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The Influences of Economics on Child Development

Elisa Gray

ECE 205

Instructor John Barlow

August 6, 2015

Economics

Poverty can create long-term and pervasive effects on a child's development

learning, behavior, emotional responses, and physical health is negatively affected in impoverished environments

Poverty is connected with harsher parenting styles

Children raised in poverty lack resources and generally are under stimulated which cause them to lack behind their affluent peers

(Groak, McCarthy, & Kirk, 2014, 2.3)

Physical Impacts

Children raised in poverty are more likely to not receive proper nutrition

Poverty increases a child’s chances of obesity or malnutrition

Access to poor or limited healthcare

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Children raised in poverty may be subject to harsher parenting styles which could result in excessive responsibility and physical punishments

(Groak, McCarthy, & Kirk, 2014, 2.3)

Social Impacts

Poverty can create children with poor coping skills and lack the ability to control physiological functions

Economic and financial inequality can create poor and negative treatment and views of these children

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Neighborhood poverty is linked to outcomes such as lower academic achievement, increased criminal and violent behavior, & lower future earnings

Neighborhood poverty is associated with poorer quality schools, teachers, and instruction

(McCoy, … Friedman-Krauss, 2015, p. 153)

Emotional Impacts

Poverty can cause a child to have low self-esteem

Children from poverty may have attachment issues

Poverty can cause an increase in negative behaviors and attitudes in children

Depending on the particular family dynamics and situation, a child may be more prone to depression, stress, anxiety, etc.

(Groak, McCarthy, & Kirk, 2014, 2.3)

Cognitive Impacts

Children that are brought up in poverty stricken homes may have limited access to developmental activities and toys

Children in poverty homes are more likely to have poorer language skills than those from wealthier homes

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As a professional….

As I have worked with individuals with intellectual and development disabilities, both child and adult, I have seen that many of these individuals come from poverty and remain in poverty into adulthood. I think it is important to understand the effects that poverty can have on an individuals’ behavior and attitude in order to better assist these individuals with behavior modification and coping mechanisms as necessary.

References

Groark, C., McCarthy, S. & Kirk, A. (2014). Early child development: From theory to practice. Bridgepoint Education: San Diego, CA. 

McCoy, D. C., Connors, M. C., Morris, P. A., Yoshikawa, H., & Friedman- Krauss, A. H. (2015). Neighborhood economic disadvantage and children's cognitive and social-emotional development: Exploring Head Start classroom quality as a mediating mechanism. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 32, 150-159. doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2015.04.003