English

Before you begin, read the directions for your first paper here: Final Draft, Migration paper. Attached to the bottom of that assignment, you will see sample papers from former students.

 

Please number each part.  1.  Read about pre-writing at the bottom of this page.. Then summarize what you have read about pre-writing. Do you usually practice pre-writing? What works for you? Tell me how you like to get a paper started.  (one paragraph, eight or more sentences.)

2.  Read about migration, push factors, and pull factors BELOW.  Write a paragraph on the "push factors." What made your relative or ancestor leave home?  It is acceptable to speculate about what you do not know.(eight or more sentences.) Begins wit a topic sentence that uses the term push factors. For example, One of the main push factors for my grandfather was ....

3.. Write a paragraph on the "pull factors." Why did your family member choose California? Were their economic reasons? Did he or she consider other destinations? Did he or she have friends or family here? Was there a promise of employment? Did California meet this person's expectations? Begin with a topic sentence that mentions the term, pull factors. For example: There were several pull factors that made my uncle decide to come to California.

4.Write a paragraph of eight or more sentences on your family member's  journey to California. What hardships did this person face? How much did the journey cost? Were their legal or physical barriers? Were there emotional costs? How long did the journey take?

5. Compose an introduction for your migration paper. Look at the sample introductions attached to the final draft of the migration paper assignment here on TN. Look for the attachments at the bottom of that assignment page. Try to begin with interest. End the intro paragraph by letting the reader know that this is the story of your relative's migration.

6. Compose a paragraph on a family tradition that involves food. This could be about  Thanksgiving or  a Cinco de Mayo tradition.  Or it could be about your family's recipe for Kim Chee.  It could also be about a memory you have that involves the person who is the subject of your migration paper. Connect your family migration story to  food through telling a story or describing a meal to show that your family does or does not have lasting traditions as a result of your family's migration.

NOTE: parts 2--6 may be used in your migration paper.

______________________________________________________________________________

 

Why Do People Migrate from One Place to Another?

 

 

Push factors: this term refers to the reasons that a person leaves  his or her country of origin.

Pull factors: this term refers to the reasons that the person chooses their new country, such as better employment opportunities.

 

Incentives for migration

Push Factors

· Poor Medical Care

· Not enough jobs

· Few opportunities

· Primitive Conditions

· Political fear

· Fear of torture and mistreatment

· Religious discrimination

· Loss of wealth

· Natural disasters

· Bullying

· Lower chances of finding courtship

Pull Factors

· Chances of getting a job

· Better living standards

· Enjoyment

· Education

· Better Medical Care

· Security

· Family Links

· Lower crime

· Better chances of finding courtship

 

Some migration is for personal reasons, based on a relationship (e.g. to be with family or a partner), such as in family reunification or transnational marriage . In a few cases, an individual may wish to emigrate to a new country in a form of transferred patriotism . Evasion of criminal justice (e.g. avoiding arrest ) is a personal motivation. This type of emigration and immigration is not normally legal, if a crime is internationally recognized, although criminals may disguise their identities or find other loopholes to evade detection. There have been cases, for example, of those who might be guilty of war crimes disguising themselves as victims of war or conflict and then pursuing asylum in a different country.

Barriers to immigration come not only in legal form; natural and social barriers to immigration can also be very powerful. Immigrants when leaving their country also leave everything familiar: their family, friends, support network, and culture. They also need to liquidate their assets often at a large loss, and incur the expense of moving. When they arrive in a new country this is often with many uncertainties including finding work, where to live, new laws, new cultural norms, language or accent issues, possible racism and other exclusionary behavior towards them and their family. These barriers act to limit international migration (scenarios where populations move en masse to other continents, creating huge population surges, and their associated strain on infrastructure and services, ignore these inherent limits on migration.)

A Dictionary of Geography defines chain migration as [a] migration process which depends on a small number of pioneers, who make the first moves to set up a new home in a new place. They send information back home, and this encourages further migration from the originating area. 

 

he Latino and Mexican immigrant populations are relatively young and most often male. In particular, the population is clustered in the young to middle age working age groups. Indeed, two-thirds of Latino immigrants are between the ages of 15 and 44 as is the case among seven of every ten Mexican immigrants. Furthermore, among immigrants 15 to 44 years of age, there are 123 males per 100 females among Latinos with the relative prominence of males being even higher among Mexicans (136 males per 100 females). Note that the immigrant population includes relatively few youngsters and elderly.

