civil engineering surveying
Taher993
example_lab_3.xlsOPEN_LOOP
| Adjusting Open Traverse Loop | ||||||||||
| POLYGON 1 | ||||||||||
| PT | Hz | Az | Adj. Az | HD | DX | DY | X | Y | Adj. X | Adj. Y |
| TP 1 | 5,000.01 | 5,000.01 | ||||||||
| 47.1412 | 127.851 | 93.72 | 86.96 | 0.02 | -0.00 | |||||
| TP7 | 117.6880 | 5093.73 | 5086.97 | 5093.75 | 5086.97 | |||||
| 344.8292 | 344.8296 | 274.54 | -71.84 | 264.97 | 0.04 | -0.01 | ||||
| TP6 | 81.3170 | 5021.88 | 5351.95 | 5021.95 | 5351.94 | |||||
| 246.1462 | 246.1469 | 294.274 | -269.14 | -119.00 | 0.05 | -0.01 | ||||
| TP5 | 171.2700 | 4752.75 | 5232.94 | 4752.85 | 5232.93 | |||||
| 237.4162 | 237.4173 | 237.679 | -200.27 | -127.99 | 0.04 | -0.00 | ||||
| TP4 | 128.4315 | 4552.47 | 5104.95 | 4552.62 | 5104.93 | |||||
| 185.8477 | 185.8491 | 131.903 | -13.44 | -131.22 | 0.02 | -0.00 | ||||
| TP3 | 142.0830 | 4539.03 | 4973.73 | 4539.20 | 4973.71 | |||||
| 147.9307 | 147.9325 | 233.398 | 123.92 | -197.79 | 0.04 | -0.00 | ||||
| TP2 | 4662.95 | 4775.95 | 4663.15 | 4775.92 | ||||||
| TP2 | 147.9325 | 4,663.15 | 4,775.92 | |||||||
| Given End Az | 147.9325 | HDSUM | 1299.64 | 0.20 | -0.03 | Misclosure | ||||
| Cal. End Az | 147.9307 | |||||||||
| Loop Miscl. | -0.0018 | |||||||||
| Adj. Value | 0.0004 | |||||||||
| Make a decision which angles you want to work - left or right angle. | ||||||||||
| Based on this type control points number by order of they have been measured | ||||||||||
| Calculate the Hz angles | ||||||||||
| If work with right angle subtract rear reading from forward reading | ||||||||||
| If work with left angles subtract forward reading from the rear reading | ||||||||||
| Enter data into Hz column. Use decimal degrees with at least 4 four decimal places. | ||||||||||
| Enter initial Az and coordinates of starting point which are always given | ||||||||||
| If end Az and coordinates of ending point are given enter them too. | ||||||||||
| In case you do not have given ending Az and coordinates of end point the loop can't be adjusted. | ||||||||||
| Calculate Az starting from the initial Az. The formula is given as a comment in the first two Az cells. | ||||||||||
| Add Hz to initial Az. If the sum is exceeding 180 subtract 180 and write the number as following Az. | ||||||||||
| If the sum is less than 180 add 180 and write the number as following Az. | ||||||||||
| Pay attention that this procedure is applicable if you work with right angles. If you have left angles you have to subtract the given Hz from initial Az. | ||||||||||
| Follow this procedure until you reach the end Az. | ||||||||||
| Compare the calculated End Az and Given End Az. Find the difference (Given End Az) - (Cal.End Az) = Loop Misclosure | ||||||||||
| If the difference does not exceed couple of minutes you have to adjust Hz and Az | ||||||||||
| To calculate Adjustment value you have to divide the Loop Misclocure on numbers of Hz | ||||||||||
| To calculate Adjusted Azimuths start calculations from initial Az. | ||||||||||
| Initial Az + Hz + Adj. Value = Adjusted Azimuth. Do not forget to apply correction if the sum exceeds 180 or is less than 180. | ||||||||||
| Follow this procedure until you reach the end Az. | ||||||||||
| If your calculations are right you have to come to the same end Az as given end Az. | ||||||||||
| Type HD as it shown on the table | ||||||||||
| Compute the sum of all HD | ||||||||||
| Calculate DX and DY | ||||||||||
| Find the difference between given X, Y and computed X,Y | ||||||||||
| Those differences are coordinate msiclosure | ||||||||||
| Determine Adjustment values for X and Y coordinates | ||||||||||
| You have to calculate the individual adjustment for each line and for each X and Y | ||||||||||
| To do that use following formulas Adj.Value (X) = Misclosure(X) * HD / HDSUM | ||||||||||
| Adj.Value (X) = Misclosure(X) * HD / HDSUM | ||||||||||
| Adj.Value (Y) = Misclosure(Y) * HD / HDSUM | ||||||||||
| Now is time to calculate final coordinates of the points. | ||||||||||
| Start again from given point add Dx or Dy respectively and adjusment value |
Adjusted X of TP7.
