delivery

Activities

2

15 minutes

Introduction

· The teacher should pair able learners who write and punctuate correctly with those who cannot (unable).

· Supply flashcards to students so that they familiarize with words.

· Let learners tell each other the importance of proper spelling and punctuation.

· Promise gifts for those who will settle down look at their cards and analyze passages .

30 minutes

Development

· The teacher should distribute passages and let students read repetitively as they look at punctuation and spelling of words.

· The teacher should supply each student with cue cards or verbal prompts of word/punctuation mark which he/ she aims for students to write later (Kraayenoord, et al. 2009).

· Collect the cards

· Students should keenly read the whole passage then be ready to write words which are available in that passage.

· Students should keenly go through the words which the teacher has distributed.

· Tell students to write the words as the teacher dictates then punctuate the sentences as expected.

15 minutes

Assessment

· Sharing the written words/sentences among students by cross-interchanging exercise books.

Acknowledgement based on attempt to write words and punctuate sentences correctly.

Objective: To teach the vocabulary.

Targets dyslexia and attention deficit disorders

Lesson No.

Time

Method of delivery

Activities

3

15 Minutes

Introduction

· Start with a passage which the class read earlier on as a warm up.

· Ask which words they think are new.

· Supply foodstuff / gifts and tell them to identify them before taking the gift.

· Option for dyslexia the teacher demonstration of action-words which are vocabularies and allow independent activity (Brno 2006).

· Students should open the passages which the teacher has distributed.

· Students should identify he name of a gift as individual/ group before taking it.

· Groups should respond to questions from other groups.

30 minutes

Development

· Displaying wall charts of poems or sentences with joy, home, school, market environment in class with vocabularies.

· Let them speak out what they think can incite questions from the passage.

· Groups could point out and discuss the meanings of those words. Give them enough time. Brno, D. (2006).

· They could check in the dictionary words they can hardly give meanings on their own.

· They should continuously practice in the lesson.

15 minutes

Assessment

· The teacher should sing a song, rhymes, and anecdotes or play an audio with a poem which has vocabulary of color, animal or transfer.

· Teacher should give verbal cues and prompts of words the learners should be aware of at their ages

· Learners should say which words they don’t understand meanings.

· The learners should write the words and try giving meanings.

· Award those who gave instant vocabularies and meanings of their grade level and encourage those who failed to work hard in the next lesson.

Objective: To teach the vocabulary infusion in writing.

Target: Dyslexia dysgraphia, dyscalculia and attention deficit disorders.

Lesson No.

Time

Method of delivery

Activities

20 minutes

Introduction

· Demonstration through background music or PE related drills.

· Use of popular culture among the children depending on disability. If a student is a slow learner the teacher can ask what they do in their church then lead the learner through those objects and actions within their church form which vocabulary could form as well as a story.

· Teacher should draw tree diagrams/allow students to write vocabularies they have identified from the locality for meaningful and authentic learning.

· Write on the board the vocabularies as students mention.

· Encourage them to think of personal happenings in relation to the words they have identified.

40 minutes

Building

· Show cases of stories with monosyllabic words like pore, loom before moving to disyllabic such as xenophobia, circumvent.

· Discussion and suggestions from the extra tasks the teacher has prepared early enough.

· Teacher should call upon few students sequence a story in relation to the vocabularies on the wall charts.

· Action words can guide in what the learner should do. Pick on students who can tell others what the vocabularies mean and how a story can form up from them.

· All students should then formulate the story.

15 minutes

Assessment

· Ask for word banks from students and have groups developing paragraphs on them.

· Some students would be good in drawing hence the teacher can ask for a picture story based on those vocabularies.

· Dramatized exercises would also be effective as students show the story in action .For example ogre stories.

· Teacher should ask each group of learners to write the vocabularies they have learnt or liked within the lesson.

· Ask them to draw actions or objects that they know and are related to those actions/ objects after you keep away the cards.

· The teacher should carry out an assessment of writing by giving a list of vocabularies to students and letting them write a two-paragraph story. Later, the teacher should leave a creative story which each group should do.(Denton 2007).

In conclusion learners with dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia and attention deficit disorders require a student- based lesson plan. There is need to modify lessons so as to reach all students. From the above lesson plan the vital facts are that a teacher becomes a learner too when handling students of varied abilities. Furthermore, the teaching procedure is slow since the learners abilities are better put into consideration. Thirdly, the classroom mixing of students improves even those who could not achieve anything. From the above analysis, the writing lesson targeted the mentally retarded hence it is loaded with a lot of participatory activities, charts and passages. Student involvement and use of local examples is compulsory too because students may find difficulties in settling and concentrating. Moreover, the teacher must give the students with gifts so as to encourage positive classroom behavior. Finally, music and warm-ups assist in creating a suitable environment for the learners. Therefore, the learners with disability lesson are effective when it is distinct and full of learner- orientations.

References

Brno, D. (2006). Teaching English to children with specific learning difficulties

Retrieved from http://is.muni.cz/th/7521/pedf_b/diploma_thesis.pdf

CommonDenton, C., Bryan, D., Jade Wexler, j., Reed, D., and Vaughn, S. (2007). Effective Instruction for Middle

School Students with Reading Difficulties. The University of Texas System/Texas Education Agency.20-67. Retrieved from

<http://resources.buildingrti.utexas.org/PDF/RTS.pdf>

Kraayenoord, C. E. V. et. al. (2009). English Teaching: Practice and Critique

Teaching writing to students with learning difficulties in inclusive English

classrooms: Lessons from an exemplary teacher. University of Queensland. 8 ( 1). pp. 23-51.Retrieved from http://education.waikato.ac.nz/research/files/etpc/files/2009v8n1art2.pdf