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Descriptive Statistics and interpretation

Team A

David Chandler, Dawnielle Ellington, Karima Mayer, Jill Pierce, Ranferi Reyes

University of Phoenix

Gibran Rezavi

QNT/561

June 15, 2015

SHORT TITLE OF PAPER

1

Running head: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS AND INTERPRETATION

1

Descriptive Statistics

Number of crashes

Central Tendency: Mean = 9702.45

Dispersion: Standard deviation = 1580.05

Number: 11

Min/Max: 7666 and 11736

Confidence Interval: 8640.97 to 10763.90

Alcohol Tax Rate

Distribution: It is not normally distributed, but negatively skewed.

Central Tendency: Mean = 18.24

Dispersion: Interquartile range=5.59

Number: 9

Min/Max: 14.02 and 20.91

Confidence Interval: N/A, as the distribution is not normal.

Descriptive Statistics Interpretation

Number of crashes

In order to investigate whether or not the alcohol tax rate is associated with the alcohol related car crashes in Virginia, a sample of alcohol related car crashes from the year of 2004 to 2014 was selected. The average number of crashes per year was 9702.45, with a standard deviation of 1580.05. One half or more were above 9366 crashes. The minimum and maximum were 7666 and 11736, respectively.

Alcohol Tax Rates

In order to investigate whether or not the alcohol tax rate is associated with the alcohol related car crashes in Virginia a sample of alcohol tax rates from the year of 2006 to 2014 was selected (data was not available for years before 2006). The average alcohol tax rate per year was 18.24 dollars per gallon, with an interquartile range of 5.59 dollars per gallon. One half or more were above 20.13 dollars per gallon. The minimum and maximum were 14.02 and 20.91 dollars per gallon, respectively.

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

9

Appendix A

Raw data used in the analysis

Year

# of crashes

Alcohol Tax rate ($/gallon)

2004

11504

 No data available

2005

11495

 No data available

2006

11736

14.02

2007

11215

14.54

2008

10294

14.54

2009

9366

20.13

2010

8217

20.13

2011

8411

20.13

2012

8776

20.91

2013

8047

20.56

2014

7666

19.19

Appendix B

Charts and Tables

1. Histograms for the datasets "# of crashes" and "Alcohol tax rates".

graph-1

graph-2

2. Scatterplot # of crashes versus Alcohol tax rates.

graph-3

3. Bar Chart for # of crashes.

4. Bar Chart for Alcohol Tax Rate.

Appendix C

Descriptive Statistics

# of crashes and Alcohol tax rates

Summary statistics:

Column

n

Mean

Variance

Std. dev.

Std. err.

Median

Range

Min

Max

Q1

Q3

# of crashes

11

9702.4545

2496543.9

1580.0455

476.40165

9366

4070

7666

11736

8217

11495

Alcohol Tax rate ($/gallon)

9

18.238889

8.6648111

2.9436051

0.98120171

20.13

6.89

14.02

20.91

14.54

20.13

95% confidence interval results: μ: Mean of variable

Variable

Sample Mean

Std. Err.

DF

L. Limit

U. Limit

# of crashes

9702.4545

476.40165

10

8640.9655

10763.944

95% confidence interval results: μ: Mean of variable

Variable

Sample Mean

Std. Err.

DF

L. Limit

U. Limit

Alcohol Tax rate ($/gallon)

18.238889

0.98120171

8

15.976234

20.501544

Shapiro-Wilk goodness-of-fit results:

Variable

n

Stat

P-Value

# of crashes

11

0.87500342

0.0899

Shapiro-Wilk goodness-of-fit results:

Variable

n

Stat

P-Value

Alcohol Tax rate ($/gallon)

9

0.74893219

0.0053

References

Center for Science in the Public Interest. (n.d.). States Ranked By Alcohol Tax Rates: Beer. Retrieved June 07, 2015, from cpsinet.org

Tax Foundation. (2013, April). State Excise Rates on Spirits, 2007-2013. Retrieved June 07, 2015, from Tax Foundation: taxfoundation.org/article/state-excise-tax-rates-2007-2013

Virginia Highway Safety Office. (2014). 2014 Virginia Traffic Crash Facts. Retrieved from

https://www.dmv.virginia.gov/safety/crash_data/crash_facts/crash_facts_14.pdf

Alcohol Related Crashes by Year

Crashes

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 11504 11495 11736 11215 10294 9366 8217 8411 8776 8047 7666

Alcohol Related Crashes by Year

Crashes 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 11504 11495 11736 11215 10294 9366 8217 8411 8776 8047 7666

Year

Number of Crashes

Alcohol Tax Rate by Year ($ / Gallon)

Tax Rate

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 14.02 14.54 14.54 20.130000000000003 20.130000000000003 20.130000000000003 20.91 20.56 19.190000000000001

Alcohol Tax Rate by Year ($ /Gallon)

Tax Rate 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 14.02 14.54 14.54 20.130000000000003 20.130000000000003 20.130000000000003 20.91 20.56 19.190000000000001

Year

Tax Increase Rate