X(TP1)+DX+Adj. Value(X)=Adj.X(TP7)
Adjusted Y of TP7.
Y(TP1)+DY+Adj. Value(Y)=Adj.Y(TP7)
Adjusted X of TP6.
Adj.X(TP7)+DX+Adj. Value(X)=Adj.X(TP6)
Adjusted Y of TP6.
Adj.Y(TP7)+DY+Adj. Value(Y)=Adj.Y(TP6)
Initital azimuth. This value is always given. Could be obtained from previous calculations, county, BLM e.t.c.
Horizontal angle in decimal degrees.
Horizontal distance between point. In this case HD between TP1 and TP7
Delta x also named coordinate difference.
dx is calculated for each line by following formula dx=HD*sin Az. In this case HD is a distance between TP1 and TP7 and Az is the Azimuth from TP1 to TP7
Delta y also named coordinate difference.
dy is calculated for each line by following formula
dy=HD*cos Az. In this case HD is a distance between TP1 and TP7 and Az is the Azimuth from TP1 to TP7
X coordinate of the starting point. This value is always given. Cpuld be obtained from previous calculations, county, BLM and e.t.c.
Y coordinate of the starting point. This value is always given. It could be obtained from previopus calculations, county, BLM and e.t.c.
Adjustment value for dx.
It shout be calculated for each line using a following formula
Adj. Value=Misclosure*HD/HDSUM
Adjustment value for dy.
It shout be calculated for each line using a following formula
Adj.Value=Misclosure*HD/HDSUM
Azimuth from TP7 to TP6.
Az(TP1,TP7)+Hz=Az(TP7,TP6)
If this sum exceed 180, subtract 180, if it less 180, add 180.
Azimuth from TP8 to TP7.
Az(TP1,TP7)+Hz+Adj.Value=Az(TP7,TP6)
If this sum exceed 180, subtract 180, if it less 180, add 180.
Ending Azimuth. If polygon is closed the ending Azimuth must equal initial Azimuth. In this case this is a end Az for open loop, so calculated end Az have to agree with this one. If there is a difference, the difference is a Loop Misclosure.
Sum of all distances
Difference between given X end coordinates and calculated X end coordinates
Difference between given Y end coordinates and calculated Y end coordinates
Given X end coordinate
Given Y end coordinate
CLO_LOOP
| Adjusting Closed Traverse Loop | ||||||||||
| POLYGON 1 | ||||||||||
| PT | Hz | Az | Adj. Az | HD | DX | DY | X | Y | Adj. X | Adj. Y |
| TP 1 | 5000.00 | 5000.00 | ||||||||
| 47.1412 | 155.85 | 114.25 | 106.01 | -0.0031 | 0.0122 | |||||
| TP 8 | 171.5420 | 5114.25 | 5106.01 | 5114.24 | 5106.02 | |||||
| 38.6832 | 38.6825 | 127.88 | 79.93 | 99.83 | -0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| TP 7 | 117.6760 | 5194.17 | 5205.84 | 5194.17 | 5205.86 | |||||
| 336.3592 | 336.3578 | 274.53 | -110.09 | 251.49 | -0.01 | 0.02 | ||||
| TP 6 | 81.4410 | 5084.08 | 5457.33 | 5084.07 | 5457.37 | |||||
| 237.8002 | 237.7982 | 290.34 | -245.68 | -154.72 | -0.01 | 0.02 | ||||
| TP 5 | 170.0158 | 4838.40 | 5302.60 | 4838.38 | 5302.67 | |||||
| 227.8160 | 227.8133 | 241.52 | -178.96 | -162.19 | -0.00 | 0.02 | ||||
| TP 4 | 130.8680 | 4659.45 | 5140.41 | 4659.42 | 5140.50 | |||||
| 178.6840 | 178.6806 | 128.22 | 2.95 | -128.18 | -0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| TP 3 | 140.5430 | 4662.40 | 5012.23 | 4662.37 | 5012.33 | |||||
| 139.2270 | 139.2229 | 229.21 | 149.70 | -173.57 | -0.00 | 0.02 | ||||
| TP 2 | 168.5070 | 4812.10 | 4838.66 | 4812.07 | 4838.78 | |||||
| 127.7340 | 127.7292 | 206.25 | 163.13 | -126.21 | -0.00 | 0.02 | ||||
| TP 10 | 98.5440 | 4975.22 | 4712.45 | 4975.19 | 4712.58 | |||||
| 46.2780 | 46.2726 | 205.33 | 148.38 | 141.93 | -0.00 | 0.02 | ||||
| TP 9 | 93.3825 | 5123.60 | 4854.38 | 5123.56 | 4854.53 | |||||
| 319.6605 | 319.6544 | 190.85 | -123.56 | 145.46 | -0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| TP 1 | 267.4875 | 5000.04 | 4999.84 | 5000.00 | 5000.00 | |||||
| 47.1480 | 47.1412 | |||||||||
| TP 8 | ||||||||||
| Hz SUM | 1440.0068 | 47.1412 | HDSUM | 2049.98 | 0.04 | -0.16 | 0.04 | -0.16 | Misclosure | |
| TH SUM | 1440.0000 | 47.1480 | -0.04 | 0.16 | -0.04 | 0.16 | Adj. Values | |||
| Loop Miscl. | 0.0068 | -0.0068 | ||||||||
| Adj. Value | -0.0007 | 0.0007 |
Horizontal angle in decimal degrees.
