quiz

Quiz 10

Question 1.1. While created to protect children, juvenile courts shared several similarities with each other from their start in the late 1800s through the 1960s. Which item or procedure is not included in this list of similarities? (Points : 1)

Attorneys were not required.

Hearsay evidence was not admissible.

A conviction could be based on preponderance of the evidence.

Children were often not permitted to appeal convictions.

Question 2.2. Which of the following are addressed in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution? (Points : 1)

Bail

Due process

Detention

Parole

Question 3.3. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002 was an effort aimed at improving ______ disparity in juvenile disposition. (Points : 1)

gender

ethnic

age

racial

Question 4.4. Which of the following is NOT one of the duties of the juvenile court judge? (Points : 1)

the responsibility for holding disposition hearings and deciding on the treatment and placement of the child

handling waiver proceedings

make decisions about plea-bargaining agreements and the informal adjustment of juvenile cases

representing the interests of the state and bringing the case against the accused juvenile

Question 5.5. Which of the following statements about balanced probation is true? Comprehension (rewrite) (Points : 1)

balanced probation is based on the principle that juvenile offenders must accept responsibility for their behavior

balanced probation systems integrate community protection and individualized attention to the offender

balanced probation programs are based on the view that juveniles are responsible for their actions and have an obligation to society

all of the above are true

Question 6.6. The acronym (CASA) stands for which of the following (Points : 1)

Case Apprehension Specialist Agent

Court Appointed Special Advocates

Court Aids Special Assistants

Case Agent Special Assistance

Question 7.7. Which of the following are addressed in the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the U.S. Constitution? (Points : 1)

Bail

Due process

Detention

Parole

Question 8.8. Traditional _______ is still the backbone of community-based juvenile corrections. (Points : 1)

probation

rehabilitation

deterrence

institutionalization

Question 9.9. In the juvenile court system which of the following is less common than in the adult court system? (Points : 1)

Prosecution

Initial Hearings

Defense

Plea-bargaining

Question 10.10. Prior to the establishment of a juvenile justice system, orphaned, delinquent, and at-risk segments of society lived in poorhouses and workhouses, which were typically: (Points : 1)

Overcrowded and unhealthy

Too expensive to rent space in

Confined outside the city limits

Luxurious spaces

Question 11.11. During the Child Saving Movement, which of the following would be true regarding the legal rights of children? (Points : 1)

children enjoyed greater protections of their legal rights than adults

child rights were strictly enforced

there were many court cases which clarified and expanded juvenile legal rights

none of the above are true

Question 12.12. By the mid-1960s, society and many experts agreed that ________was a mistake, even for the most serious youth offenders. (Points : 1)

rehabilitation

deterrence

institutionalization

restitution

Question 13.13. The Supreme Court ruling in Breed v. Jones found that: (Points : 1)

Youths have the right to procedural due process in waiver hearings.

Youths are protected against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Youths are protected against double jeopardy.

Youths can be held in preventive detention if they are a flight risk or a threat to the community.

Question 14.14. First established in 1874, these organizations protected children subjected to neglect at home or at school. (Points : 1)

the Children’s Aid Society

the U.S. Children’s Bureau

the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)

the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (SPCC)

Question 15.15. Across all races and ethnicities ________ needs are particularly acute among institutionalized juveniles. (Points : 1)

mental health

family

restorative

punitive

Question 16.16. Which of the following is the most commonly used formal sentence for juvenile offenders? (Points : 1)

parole

Probation

detention

residential treatment

Question 17.17. A practice of sentencing that is used in approximately 50% of the States in the United States, which involves the judge placing the juvenile into the State Juvenile Corrections system, until they consider the juvenile ready to be released or until the youth reaches the age of an adult offender: (Points : 1)

mandatory

determinate

indeterminate

least detrimental

Question 18.18. Minority youths are incarcerated at a rate up to ____ times that of European American youths. (Points : 1)

3

4

6

8

Question 19.19. The juvenile justice system is centered on incarceration alternatives. One of these alternatives involves almost daily supervision by the juvenile probation officer assigned to the case. This is known as: (Points : 1)

deterrence

suppression effect

rehabilitation

juvenile intensive probation supervision

Question 20.20. Identify which of the following statements would be considered false when discussing the United States Juvenile Justice System? (Points : 1)

most children come into the justice system as a result of contact with a police officer

most of the nation’s police agencies have juvenile components

in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, 19 is the maximum age for a youth to fall under the jurisdiction of the juvenile court

Question 21.21. The Illinois Juvenile Court Act of 1899 ruled that: (Points : 1)

children should not be held accountable as adult transgressors

the objective of the juvenile justice system is to punish

the juvenile justice system should be similar to the adult system

youths are protected against unreasonable search and seizures

Question 22.22. The most damaging criticism has been that diversion programs are involving children in the juvenile justice system who previously would have been released without official notice. This is referred to as: (Points : 1)

diversion

discretion

net widening

Probation

none of the above statements are false

Question 23.23. There are three alternatives for providing children with legal counsel. Which of the following is not of these alternatives? (Points : 1)

an all-public defender program

an appointed private-counsel system

a combination of public defenders and appointed private attorneys

a juvenile’s legal guardian can defend him/her

Question 24.24. Programs involving outdoor expeditions that provide opportunities for juveniles to confront the difficulties of their lives while achieving positive personal satisfaction are generally referred to as: (Points : 1)

milieu therapy

wilderness probation

boot camps

house arrest

Question 25.25. The major functions of the juvenile justice system are to prevent juvenile crime and to ______juvenile offenders. (Points : 1)

punish

profit from

adopt

rehabilitate

Question 26.26. Nearly all juvenile institutions implement some form of _______ program. (Points : 1)

punishment

parenting

treatment

monitoring

Question 27.27. __________________ probation systems integrate community protection, the accountability of the juvenile offender, and individualized attention to the juvenile. (Points : 1)

Integrated

Balanced

Rehabilitative

Institutionalized

Question 28.28. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 2002 was an effort aimed at improving ______ disparity in juvenile disposition. (Points : 1)

gender

ethnic

age

racial

Question 29.29. A policy known as __________________ mandates that a youth should not be put in a secure institution if a community based program is available. (Points : 1)

coddling tendency

funneling process

ratcheting effect

least restrictive alternative

Question 30.30. Why was probation introduced as a legal concept in Massachusetts near the mid-19th Century? (Points : 1)

To help young people avoid imprisonment and criminal punishment like that received by adults

To alleviate overcrowding in Massachusetts prisons

Prison as an institution had not yet been established/invented

To turn away from torture as a means of juvenile punishment