Quiz for PHI208 ethics and moral reasoning

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Question 1. 1. According to Caroline Heldman, which of the following is a question that applies to her sexual object test? (Points : 1)

       Does the image show people having sex?        Does the image show a person as something that can be bought or sold?        Does the image display a full image of a woman?        Does the image display violence against people in the image?

Question 2. 2. According to Gilligan, stages five and six of Kohlberg’s analysis of moral development involve (Points : 1)

       an egocentric understanding of fairness        shared conventions of societal agreement        a logic of equality and reciprocity        a disposition of emotional affectivity

Question 3. 3. In Held’s article, a thinker named Annette Baier claims that the history of Western ethical thought does not take into account feminine aspects because (Points : 1)

       The great moral theorists were men who had little intimate interaction with women.        The great moral theorists were often loving husbands.        The great moral theorists hated women.        The great moral theorists

Question 4. 4. What, according to Noddings, do male philosophers tend to say about death (as opposed to women)? (Points : 1)

       Men are more brave in the face of death than women because of their natural courageousness        Death tends to be harder on men due to their attachments to the glory of this world        Women are more able to allow their faith in the afterlife overcome their aversion to death        Male philosophers often talk as though the world or reason and abstraction is superior to the physical world of the body

Question 5. 5. In Gilligan’s article, the example of Heinz involves which crime (Points : 1)

       theft        murder        arson        racketeering

Question 6. 6. According to Held, the following have been aligned with femininity in the history of Western thought (Points : 1)

       emotion        weakness        passion        all of the above

Question 7. 7. Gilligan claims that females tend to see relationships as these (Points : 1)

       hierarchies        webs        rules        duties

Question 8. 8. According to Colin Stokes, in this film all the heroic, wise, and villainous characters are female (Points : 1)

       The Little Mermaid        Star Wars        The Wizard of Oz        Les Miserables

Question 9. 9. Held claims that this abstract concept has guided the development of Western ethics (Points : 1)

       The man of reason        The feminist woman        The child of love        The mother of care

Question 10. 10. What does Noddings say about women’s feelings about the death of the body? (Points : 1)

       Women, more than anyone, just want to know that the soul of their child has gone to heaven        Women know the preciousness of the body because they create them and care for them        Women are happy not to have to deal with the messiness of dead bodies        Men tend to be more sensitive to the death of the body since they are the ones that have to risk their own lives in war

Question 11. 11. In the video “Sexism in the News Media 2012” some newscasters blame military women for this (Points : 1)

       being killed in combat        being raped        not being able to have children        being war heroes

Question 12. 12. In Gilligan’s example, the child named Amy focuses on this aspect of the Heinz dilemma (Points : 1)

       the logical nature of the problem        a utilitarian calculus that weighs the options        Kohlberg’s theory of moral development        the relationships involved in the dilemma

Question 13. 13. According to psychiatric studies, which of the following has been discovered about the relationship between criminal violence and childhood abuse? (Points : 1)

       Criminal violence follows childhood abuse equally in males and females        Women are more likely to commit criminal violence if the childhood abuse was at a younger age        When criminal violence follows childhood abuse it is almost always in males        No correlation has been found at all between criminal violence and childhood abuse

Question 14. 14. What does Noddings have to say about essentialism about gender? (Points : 1)

       It is the clearly false view that men and women have essences        It is problematic because it has been associated with creation and because it has always favored males over females        It wrongly assumes that God could not have made us in ways that were contrary to our ‘essential nature’        Culture is irrelevant; all of our behaviors are innate

Question 15. 15. This is the name of the female goddess to which young girls are dedicated and then forced into prostitution in India (Points : 1)

       Vishnu        Krishna        Lakshmi        Yellamma

Question 16. 16. Held uses this example to talk about the political distinctions that separate men and women in the realms of the public and the private (Points : 1)

       a business man going out for cocktails        a mother nursing her child        a city planner developing a building        a mother homeschooling her children

Question 17. 17. This is the name for prostitutes in India who have been dedicated to a female goddess (Points : 1)

       Hindus        Hiermala        Devadasi        Sangli

Question 18. 18. This is one way that men can contribute to the destruction of sexual objectification of women (Points : 1)

       they can be kind to women        they can tell women that they are attractive        they can stop seeking attention        they can stop evaluating women based on their looks

Question 19. 19. Which answer best describes Noddings’s statements about how mothers frequently to feel about losing their children in war? (Points : 1)

       Mothers rest assured that the deaths of their children was fully justified by the good they did in the war        Mothers often allow their desire to demonstrate patriotism to override their natural opposition to war and the death of their children        Mothers universally oppose war and the death of children that it inevitably brings        Mothers are generally more enthusiastic for war than anyone else because they know it will make the world safer for future generations

Question 20. 20. What does Nel Noddings say about rates of violent crime among men and women? (Points : 1)

       Men are naturally much more violence prone than women        Women commit nearly as much crime as men do; gender differences here are illusory        Men can be socialized not to commit crime, as seen in many eastern societies        There has been no clearly