Business Finance Homework

Details: Complete the following problems from the textbook: (All 7 problems are printed on here)

· P3-3:

· P3-6

· P3-10

· P3-16

· P3-18

· P3-20

· P3-21

Follow these instructions for completing and submitting your assignment:

1. Do all work in Excel. Do not submit Word files or *.pdf files.

2. Submit a single spreadsheet file for this assignment. Do not submit multiple files.

3. Place each problem on a separate spreadsheet tab.

4. Label all inputs and outputs and highlight your final answer.

5. Follow the directions in “Guidelines for Developing Spreadsheets.”

P-3: Income statement preparation On December 31, 2015, Cathy Chen, a self-employed

certified public accountant (CPA), completed her first full year in business. During

the year, she billed $360,000 for her accounting services. She had two employees, a

bookkeeper and a clerical assistant. In addition to her monthly salary of $8,000,

Ms. Chen paid annual salaries of $48,000 and $36,000 to the bookkeeper and the

clerical assistant, respectively. Employment taxes and benefit costs for Ms. Chen and

her employees totaled $34,600 for the year. Expenses for office supplies, including

postage, totaled $10,400 for the year. In addition, Ms. Chen spent $17,000 during

the year on tax-deductible travel and entertainment associated with client visits

and new business development. Lease payments for the office space rented (a taxdeductible

expense) were $2,700 per month. Depreciation expense on the office

furniture and fixtures was $15,600 for the year. During the year, Ms. Chen paid

interest of $15,000 on the $120,000 borrowed to start the business. She paid an

average tax rate of 30% during 2015.

a. Prepare an income statement for Cathy Chen, CPA, for the year ended December

31, 2015.

b. Evaluate her 2015 financial performance.

P3–6: Balance sheet preparation Use the appropriate items from the following list to prepare

in good form Mellark’s Baked Goods balance sheet at December 31, 2015.

Item Value ($000 Item Value ($000) at

Item December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015

Accounts payable	$ 220	Inventories	$375
Accounts receivable	450	Land	100
Accruals	55	Long-term debts	420
Accumulated depreciation	265	Machinery	420
Buildings	225	Marketable securities	75
Cash	215	Notes payable	475
Common stock (at par)	90	Paid in capital in excess
Cost of goods sold	2,500	of par	360
Depreciation expense	45	Preferred Stock	100
Equipment	140	Retained Earnings	210
Furniture and fixtures	170	Sales Revenue	3,600
General expense	320	Vehicles	25

P3–10: Statement of retained earnings Hayes Enterprises began 2015 with a retained earnings

balance of $928,000. During 2015, the firm earned $377,000 after taxes. From

this amount, preferred stockholders were paid $47,000 in dividends. At year-end

2015, the firm’s retained earnings totaled $1,048,000. The firm had 140,000 shares

of common stock outstanding during 2015.

a. Prepare a statement of retained earnings for the year ended December 31, 2015,

for Hayes Enterprises. (Note: Be sure to calculate and include the amount of cash

dividends paid in 2015.)

b. Calculate the firm’s 2015 earnings per share (EPS).

c. How large a per-share cash dividend did the firm pay on common stock during

2015?

P3–16: Accounts receivable management An evaluation of the books of Blair Supply, which

follows, gives the end-of-year accounts receivable balance, which is believed to consist

of amounts originating in the months indicated. The company had annual sales

of $2.4 million. The firm extends 30-day credit terms.

Month of origin Accounts receivable July $ 3,875 August 2,000 September 34,025 October 15,100 November 52,000 December 193,000 Year-end accounts receivable $300,000

a. Use the year-end total to evaluate the firm’s collection system.

b. If 70% of the firm’s sales occur between July and December, would this information

affect the validity of your conclusion in part a? Explain.

P3–18: Debt analysis Springfield Bank is evaluating Creek Enterprises, which has requested

a $4,000,000 loan, to assess the firm’s financial leverage and financial risk. On the

basis of the debt ratios for Creek, along with the industry averages (see the top of

the next page) and Creek’s recent financial statements (following), evaluate and

recommend appropriate action on the loan request

Creek Enterprises Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2015

Sales revenue $30,000,000

Less: Cost of goods sold 21,000,000

Gross profits $ 9,000,000

Less: Operating expenses

Selling expense $ 3,000,000

General and administrative expenses 1,800,000

Lease expense 200,000

Depreciation expense 1,000,000

Total operating expense $ 6,000,000

Operating profits $ 3,000,000

Less: Interest expense 1,000,000

Net profits before taxes $ 2,000,000

Less: Taxes (rate 5 40%) 800,000

Net profits after taxes $ 1,200,000

Less: Preferred stock dividends 100,000

Earnings available for common stockholders $ 1,100,000

P3–20: Common-size statement analysis A common-size income statement for Creek Enterprises’

2014 operations follows. Using the firm’s 2015 income statement presented in

Problem 3–18, develop the 2015 common-size income statement and compare it with

the 2014 statement. Which areas require further analysis and investigation?

Creek Enterprises Common-Size Income Statement for the Year Ended December 31, 2014

Sales revenue ($35,000,000) 100.0% Less: Cost of goods sold 65.9 Gross profits 34.1% Less: Operating expenses Selling expense 12.7% General and administrative expenses 6.3 Lease expense 0.6 Depreciation expense 3.6 Total operating expense 23.2 Operating profits 10.9% Less: Interest expense 1.5 Net profits before taxes 9.4% Less: Taxes (rate 5 40%) 3.8 Net profits after taxes 5.6% Less: Preferred stock dividends 0.1 Earnings available for common stockholders 5.5%

P3–21: The relationship between financial leverage and profitability Pelican Paper, Inc.,

and Timberland Forest, Inc., are rivals in the manufacture of craft papers. Some financial

statement values for each company follow. Use them in a ratio analysis that

compares the firms’ financial leverage and profitability.

Item Pelican Paper, Inc. Timberland Forest, Inc. Total assets $10,000,000 $10,000,000 Total equity (all common) 9,000,000 5,000,000 Total debt 1,000,000 5,000,000 Annual interest 100,000 500,000 Total sales 25,000,000 25,000,000 EBIT 6,250,000 6,250,000 Earnings available for common stockholders 3,690,000 3,450,000

a. Calculate the following debt and coverage ratios for the two companies. Discuss

their financial risk and ability to cover the costs in relation to each other.

1. Debt ratio

2. Times interest earned ratio

b. Calculate the following profitability ratios for the two companies. Discuss their

profitability relative to one another.

1. Operating profit margin

2. Net profit margin

3. Return on total assets

4. Return on common equity

c. In what way has the larger debt of Timberland Forest made it more profitable

than Pelican Paper? What are the risks that Timberland’s investors undertake

when they choose to purchase its stock instead of Pelican’s?