Initital azimuth. This value is always given. Could be obtained from previous calculations, county, BLM e.t.c.
Horizontal distance between point. In this case HD between TP1 and TP7
Delta x also named coordinate difference.
dx is calculated for each line by following formula dx=HD*sin Az. In this case HD is a distance between TP1 and TP7 and Az is the Azimuth from TP1 to TP7
Delta y also named coordinate difference.
dy is calculated for each line by following formula
dy=HD*cos Az. In this case HD is a distance between TP1 and TP7 and Az is the Azimuth from TP1 to TP7
X coordinate of the starting point. This value is always given. Cpuld be obtained from previous calculations, county, BLM and e.t.c.
Y coordinate of the starting point. This value is always given. It could be obtained from previopus calculations, county, BLM and e.t.c.
Adjustment value for dx.
It shout be calculated for each line using a following formula
Adj. Value=Misclosure*HD/HDSUM
Adjustment value for dy.
It shout be calculated for each line using a following formula
Adj.Value=Misclosure*HD/HDSUM
Total sum of all measured horizontal angles of the polygon.
Total theoretical sum of all horizontal angles of the closed polygon. If polygon is not closed this sum can not be calculated.
(N-2)*180 = TH SUM for interior angles
(n+2)*180 = TH SUM
Adjustment value for Hz. This value is determined dividing Misclosure on the total number of horizontal angles.
Loop Misclosure of the closed polygon. LM is a difference between HzSUM - TH SUM.
LM shout be less of or equal to given standard misclosure.
Sum of all distances
Sum of all DX, also named Misclosure. For closed traverse loop DX have to equal zero. If this amount is not zero the loop must be adjusted by X.
Azimuth from TP8 to TP7.
Az(TP1,TP8)+Hz=Az(TP8,TP7)
If this sum exceed 180, subtract 180, if it less 180, add 180.
Azimuth from TP8 to TP7.
Az(TP1,TP8)+Hz+Adj.Value=Az(TP8,TP7)
If this sum exceed 180, subtract 180, if it less 180, add 180.
Initial azimut
End Azimuth
Sum of all DY, also named Misclosure. For closed traverse loop DY have to equal zero. If this amount is not zero the loop must be adjusted by Y.
Difference between starting and ending X coordinate. If polygon is closed it has to be zero.
Difference between starting and ending Y coordinate. If polygon is closed it has to be zero.
Correction that has to be applied to adjust X.
Correction that has to be applied to adjust Y.
Sum of all applied corrections named also Adjustment values for X.
Sum of all applied corrections named also Adjustment values for Y.
Ending Azimuth. If polygon is closed the ending Azimuth must equal initial Azimuth. In case there is a difference, the difference have to be the same as Loop Misclosure.
Adjusted Ending Azimuth
Adjusted X of TP8.
X(TP1)+DX+Adj. Value(X)=Adj.X(TP8)
Adjusted Y of TP8.
Y(TP1)+DY+Adj. Value(Y)=Adj.Y(TP8)
Adjusted X of TP8.
Adj.X(TP8)+DX+Adj. Value(X)=Adj.X(TP7)
Adjusted Y of TP7.
Adj.Y(TP8)+DY+Adj. Value(Y)=Adj.Y(TP7)
Adjusted X of TP1. After adjustment this cordinate must be equal initial coordinate of TP1
Adjusted Y of TP1. After adjustment this cordinate must be equal initial coordinate of TP1
X coordinate of final point. If polygon is closed this X must be the same as X of starting point. If there is a difference, thr polygon has to be adjusted by X
Y coordinate of final point. If polygon is closed this Y must be the same as X of starting point. If there is a difference, thr polygon has to be adjusted by Y