 

 

Incentives for Migration

Push Factors

Need for a job

Search for better opportunities

Political fear

Primitive conditions

Religious discrimination or persecution

Natural disasters

Pull Factors

Chances of getting a job

Better living standards

Education

Family links

Barriers to Immigration

Personal Losses

Family

Friends

Support network

Culture

Expense of moving

Fear of new environment

Sometimes a language barrier

Legal Restraints in Relocating to Another Country

Difficulty in obtaining the legal right to work

Obstacles to securing citizenship

Ages of Those Who Migrate

The immigrant population includes relatively few young and old. Two-thirds of Latino immigrants are between the ages of 15 and 44.  The Latino and Mexican immigrant populations most often are male. Among Mexicans ages 15-44 years of age who immigrate, 136 are males compared to 100 who are females. 

Chain Migration

A migration process in which a person or persons arrive in a new place, establish themselves, and encourage family members or friends to join them in migrating.

“Little Italies”

Quite often, immigrants group themselves in one physical location.  Thus, they form communities that then become dominantly from “the old country.”  This clustering often results in the moving of previous residents.  When sufficient presence happens, markets arise which service the new group.  Signs in the native language appear.

Questions to Ponder

1.     Why do the young rather than the old migrate?

2.     Why do you think there is the disparity between males and females among the immigrant population? 

3.     What are the implications of this disparity?

4.     What benefit to the receiving country is the arrival of a young workforce?

5.     Why does chain migration occur?

6.     What are the advantages and the disadvantages to the outcropping of “Little Italies”?

 

 

 

     PRE-WRITING   --from the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/).

Contributors:Allen Brizee. Summary:

This section explains the prewriting (invention) stage of the composing process. It includes processes, strategies, and questions to help you begin to write.

Introduction to Prewriting (Invention)

When you sit down to write...

· Does your mind turn blank?

· Are you sure you have nothing to say?

If so, you're not alone. Many writers experience this at some time or another, but some people have strategies or techniques to get them started. When you are planning to write something, try some of the following suggestions.

You can try the textbook formula:

1. State your thesis.

2. Write an outline.

3. Write the first draft.

4. Revise and polish.

. . . but that often doesn't work.

Instead, you can try one or more of these strategies:

Ask yourself what your purpose is for writing about the subject.

There are many "correct" things to write about for any subject, but you need to narrow down your choices. For example, your topic might be "dorm food." At this point, you and your potential reader are asking the same question, "So what?" Why should you write about this, and why should anyone read it?

Do you want the reader to pity you because of the intolerable food you have to eat there?

Do you want to analyze large-scale institutional cooking?

Do you want to compare Purdue's dorm food to that served at Indiana University?

Ask yourself how you are going to achieve this purpose.

How, for example, would you achieve your purpose if you wanted to describe some movie as the best you've ever seen? Would you define for yourself a specific means of doing so? Would your comments on the movie go beyond merely telling the reader that you really liked it?

Start the ideas flowing

Brainstorm. Gather as many good and bad ideas, suggestions, examples, sentences, false starts, etc. as you can. Perhaps some friends can join in. Jot down everything that comes to mind, including material you are sure you will throw out. Be ready to keep adding to the list at odd moments as ideas continue to come to mind.

Talk to your audience, or pretend that you are being interviewed by someone — or by several people, if possible (to give yourself the opportunity of considering a subject from several different points of view). What questions would the other person ask? You might also try to teach the subject to a group or class.

See if you can find a fresh analogy that opens up a new set of ideas. Build your analogy by using the word like. For example, if you are writing about violence on television, is that violence like clowns fighting in a carnival act (that is, we know that no one is really getting hurt)?

Take a rest and let it all percolate.

Summarize your whole idea.

Tell it to someone in three or four sentences.

Diagram your major points somehow.

Make a tree, outline, or whatever helps you to see a schematic representation of what you have. You may discover the need for more material in some places. Write a first draft.

Then, if possible, put it away. Later, read it aloud or to yourself as if you were someone else. Watch especially for the need to clarify or add more information.

You may find yourself jumping back and forth among these various strategies.

You may find that one works better than another. You may find yourself trying several strategies at once. If so, then you are probably doing something right.